Anshu Attri
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Sukhoi PAK FA
- Thread starter Anshu Attri
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Actually, "cost performance" is a term used only for an end-of run production line. Which means, the cost per unit for F-35 (or any plane) will only be calculated once a significant number of them (say the first generation 200 planes) have been delivered. Once the production line moves onto the next model (gen 2 or B), then only you can look at the total cost and get a real number for the production run, per unit. Before that, everything is an "estimate". Obviously if it takes a $40 billion for R&D, $20 billion to setup production and $10 billion in material/ labor cost for the first 100 planes, then the cost/ unit may look like $700 million. However, since the first two are fixed costs and would not change (at least significantly), by the time the first 500 planes role out, the cost per plane will be $220 million. By the time the 1000th plane comes out, the cost per plane would be $160 million.
So, how may planes are on order is also a BIG factor for cost performance.
black eagle
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Could this be the new HMDS for PAK-FA?? It was posted on another forum.. I have my doubts though. It is said to be developed by Zvezda.
Anshu Attri
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Test-pilot Sergey Bogdan has been awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation
Test-pilot Sergey Bogdan has been awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation - News - Russian Aviation - RUAVIATION.COM
Sukhoi Company's test-pilot Sergey Bogdan, who has been carrying out flight testing of multi-role Su-35 fighter and Prospective Airborne Complex – Frontline Aviation (PAK FA), has been awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation. The corresponding order has been signed by Dmitriy Medvedev, noting the pilot's contribution to development of Russian military aviation, the company reports. AEX.ru
The honored test-pilot of Russian Federation Colonel of air forces Sergey Bogdan was born in 1962 in Volsk, Saratov Region. His family moved to Voskresensk the same year. After leaving school Sergey has entered Borisoglebsk Air Force Academy and has graduated with distinction in 1983. He was doing his military service in Leningrad military command on Su-17s until 1987, and then in Mongolia until 1990. After pullout of troops the regiment has been relocated to Gvardeyskoe settlement near Simferopol. In 1991 he has entered Center for test-pilot being a deputy squadron commander in a separate naval attack air regiment holding a grade of major. In 1992 he has entered Moscow Aviation Institute. Since 1993 he was a test-pilot in State Proving Flying Center. After that he became the deputy squadron commander and squadron commander of fighters' flight testing service. He has been taking part in flight testing of Su-27, Su-30МКК, Su-25ТМ, MiG-29S, target aircraft М-21М and М-29. He has performed the test landing on Su-25UTG and Su-33 on aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov. He has been awarded the Order of Courage.
In 2000 he became the test-pilot of Sukhoi design bureau. He has taken part and continues to take part in flight testing of Su-24Ðœ2, Su-25SÐœ, Su-27Ðœ, Su-27SÐœ, Su-30KN, Su-30МК2, Su-30МКI, Su-30МКÐ, Su-30МКМ, Su-27КUB, Su-35UB, Su-47 («Berkut»). He has performed demonstration flights onSu-30МК2 (MAKS – 2001, 2003, 2005), Su-27SКМ (Le Bourget – 2005), Su-30МК2 (Algeria, Libya, Venezuela - 2006). He has mastered 55 types and modifications of jets. He has performed the maiden flight of serialSu-30МКI (2002), Su-35 and PAK FA.
ОÐО "ÐšÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ "Сухой" - ÐовоÑти - СМИ о компании
Sergei Bogdan the test pilot of the fifth generation.
A few days ago, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev awarded the title Hero of Russia, a native of the city Volsk Saratov region, test pilot Sergei Bogdan. With our countryman, having experienced more than one latest model, thousands of hours of the incident and is now paving the way to the sky for the latest fifth-generation fighter spoke to the correspondent of "Time".
Before the new aircraft will go into production, it is actively adjusted "to the mind." Not the least role in this orchestra plays and test pilot. That he will take off the ground plane on which no one had ever flown. This is a dangerous and exciting thing. That's about it, and told readers of the Times "is our neighbor, Honored Test Pilot of Russia, deputy head of flight services Sukhoi Design Bureau" Sergey Bogdan.
- Sergei, A traditional first question: what was your path to heaven?
- Dad, I was very fond of aviation and told me a lot about it. In addition, having moved from Volsk near Moscow Voskresensk, we were in zone center trials of new aircraft. Planting rate Zhukovsky airfield just passes through the town where I lived. And I could see calling for landing aircraft at relatively low altitude. That is, the planes I had, and on hearing and sight. And so from school I have found their way.
Dad told me that the army is not easy, and offered to go to civil aviation. Therefore, before I had to choose from: Air Force or civilian aircraft. Outweighed the army. Honestly, the main winning weights on the scales of choice became the third generation aircraft, which appeared in our arsenal. For example, the MiG-23 - predatory and very modern at the time planes.
Wanted, of course, come in fighter school, but Resurrection draft board gave the distribution of only Borisoglebsk VVAUL, and this fighter-bomber direction. I wanted to study in Kachin VVAUL, which has heard much, but since there was no distribution, went to enter the Borisoglebsk flight school name VP Chkalov, where the fees are proud of.
- During your work as a test pilot had thousands of flying hours, hundreds of flights, and is such that especially hit the memory?
- You just do not even remember a lot of impressions. A lot of emotions: both positive and partly extreme and beautiful. Some specific flight you can not. If we speak on this topic, or an hour and a half, giving various examples, it can, and stand out, but offhand I doubt it. It's like sort out old photos, when you do not know which one you more and more memorable.
For example, memories of the very first flight with an instructor on a training L-29. Impressions are bright enough.
Remember, as I sit in the first cabin, we were scattered on a dirt airfield, the instructor takes a "handle" for himself and the plane's nose lifts, continuing for some time to run along the ground. I just have children's associations, like sitting on the neck Snake Gorynycha, and he raised his head.
And yet, perhaps, the perception of the landscape with the altitude. You sit in a glass booth, the review is magnificent. Particularly impressed, as the land becomes vertical when the plane swoops down, then sharply goes up, start reloading. It really is deposited in the memory.
- Conventional fighter pilots rarely change the type of aircraft, which fly, your task is very different from the set before them. Say it is easy to change from one machine to another?
