It all comes down to force structure. Japan has a total of 250,000 personnel in uniform of whom 150,000 are the ground forces (Army). The Indian Army alone is about 1.2 million in comparison, the IAF and IN another 250,000. India has 2 hostile borders and thousands of MBTs, Japan has a few hundred as it's land defence is really the defence of it's many islands..Japan's armed forces retirees do not get a pension: they get a one time lump sum payment on retirement so there is no continuing liability like India where 28% of the defence budget goes to fund pensions. And that is why inspite of having a defence budget of $50 billion which is less than the $70 billion that India spends, Japan can afford to buy new equipment like 147 F-35s whereas India struggles to come up with money to buy 36 Rafale.
But India does need a fundamental re-think of it's force structure.
Your point is alright but a drowning man can make no excuses.
We have to make the best of what we have.
If we consider Indian Defence Forces as a Machine than the Machine isn't operating at its full capability, more like 65 to 75% Efficiency.
We can squeeze out more from our 60 billion budget.
The partial reason for this inefficiency lies in our structure itself, the reason being
- No set of goals and vsion in the armed forces.
- Civil service donination of MOD.
- Communication gap between the armed forces and Civil Service cadre.
- Fear of Coup in the Politicians.
- Unchecked Corruptions and Lack of Transparency in the armed forces.
- British Era Doctrine
- Lack of Coordination in each and every wing of defence IN, IAF, IA, SF.
- Communication Gap between PSU anf Defences forces.
- MOD being in the Parliament.