Chinese Threat in Himalayas
Chinese are no longer a threat except third rate Author like Pravin Sawhney overstate that threat. He is selling a book not security. The Chinese have actually mastered two things, —- stealth and propaganda. They occupied a few peaks in Ladakh stealthily in 2020 and attacked an unarmed Indian party in Galwan. That they attributed it as a victory. Victory or not, India reacted strongly and started to confront Chinese at the heights with a bigger military force. Unfortunately a few politicians and China friendly media agreed with them. Chinese later were totally surprised when India stealthily occupied Kailash Heights and put their garrison at Moldo within Indian gun range. They quickly negotiated withdrawal. Other withdrawals were long conversations at the Commander's meet. One thing was clear: they were negotiating, prestige and not withdrawal. Now they knew that the Indian Army has arrived in Ladakh in strength and there is no further headway.
This Ladakh withdrawal by a few kilometers stops eyeball to eyeball confrontation. No negotiations have taken place to return to peacetime positions. That will be a huge lump for the Indian Army to take. The stealthy Chinese could return from their peacetime position on the Aksai-Chin Plains within a few days. They have a very short climb and their infrastructure already exists to the front. If the Indian Army returns to the peacetime positions in Kashmir or Punjab, it will take weeks to reinforce. Hence, for the Army to stay close by, it has built winter quarters for at least 35,000 personnel together with storage area for military hardware. This buildup is supplemented with a huge surveillance system with drones and human intelligence to avoid any surprises.
In the east, from Sikkim to Walong (Arunachal Pradesh), India is well prepared to prevent any stealth moves by China. The Chinese have tested Indian resolve in Doklam in 2017. With the completion of the SELA tunnel, moving troops to Tawang and beyond will become easy. Another peripheral road parallel to the border will be available in four years to supplement defence. Once again, surveillance will prevent Chinese stealth surprises. In this part of the border the Indian army with four army corps of 50-60,000 troops each is well positioned to eject the Chinese. On top of that, there is a Strike Corp in the vicinity to occupy Chinese lands and throw them out of gear.
On the hardware side, the Chinese brought a lot of missiles to Ladakh. None of these, if accurate, are useful to strike on the reverse side of the mountains where Indian positions are located. Indian Brahmos can maneuver to strike on reverse side of the mountains. Indian mountain artillery and light tank in numbers can blow the hell out of any attacking force. Whatever could not be accomplished by these will be done by attacking swarm drones, loitering ammunition and UAVs.
Hence, the Chinese military posture is well matched. No wonder they decided to go and retained their prestige intact.