- It's a very interesting question. Indeed transplant flyer from one aircraft to another - it's quite serious and lengthy procedure. Need to pass tests, get training in the stands. And for the same aircraft have different stands, each performing their tasks: information management, pilotage, working with equipment in combat performance. And indeed the theoretical training is pretty serious, it turns out the smallest details of the device plane, its operations and maintenance.
In principle, similar processes exist in any kind of aircraft: in civilian and military. In the first test pilot psychologically prepared transplanted from one aircraft to another. Of course, performed all procedures for offsets, simulators, but is primarily produced by the ease with which the pilot can change one machine to another. This requires that the test was not psychological time in the day when he needs to get on a plane, in which up to him no one had ever sat down and, of course, no skill, by definition, can not be other than simulators, and then, if exist.
The school test pilots when you are a still a listener, we flew on two or three types of aircraft in one day. After graduating from high school I used to when I changed the day up to five aircraft types with very different tasks. Once again, this is a matter of psychology.
- So many planes have passed through your hands, and which one is my favorite?
- What would be the pilot may have been, on those aircraft on which he flew, he would never say unkind words. Even take a modern aircraft: the fourth generation and above, 4 +, 4 + +, or even the fifth generation - they have their own characteristics, for example, in terms of piloting, they are very good. Third-generation aircraft such as Su-17, MiG-23 in piloting a much more complicated. But every pilot really wants to sit on the car the previous generation. This is to some extent it means to raise your fitness.
Let's just say, modern jets allow many assumptions. Before designers and test pilots put the problem as much as possible to facilitate the work of combat pilots, to make it as safe as possible. To fight on the plane of the third generation, it was necessary to have very strong skills in piloting. For example, to make space maneuvers such as loops, half-loop, need to know and able to withstand a range of speeds. At a lower speed shalt bring in the maneuver, the aircraft may, at the approach to the top of the figure falling into a tailspin. If more speed will create an input error, varies greatly on the trajectory control law, which also leads to adverse effects. We will always need to have a stockpile of speed to maneuver was safe. Modern aircraft allow the pilot to not think about such subtleties. Fighters with a modern control system with thrust vector control, is not broken in a tailspin.
So I can not say that a plane like. Aircraft for the pilot - it's like a child. When you're asked, do you like your child, of course, you will answer that he is the best, but it does not mean that you will not be demanded of him and bring up, looking for flaws. And the flaws can be found in almost anything, even here, for example, have a tea cup. There is no limit to perfection, but in order for him to move, we need to address the shortcomings created by aircraft.
- During the test You practice emergency situations. Is scary?
- Sometimes. But do not say scary, but very unpleasant sensation occurs. Although, as a rule, you walk into a situation ready-made. Thinking: "Behold now, we start it in a plane, it will be or is likely here it will come out of it like this." And it so happens that one aspect of the experience, and getting out of some other, the situation is quite complicated and there is a serious splash of adrenaline.
In such situations, an instantaneous scrolling possible events in the two steps forward. There was such a feeling sometimes that "very sorry, but today will not fly." And when you realize that behind it, what problems: time, cost, for example, the price of an airplane, becomes disagreeable.
- The first time pick up a new plane in the air, a sense of danger there?
- Of all the emotions that are at heart, a sense of danger is somewhere up to 20%. And then only because it is impossible to predict the behavior of a system of one hundred percent. Let's just say if you try to pass along a narrow plank at high altitude, then there will be a prevailing sense of danger.
As a general rule, anything you do in the first rise, have long predicted. For example, if you take the pilot to series, but unknown to him the plane, then say: you have three minutes, and you have to pick it up in the air. Only you still do not know either how the machine behaves, its system, here, yes, a sense of danger will be predominant.
Before you pick up a new airplane, the pilot shall designate the lead on the topic. For example, in 2003, I began to get acquainted with the T-50 fifth generation fighter aircraft, and in 2010 it flew. This upsurge was preceded by a large amount of work. We studied the layout of the cockpit, the work of all systems, the behavior of aircraft in various modes.
For example, a feature of the first flight of a fifth generation fighter aircraft was that it had to be raised in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Prior to this all-new aircraft first flew in Zhukovsky, because there the longest in Europe runway - 5,5 km, which forgives many things and can cope with many emergency situations. In Komsomolsk-on-Amur, the band is shorter - about 2,5 km. For the production aircraft such length is quite normal, but for the experienced, which may arise unusual situations - there are features.
The most tense moments before the first lift aircraft is a high-speed jogging when you have to accelerate to a certain speed, raise the nose of the plane, run for a while in that position, then return to normal, and slow down. That in order to perform this maneuver on the bench more than 200 times worked out jogging and deceleration in different modes. After such training had a clear conviction as to act to "fit" into the strip to the plane was cut from the ground. If the aircraft will come off and fly at least 400 meters, it will be done at the expense of the runway and its length and then may not be enough. Here it was the most difficult moment.
First flight is preceded by serious training, all exercises practiced in the stands, so fear not. Not because I was so brave. I - an ordinary man and the courage in me more than any of us, it's just all the waste and the operation of all the emotion is the prevailing sense of responsibility. Usually the new car is created per year, and all this time it is people. Last three months before the first flight on the aircraft, operates from 50 to 70 people simultaneously. That is, he caked with specialists, like ants, and the work is carried out round the clock. And that's when you know how many people have made an effort to build this car, laps against the sense of responsibility. Terrible mistake and undo their work.
- Your task in the airshow - to demonstrate the machine at different angles and the maximum to show what she can. What stunts are the most difficult?
- The most complex figures related to the maneuverability when the plane leaves at supercritical angles of attack. Here the task is to show the high controllability and stability of the aircraft, to show that it can enter into such a regime, be it manageable and easy exit.
Why do the angles are called supercritical? Because at angles of attack less than the critical airplane is controlled. What is the angle of attack? Imagine if the plane is flying slowly enough, the nose is raised, and the velocity vector is directed forward, here is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the aircraft and the velocity vector and is the angle of attack. When it exceeded a certain size, begin the critical phenomena. For example, the aircraft is the disruption of air flow from the wing, the aircraft becomes uncontrollable, starts to fall. To exit this mode - the desired height. As stated in pilots: a rate - to fly, is the height - you live.
And the air show we have to show the car at low altitude, so it was spectacular, and we need to show these modes: high angles of attack and overload is close enough to the viewer. This is sort of a compromise between safety and entertainment.
In addition to any airshow spectators present, and professionals who are decision-making exorbitant rate those regimes. Professionally speaking, is often necessary to demonstrate the left edge, where there are zero or even negative rates. Modern fighter aircraft can fly quite safely tail forward, for example when performing "The Bells."
- Are there any new stunts, sharpened it a fifth-generation fighter?
- Of course, there will be. First of all, because this plane has a larger wing area and a much larger number of control surfaces. Plus the thrust-weight ratio is much higher plane. While the T-50 did not fly on maneuverability, is now worth slightly different problem. You must first work out the allowable modes, and then push them beyond the side of zero and negative velocities. On the other hand, even at the Su-35 aircraft generation 4 + +, already viewed the new figures are not available Su-27.
- What are fifth-generation fighter aircraft differs from the others?
- At the present time to solve some problems, it is necessary to ensure the invisibility of the plane, and it is achieved in various ways. Fifth generation fighter aircraft in the first place due to the layout of the machine itself, its contours less visible on radar. The plane, which flies on to combat the problem, carries a weapon, and one missile, suspended on pylons on the locator gives a flare, which is not on a plane. And if he cover up by bombs, it becomes more noticeable in a few times, it may be said to see the portable radar stations. The fifth generation is created so that all of his weapons inside.
If you compare it to the Su-27, it the size smaller, but the fuel takes on board more. Plus, a powerful radar system, which allows you to see the enemy many times more than the fourth-generation aircraft.
Modern requirements for combat aircraft suggest cruising flight at supersonic speeds. That is, the aircraft flies quickly and economically. For example, modern aircraft in certain modes spend up to 80 kg of kerosene per second. For 10 seconds, nearly a ton. The new fighter must fly efficiently at supersonic speed, be subtle and far-seeing the enemy, and at the same time, have new weapons and thus simultaneously fire several purposes.
- Are there any foreign airline on which I would like to make a flight?
- On any. For example, the F-104 Starfighter, a fairly complicated in the management plane. On the legendary P-51 Mustang, which the Americans fought in World War II. Any modern aircraft for the test pilot is interesting, but those that enveloped the legendary history in particular.
- There is a perception that the most dangerous profession in the aviation industry - a naval aviator, you land on an aircraft carrier. Share your experiences.
- This is really a very difficult type of flight activity. Harder it is difficult to name something, than flying from the deck of an aircraft carrier. It's very spectacular, but very unusual for land pilot. All of which he is taught, then crossed out by virtue of features. For example, the first impression when I sat down on a combat aircraft Su-33 was pretty strong. It so happened that the weather was turbulent, the aircraft carrier is very much at the rate of the carrier, and thus it was necessary to keep the direction. Allowable lateral deviation during landing on the deck shall not exceed two meters. In this case, the aircraft must fly on the edge of controllability, that is a very low speed so as not to break the brake cable.
Exceed the speed can not - tear the cable, and too lower, too, can not, you risk to fall and crash into the ship's transom. After takeoff deck located high above the sea, about 16 meters. If on the land the airport landing strip precision of 300 meters, but you can not fly, or fly over it, it is not critical, it is necessary to fit into a strip 36 meters, so the plane could catch on cable arresting gear. In this deck tends from under you leave.
For example, my first landing looked like. I go to the ship, I was told that I'm to the left of the axis of the landing deck at 15 meters, I still do not have time to do, and I already passed that I was right 15 meters. Trying to fix this, but to no avail, as a landing deck is constantly "dodging" of the aircraft. And due to the stress I was not enough air, it was necessary to include pure oxygen.
Imagine, a machine weighing 24 tons at a speed of 240 km / h without alignment hits the deck, clinging to hook a rope, a deafening roar. After 90 meters in two seconds the plane stops. At the same time on the deck are aircraft, the people who prepare them for departure. Wing aircraft, the setting for landing is taking place at three meters from the moored to the deck of aircraft. In this case, the plane pulls the cable, which if breaks, crushes everything in its path. Brave people serving in naval aviation.
One of the problems for the pilots - a loss of spatial orientation. Personally, I rather unpleasant twist complicated aerobatics over the sea. Intellectually, I understand that the lowest point of my maneuvers - two kilometers, but when you look down, it seems that I am about to uhnu back into the water. And the lower is becoming worse.
- If no aircraft, no matter what path you have chosen for themselves?
- To be honest, I do not know. I have nothing else to do can not just fly.
- What do you Saratov and Saratov region?
- I take this opportunity to convey greetings to his fellow countrymen. I have very positive memories of Volsk. Unfortunately, I have a very long time there was not, but take this city with great warmth. As a schoolboy, I often came to visit my grandmother, I remember the house on the street Stepan Razin on the Volga river. Very picturesque. Now it is such a nostalgia. The smell of the river, sand, ships hoot - a fairy tale.
My grandfather, Constantine left Volsk to war in 1941 and died in the Smolensk region, defending Moscow. He was a fisherman after his death took place in rybkolhoze my grandmother. I love my grandma, so the city Volsk special for me. Later when he became a test, we had a base in Akhtubinsk, and the route of some jobs took over his native city. Looked at seven or eight miles down, and looked for grandma's house.
Help "Time"
Bogdan Sergey L. was born in Volsk Saratov region in 1962. In the same year his family moved to Voskresensk. After graduating from high school Sergey entered the Borisoglebsk VVAUL, where he graduated with honors in 1983. In 1991, with a Deputy. squadron commander of a separate Marine Attack Aviation Regiment in the rank of Major entered the TSPLI in 1992 - in the MAI. Since 1993 - Test Pilot State Flight Test Center. Tests of Su-27, Su-30MKK, Su-25TM, MiG-29C, aircraft target M-21M and M-29. Performed test landing 25UTG Su-and Su-33 on an aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov, including during combat service in the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, as well as the Mediterranean Sea. Russian Air Force colonel. He was awarded the Order of Courage. Since 2000 - Test Pilot of Sukhoi Design Bureau. " Participated in the tests of the Su-24m2, Su-25SM, Su-27M, Su-27SM, Su-30KN, Su-30MK2, Su-30MKI, Su-30MKA, Su-30MKM and Su-27KUB, the Su-35UB, Su- 47 (Berkut). Mastered 56 types and modifications of aircraft.
Repeatedly carried out demonstration flights on modern jet fighters at an air show and for representatives of foreign delegations in Russia and abroad, including in Algeria, Libya, Venezuela and France. Participated in a flight on the fighter without refueling in the air over the Atlantic Ocean to South America.
Performed the first ascents of the first two samples of prototype Su-35, the first two samples of an experienced fifth-generation fighter T-50, the first batch of Su-35s and the first batch of Su-30MKI. Honored Test Pilot of the Russian Federation from April 2006.
May 23, 2011 President Putin signed a decree on conferring the title "Hero of the Russian Federation."
Test-pilot Sergey Bogdan has been awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation - News - Russian Aviation - RUAVIATION.COM
Sukhoi Company's test-pilot Sergey Bogdan, who has been carrying out flight testing of multi-role Su-35 fighter and Prospective Airborne Complex – Frontline Aviation (PAK FA), has been awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation. The corresponding order has been signed by Dmitriy Medvedev, noting the pilot's contribution to development of Russian military aviation, the company reports. AEX.ru
The honored test-pilot of Russian Federation Colonel of air forces Sergey Bogdan was born in 1962 in Volsk, Saratov Region. His family moved to Voskresensk the same year. After leaving school Sergey has entered Borisoglebsk Air Force Academy and has graduated with distinction in 1983. He was doing his military service in Leningrad military command on Su-17s until 1987, and then in Mongolia until 1990. After pullout of troops the regiment has been relocated to Gvardeyskoe settlement near Simferopol. In 1991 he has entered Center for test-pilot being a deputy squadron commander in a separate naval attack air regiment holding a grade of major. In 1992 he has entered Moscow Aviation Institute. Since 1993 he was a test-pilot in State Proving Flying Center. After that he became the deputy squadron commander and squadron commander of fighters' flight testing service. He has been taking part in flight testing of Su-27, Su-30МКК, Su-25ТМ, MiG-29S, target aircraft М-21М and М-29. He has performed the test landing on Su-25UTG and Su-33 on aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov. He has been awarded the Order of Courage.
In 2000 he became the test-pilot of Sukhoi design bureau. He has taken part and continues to take part in flight testing of Su-24Ðœ2, Su-25SÐœ, Su-27Ðœ, Su-27SÐœ, Su-30KN, Su-30МК2, Su-30МКI, Su-30МКÐ, Su-30МКМ, Su-27КUB, Su-35UB, Su-47 («Berkut»). He has performed demonstration flights onSu-30МК2 (MAKS – 2001, 2003, 2005), Su-27SКМ (Le Bourget – 2005), Su-30МК2 (Algeria, Libya, Venezuela - 2006). He has mastered 55 types and modifications of jets. He has performed the maiden flight of serialSu-30МКI (2002), Su-35 and PAK FA.
ОÐО "ÐšÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ "Сухой" - ÐовоÑти - СМИ о компании
Sergei Bogdan the test pilot of the fifth generation.
A few days ago, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev awarded the title Hero of Russia, a native of the city Volsk Saratov region, test pilot Sergei Bogdan. With our countryman, having experienced more than one latest model, thousands of hours of the incident and is now paving the way to the sky for the latest fifth-generation fighter spoke to the correspondent of "Time".
Before the new aircraft will go into production, it is actively adjusted "to the mind." Not the least role in this orchestra plays and test pilot. That he will take off the ground plane on which no one had ever flown. This is a dangerous and exciting thing. That's about it, and told readers of the Times "is our neighbor, Honored Test Pilot of Russia, deputy head of flight services Sukhoi Design Bureau" Sergey Bogdan.
- Sergei, A traditional first question: what was your path to heaven?
- Dad, I was very fond of aviation and told me a lot about it. In addition, having moved from Volsk near Moscow Voskresensk, we were in zone center trials of new aircraft. Planting rate Zhukovsky airfield just passes through the town where I lived. And I could see calling for landing aircraft at relatively low altitude. That is, the planes I had, and on hearing and sight. And so from school I have found their way.
Dad told me that the army is not easy, and offered to go to civil aviation. Therefore, before I had to choose from: Air Force or civilian aircraft. Outweighed the army. Honestly, the main winning weights on the scales of choice became the third generation aircraft, which appeared in our arsenal. For example, the MiG-23 - predatory and very modern at the time planes.
Wanted, of course, come in fighter school, but Resurrection draft board gave the distribution of only Borisoglebsk VVAUL, and this fighter-bomber direction. I wanted to study in Kachin VVAUL, which has heard much, but since there was no distribution, went to enter the Borisoglebsk flight school name VP Chkalov, where the fees are proud of.
- During your work as a test pilot had thousands of flying hours, hundreds of flights, and is such that especially hit the memory?
- You just do not even remember a lot of impressions. A lot of emotions: both positive and partly extreme and beautiful. Some specific flight you can not. If we speak on this topic, or an hour and a half, giving various examples, it can, and stand out, but offhand I doubt it. It's like sort out old photos, when you do not know which one you more and more memorable.
For example, memories of the very first flight with an instructor on a training L-29. Impressions are bright enough.
Remember, as I sit in the first cabin, we were scattered on a dirt airfield, the instructor takes a "handle" for himself and the plane's nose lifts, continuing for some time to run along the ground. I just have children's associations, like sitting on the neck Snake Gorynycha, and he raised his head.
And yet, perhaps, the perception of the landscape with the altitude. You sit in a glass booth, the review is magnificent. Particularly impressed, as the land becomes vertical when the plane swoops down, then sharply goes up, start reloading. It really is deposited in the memory.
- Conventional fighter pilots rarely change the type of aircraft, which fly, your task is very different from the set before them. Say it is easy to change from one machine to another?
- It's a very interesting question. Indeed transplant flyer from one aircraft to another - it's quite serious and lengthy procedure. Need to pass tests, get training in the stands. And for the same aircraft have different stands, each performing their tasks: information management, pilotage, working with equipment in combat performance. And indeed the theoretical training is pretty serious, it turns out the smallest details of the device plane, its operations and maintenance.
In principle, similar processes exist in any kind of aircraft: in civilian and military. In the first test pilot psychologically prepared transplanted from one aircraft to another. Of course, performed all procedures for offsets, simulators, but is primarily produced by the ease with which the pilot can change one machine to another. This requires that the test was not psychological time in the day when he needs to get on a plane, in which up to him no one had ever sat down and, of course, no skill, by definition, can not be other than simulators, and then, if exist.
The school test pilots when you are a still a listener, we flew on two or three types of aircraft in one day. After graduating from high school I used to when I changed the day up to five aircraft types with very different tasks. Once again, this is a matter of psychology.
- So many planes have passed through your hands, and which one is my favorite?
- What would be the pilot may have been, on those aircraft on which he flew, he would never say unkind words. Even take a modern aircraft: the fourth generation and above, 4 +, 4 + +, or even the fifth generation - they have their own characteristics, for example, in terms of piloting, they are very good. Third-generation aircraft such as Su-17, MiG-23 in piloting a much more complicated. But every pilot really wants to sit on the car the previous generation. This is to some extent it means to raise your fitness.
Let's just say, modern jets allow many assumptions. Before designers and test pilots put the problem as much as possible to facilitate the work of combat pilots, to make it as safe as possible. To fight on the plane of the third generation, it was necessary to have very strong skills in piloting. For example, to make space maneuvers such as loops, half-loop, need to know and able to withstand a range of speeds. At a lower speed shalt bring in the maneuver, the aircraft may, at the approach to the top of the figure falling into a tailspin. If more speed will create an input error, varies greatly on the trajectory control law, which also leads to adverse effects. We will always need to have a stockpile of speed to maneuver was safe. Modern aircraft allow the pilot to not think about such subtleties. Fighters with a modern control system with thrust vector control, is not broken in a tailspin.
So I can not say that a plane like. Aircraft for the pilot - it's like a child. When you're asked, do you like your child, of course, you will answer that he is the best, but it does not mean that you will not be demanded of him and bring up, looking for flaws. And the flaws can be found in almost anything, even here, for example, have a tea cup. There is no limit to perfection, but in order for him to move, we need to address the shortcomings created by aircraft.
- During the test You practice emergency situations. Is scary?
- Sometimes. But do not say scary, but very unpleasant sensation occurs. Although, as a rule, you walk into a situation ready-made. Thinking: "Behold now, we start it in a plane, it will be or is likely here it will come out of it like this." And it so happens that one aspect of the experience, and getting out of some other, the situation is quite complicated and there is a serious splash of adrenaline.
In such situations, an instantaneous scrolling possible events in the two steps forward. There was such a feeling sometimes that "very sorry, but today will not fly." And when you realize that behind it, what problems: time, cost, for example, the price of an airplane, becomes disagreeable.
- The first time pick up a new plane in the air, a sense of danger there?
- Of all the emotions that are at heart, a sense of danger is somewhere up to 20%. And then only because it is impossible to predict the behavior of a system of one hundred percent. Let's just say if you try to pass along a narrow plank at high altitude, then there will be a prevailing sense of danger.
As a general rule, anything you do in the first rise, have long predicted. For example, if you take the pilot to series, but unknown to him the plane, then say: you have three minutes, and you have to pick it up in the air. Only you still do not know either how the machine behaves, its system, here, yes, a sense of danger will be predominant.
Before you pick up a new airplane, the pilot shall designate the lead on the topic. For example, in 2003, I began to get acquainted with the T-50 fifth generation fighter aircraft, and in 2010 it flew. This upsurge was preceded by a large amount of work. We studied the layout of the cockpit, the work of all systems, the behavior of aircraft in various modes.
For example, a feature of the first flight of a fifth generation fighter aircraft was that it had to be raised in Komsomolsk-on-Amur. Prior to this all-new aircraft first flew in Zhukovsky, because there the longest in Europe runway - 5,5 km, which forgives many things and can cope with many emergency situations. In Komsomolsk-on-Amur, the band is shorter - about 2,5 km. For the production aircraft such length is quite normal, but for the experienced, which may arise unusual situations - there are features.
The most tense moments before the first lift aircraft is a high-speed jogging when you have to accelerate to a certain speed, raise the nose of the plane, run for a while in that position, then return to normal, and slow down. That in order to perform this maneuver on the bench more than 200 times worked out jogging and deceleration in different modes. After such training had a clear conviction as to act to "fit" into the strip to the plane was cut from the ground. If the aircraft will come off and fly at least 400 meters, it will be done at the expense of the runway and its length and then may not be enough. Here it was the most difficult moment.
First flight is preceded by serious training, all exercises practiced in the stands, so fear not. Not because I was so brave. I - an ordinary man and the courage in me more than any of us, it's just all the waste and the operation of all the emotion is the prevailing sense of responsibility. Usually the new car is created per year, and all this time it is people. Last three months before the first flight on the aircraft, operates from 50 to 70 people simultaneously. That is, he caked with specialists, like ants, and the work is carried out round the clock. And that's when you know how many people have made an effort to build this car, laps against the sense of responsibility. Terrible mistake and undo their work.
- Your task in the airshow - to demonstrate the machine at different angles and the maximum to show what she can. What stunts are the most difficult?
- The most complex figures related to the maneuverability when the plane leaves at supercritical angles of attack. Here the task is to show the high controllability and stability of the aircraft, to show that it can enter into such a regime, be it manageable and easy exit.
Why do the angles are called supercritical? Because at angles of attack less than the critical airplane is controlled. What is the angle of attack? Imagine if the plane is flying slowly enough, the nose is raised, and the velocity vector is directed forward, here is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the aircraft and the velocity vector and is the angle of attack. When it exceeded a certain size, begin the critical phenomena. For example, the aircraft is the disruption of air flow from the wing, the aircraft becomes uncontrollable, starts to fall. To exit this mode - the desired height. As stated in pilots: a rate - to fly, is the height - you live.
And the air show we have to show the car at low altitude, so it was spectacular, and we need to show these modes: high angles of attack and overload is close enough to the viewer. This is sort of a compromise between safety and entertainment.
In addition to any airshow spectators present, and professionals who are decision-making exorbitant rate those regimes. Professionally speaking, is often necessary to demonstrate the left edge, where there are zero or even negative rates. Modern fighter aircraft can fly quite safely tail forward, for example when performing "The Bells."
- Are there any new stunts, sharpened it a fifth-generation fighter?
- Of course, there will be. First of all, because this plane has a larger wing area and a much larger number of control surfaces. Plus the thrust-weight ratio is much higher plane. While the T-50 did not fly on maneuverability, is now worth slightly different problem. You must first work out the allowable modes, and then push them beyond the side of zero and negative velocities. On the other hand, even at the Su-35 aircraft generation 4 + +, already viewed the new figures are not available Su-27.
- What are fifth-generation fighter aircraft differs from the others?
- At the present time to solve some problems, it is necessary to ensure the invisibility of the plane, and it is achieved in various ways. Fifth generation fighter aircraft in the first place due to the layout of the machine itself, its contours less visible on radar. The plane, which flies on to combat the problem, carries a weapon, and one missile, suspended on pylons on the locator gives a flare, which is not on a plane. And if he cover up by bombs, it becomes more noticeable in a few times, it may be said to see the portable radar stations. The fifth generation is created so that all of his weapons inside.
If you compare it to the Su-27, it the size smaller, but the fuel takes on board more. Plus, a powerful radar system, which allows you to see the enemy many times more than the fourth-generation aircraft.
Modern requirements for combat aircraft suggest cruising flight at supersonic speeds. That is, the aircraft flies quickly and economically. For example, modern aircraft in certain modes spend up to 80 kg of kerosene per second. For 10 seconds, nearly a ton. The new fighter must fly efficiently at supersonic speed, be subtle and far-seeing the enemy, and at the same time, have new weapons and thus simultaneously fire several purposes.
- Are there any foreign airline on which I would like to make a flight?
- On any. For example, the F-104 Starfighter, a fairly complicated in the management plane. On the legendary P-51 Mustang, which the Americans fought in World War II. Any modern aircraft for the test pilot is interesting, but those that enveloped the legendary history in particular.
- There is a perception that the most dangerous profession in the aviation industry - a naval aviator, you land on an aircraft carrier. Share your experiences.
- This is really a very difficult type of flight activity. Harder it is difficult to name something, than flying from the deck of an aircraft carrier. It's very spectacular, but very unusual for land pilot. All of which he is taught, then crossed out by virtue of features. For example, the first impression when I sat down on a combat aircraft Su-33 was pretty strong. It so happened that the weather was turbulent, the aircraft carrier is very much at the rate of the carrier, and thus it was necessary to keep the direction. Allowable lateral deviation during landing on the deck shall not exceed two meters. In this case, the aircraft must fly on the edge of controllability, that is a very low speed so as not to break the brake cable.
Exceed the speed can not - tear the cable, and too lower, too, can not, you risk to fall and crash into the ship's transom. After takeoff deck located high above the sea, about 16 meters. If on the land the airport landing strip precision of 300 meters, but you can not fly, or fly over it, it is not critical, it is necessary to fit into a strip 36 meters, so the plane could catch on cable arresting gear. In this deck tends from under you leave.
For example, my first landing looked like. I go to the ship, I was told that I'm to the left of the axis of the landing deck at 15 meters, I still do not have time to do, and I already passed that I was right 15 meters. Trying to fix this, but to no avail, as a landing deck is constantly "dodging" of the aircraft. And due to the stress I was not enough air, it was necessary to include pure oxygen.
Imagine, a machine weighing 24 tons at a speed of 240 km / h without alignment hits the deck, clinging to hook a rope, a deafening roar. After 90 meters in two seconds the plane stops. At the same time on the deck are aircraft, the people who prepare them for departure. Wing aircraft, the setting for landing is taking place at three meters from the moored to the deck of aircraft. In this case, the plane pulls the cable, which if breaks, crushes everything in its path. Brave people serving in naval aviation.
One of the problems for the pilots - a loss of spatial orientation. Personally, I rather unpleasant twist complicated aerobatics over the sea. Intellectually, I understand that the lowest point of my maneuvers - two kilometers, but when you look down, it seems that I am about to uhnu back into the water. And the lower is becoming worse.
- If no aircraft, no matter what path you have chosen for themselves?
- To be honest, I do not know. I have nothing else to do can not just fly.
- What do you Saratov and Saratov region?
- I take this opportunity to convey greetings to his fellow countrymen. I have very positive memories of Volsk. Unfortunately, I have a very long time there was not, but take this city with great warmth. As a schoolboy, I often came to visit my grandmother, I remember the house on the street Stepan Razin on the Volga river. Very picturesque. Now it is such a nostalgia. The smell of the river, sand, ships hoot - a fairy tale.
My grandfather, Constantine left Volsk to war in 1941 and died in the Smolensk region, defending Moscow. He was a fisherman after his death took place in rybkolhoze my grandmother. I love my grandma, so the city Volsk special for me. Later when he became a test, we had a base in Akhtubinsk, and the route of some jobs took over his native city. Looked at seven or eight miles down, and looked for grandma's house.
Help "Time"
Bogdan Sergey L. was born in Volsk Saratov region in 1962. In the same year his family moved to Voskresensk. After graduating from high school Sergey entered the Borisoglebsk VVAUL, where he graduated with honors in 1983. In 1991, with a Deputy. squadron commander of a separate Marine Attack Aviation Regiment in the rank of Major entered the TSPLI in 1992 - in the MAI. Since 1993 - Test Pilot State Flight Test Center. Tests of Su-27, Su-30MKK, Su-25TM, MiG-29C, aircraft target M-21M and M-29. Performed test landing 25UTG Su-and Su-33 on an aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov, including during combat service in the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, as well as the Mediterranean Sea. Russian Air Force colonel. He was awarded the Order of Courage. Since 2000 - Test Pilot of Sukhoi Design Bureau. " Participated in the tests of the Su-24m2, Su-25SM, Su-27M, Su-27SM, Su-30KN, Su-30MK2, Su-30MKI, Su-30MKA, Su-30MKM and Su-27KUB, the Su-35UB, Su- 47 (Berkut). Mastered 56 types and modifications of aircraft.
Repeatedly carried out demonstration flights on modern jet fighters at an air show and for representatives of foreign delegations in Russia and abroad, including in Algeria, Libya, Venezuela and France. Participated in a flight on the fighter without refueling in the air over the Atlantic Ocean to South America.
Performed the first ascents of the first two samples of prototype Su-35, the first two samples of an experienced fifth-generation fighter T-50, the first batch of Su-35s and the first batch of Su-30MKI. Honored Test Pilot of the Russian Federation from April 2006.
May 23, 2011 President Putin signed a decree on conferring the title "Hero of the Russian Federation."
Crusader53
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We have no information to suggest the PAK-FA has better range than the F-22. Let alone "Twice" the range..........
Are you serious???
LOL Both are very close from the Frontal Aspect. While, the F-35 is somewhat less from the rear depending on the angle.
The F-22 and F-35 have a "lower" RCS than the PAK-FA.
LOL When has Russia ever been ahead of schedule or on cost!:pound:
Crusader53
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The PAK-FA and J-20 are larger twin engined Fighters. That will be constructed in the hundreds. While, the F-35 is single engined and likely to be built in the thousands.........
In short the odds are the F-35 will be cheaper to produce and maintain than either the PAK-FA or J-20.
Crusader53
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Really, Lockheed Martin is building the "best" fighter in the world bar none! As for cost it has little to do with LM and more with numbers. When the F-22 was in development over 600 Raptors were planned. Then the US Government cut the order to the 300's and finally "183". That said I believe the current price is around $133 Million Per Copy. On the otherhand Russia is already talking $100 Million for the PAK-FA. Which, they plan on constructing at least 500! So, by time the PAK-FA does enter service. It could easily be near the F-22.......(and more than the F-35)
JBH22
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who says that F-16 was built in thousands but its still fvcking expensive when it comes with the avionics
p2prada
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The F-22 is 10 times as stealthy as the F-35, USAF and LM officials have openly admitted the F-35 will not be as stealthy as the F-22. They want a cheap fighter which can be mass produced easily.
The F-22, yes. The F-35, not necessary. The PAKFA is built for all aspect stealth with massive aerodynamic advantages.
Many times. And that's what they have announced with what is planned for the PAKFA including the engines.
The F-22 carries 8.2 tons of fuel internally. The PAKFA T-50-1 the prototype carries 10.5 tons of fuel internally. Also the F-22 is draggy, quite a bit more than the Eagle. The PAKFA isn't meant to be a draggy airframe as told by Sukhoi engineers with it's higher focus on performance.
Like I already said, the PAKFA will come with a lot of capability as compared to the F-22. This includes air to ground capability and net centric ops. The F-22 has little or no A2G capability and no net centric ops capability. By the time you get all that installed on the F-22 in the F-22MLU that's coming up, say hello to a meaningless budget.
The F-16 and SH with AESA are over $100Million. What makes you think the F-35 will be any cheaper? The Raptor at $133Million is comparatively cheaper because of it's lack of multirole capability. You will be lucky to upgrade the F-22 with a $60Million budget per aircraft. Heck it is costing us $40Million/jet just to get our old Mirages to 2005 standards.
Looking at the way costs are shooting up for F-35, from $60Million as of 2001 to $110Million as of 2009 and to $xxxMillion as of 2011 to $XXXMillion as of 2014, well......best of luck.
Crusader53
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I believe Lcokheed Martin has built over 4400 F-16's of all makes. Also, the price depends the model and options.
Crusader53
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Your stretching the truth.........
Quote:
"According to November 2005 reports, the US Air Force states that the F-22 has the lowest RCS of any manned aircraft in the USAF inventory, with a frontal RCS of 0.0001~0.0002 m2, marble sized in frontal aspect. According to these reports, the F-35 is said to have an RCS equal to a metal golf ball, about 0.0015m2, which is about 5 to 10 times greater than the minimal frontal RCS of F/A-22. The F-35 has a lower RCS than the F-117 and is comparable to the B-2, which was half that of the older F-117. Other reports claim that the F-35 is said to have an smaller RCS headon than the F-22, but from all other angles the F-35 RCS is greater. By comparison, the RCS of the Mig-29 is about 5m2."
Source:Global Security
Your dreaming.................
LOL Now the PAK-FA has All Aspect Stealth!The F-22 and F-35 are VLO and the PAK-FA is LO....
The F-22 is draggy! LOL
It is true the PAK-FA will be more of a Multi Role Fighter than the F-22. Which, is primarily design for Air Superiority. Yet, it doesn't have to becuse that's the role of the F-35 is USAF Service.
What makes you think that the F-35 with a single engine that was design to be cheaper to build, maintain, and operate than the F-22. Would have a price anything close to the F-22. Espcially, considering the Raptor will be built under 200 aircraft (i.e. 183). While, the F-35 will be made in the "thousands".......PLEASE
Do you really want me to open up the cost escalation of Indian Military Programs! That said, the cost increases for the F-35 are way below many US Defense Programs. The critics just like to try to spin in their favor...
Examples of cost increases form the US Government (GAO) of various Military Programs.
C-130 AMP 245%
EFV 169%
Global Hawk 109%
JSF 57%
Apache Blk III 55%
Anshu Attri
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Latest aircraft for IAF in Gujarat
Latest aircraft for IAF in Gujarat | idrw.org
Five important airbases of Indian Air Force (IAF) in Gujarat will be equipped with fifth generation aircrafts as well as other latest technology and gadgets by 2014, said Air Chief Marshal PV Naik in Gandhinagar on Thursday.Naik also said that the IAF was ready to tackle any adverse situation. "IAF has many developments pending and the government will be purchasing the latest gadgets, technology as well as aircrafts to strengthen the force," he said. Ahmedabad, Nalia, Bhuj, Jamnagar and Vadodara are the five airbases in state.
Naik, who is on a three-day visit to Gujarat, also said that IAF was capable of dealing with security threats arising out of the recent developments in Pakistan.
Naik also said the entire region of South Asia seems to be caught in a maze of security challenges following the killing of Osama Bin Laden and the subsequent terror attack on Mehran Naval airbase in Pakistan. These incidents were likely to have major implications on India.
"Mehran attack is not something that will change our plans. Our plans have already been in place since the last five years," he said, when asked about IAF's preparedness to deal with similar situations.
"IAF is emerging as a strategic aerospace force, and is fully capable of facing any challenge that it is posed with. Our preparedness levels are at the desired level to thwart any nefarious threats," he said.
Naik said that security of IAF airbases was very vital, because its assets were based at those bases. In view of this, IAF had embarked on a major modernisation plan, he said.
"Over the last five years, the IAF has gone about increasing the physical security of the bases, things like boundary walls, controlling the entry-exit points, monitoring," he said.
Latest aircraft for IAF in Gujarat | idrw.org
Five important airbases of Indian Air Force (IAF) in Gujarat will be equipped with fifth generation aircrafts as well as other latest technology and gadgets by 2014, said Air Chief Marshal PV Naik in Gandhinagar on Thursday.Naik also said that the IAF was ready to tackle any adverse situation. "IAF has many developments pending and the government will be purchasing the latest gadgets, technology as well as aircrafts to strengthen the force," he said. Ahmedabad, Nalia, Bhuj, Jamnagar and Vadodara are the five airbases in state.
Naik, who is on a three-day visit to Gujarat, also said that IAF was capable of dealing with security threats arising out of the recent developments in Pakistan.
Naik also said the entire region of South Asia seems to be caught in a maze of security challenges following the killing of Osama Bin Laden and the subsequent terror attack on Mehran Naval airbase in Pakistan. These incidents were likely to have major implications on India.
"Mehran attack is not something that will change our plans. Our plans have already been in place since the last five years," he said, when asked about IAF's preparedness to deal with similar situations.
"IAF is emerging as a strategic aerospace force, and is fully capable of facing any challenge that it is posed with. Our preparedness levels are at the desired level to thwart any nefarious threats," he said.
Naik said that security of IAF airbases was very vital, because its assets were based at those bases. In view of this, IAF had embarked on a major modernisation plan, he said.
"Over the last five years, the IAF has gone about increasing the physical security of the bases, things like boundary walls, controlling the entry-exit points, monitoring," he said.
Anshu Attri
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Russian fighter 5 th generation will be presented at the maks-2011
РоÑÑийÑкий иÑтребитель 5-го Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±ÑƒÐ´ÐµÑ‚ предÑтавлен на ÐœÐКС-2011 // ÐвиаПорт.ÐовоÑти
Moscow. June 3. Airports - Long-Term Complex Frontal Aviation (PAK FA) will be unveiled at the International Aviation and Space Salon MAKS-2011, which will be held August 16-21, 2011 in Zhukovsky (Moscow region).
"We expect to submit the PAK FA to the public at MAKS-2011" - told reporters the president of the United Aircraft Corporation Mikhail Pogosyan.
РоÑÑийÑкий иÑтребитель 5-го Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±ÑƒÐ´ÐµÑ‚ предÑтавлен на ÐœÐКС-2011 // ÐвиаПорт.ÐовоÑти
Moscow. June 3. Airports - Long-Term Complex Frontal Aviation (PAK FA) will be unveiled at the International Aviation and Space Salon MAKS-2011, which will be held August 16-21, 2011 in Zhukovsky (Moscow region).
"We expect to submit the PAK FA to the public at MAKS-2011" - told reporters the president of the United Aircraft Corporation Mikhail Pogosyan.
p2prada
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That said, the F-35's cost escalation hasn't even been revealed as of today. Most countries have decided not to induct even the prototypes due to cost issues. Everything in the US has had massive cost escalations.
Also I cannot reply to your post properly if you cannot use the quote option.
However the Global security link you gave does indicate the F-22 is still 10 times stealthy than the F-35. 0.0001 is 5-10 times smaller than 0.0015. The part that you have underlined is false. The F-22 is and will have the smallest RCS in the game for the forseeable future. The report about marble and golf ball difference came directly from the USAF. The so called "other reports" are from dodgy analysts with less credible info than the US Department of Defense. USAF has openly said the F-35 is nowhere as stealthy as the F-22 from any angle.
The PAKFA is all aspect stealth. Flat Nozzles are being developed as we speak along with IR signature management as well as RCS reduction. An aircraft like MKI which is claimed to have a RCS of 10m2 was reduced to 1-2m2 on the Su-35BM. That is a remarkable achievement by itself.
It's open source information, the F-22 is much more draggy than the F-15. That's why the combat radius of the F-22 is half that of the F-15 on internal fuel even though the F-15 carries only 6.2 tons of fuel as compared to F-22's 8.2 tons.
Cost of operations are significantly different from cost for procurement. Procurement will be much higher for the F-35 because the avionics it carries makes the F-22 look like a bullock cart. The engine, power packs, radar, comm system, navigation, ECCM etc are all many years ahead of the F-22 and may end up costing as much as the entire aircraft itself, meaning the avionics will cost at least half that of the airframe. Operating such expensive avionics and equivalent upgrades will also cost a bomb in the long run.
shivendrashukla
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Sorry to dash your hopes, but that is not going to happen. Vadodra is a non-fighter base and IAF has no plans in near future of deploy any fighters there as well.
Cheers
Shivendra
The F-35 has to be hand finished and cost $220million for the Naval version plus $100million for the development cost.
Neither mass produced or cheap
chex3009
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At present there are MiG-21s stationed at Vadodara, so you can't call it a non-fighter base, and regarding the excitement about able to spot a FGFA somewhere down the timeline, i was just responding to the post above my post which stated that Gujarat was going to get 5th Gen fighters at its bases, just that.
Anshu Attri
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