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You are totally right.1. normally so called 4.5mach speed is the top/Max speed...when the rocket motor burn out , the most BVR missiles could reach this TOP speed, then the unpowered deceleration begins, that '4.5mach' thing is just a instantaneous velocity ...the two/multi pulse rocket motor powered missile could reach the top speed again when another pulse is ignited. we might have to introduce the average speed here (speed=kinetic energy) which might be much slower.
2. Metero is something like a cruise missile with an engine always on(then other MRAAM might be considered as the ballistic one roughly). so its top speed is not that high but the average/cruising speed is very considerable. it looks like that it could keep the high-energy state BUT the air-breathing layout also limits the maneuverability . the claimed NEZ actually is Debatable...
3. the so called super long range AA(or Surface to Air) missile concepts did exist...we might see something powered by a giant rocket or scramjet engine. but you might have to understand: for a hypersonic missile ,it flies at an over 5 mach speed during the most of the flight. at present those commissioned BVR missiles' average speed might be near/around 3 mach only.
BTW , the export varient of PL-15 MRAAM - PL-15E claimed a Max engage range of 145km.
AIM-120D seems to still have the 'dual thrust rocket motor' (not dual pulse), then that range thing is also Debatable.
A classical booster missile max speed only occurs a couple of seconds. The average speed is far less (due to aerodynamic friction even in high altitude).
Meteor is selled as Mach4+ , but as the engine burnt all flight long (may be not at full power...) the average speed is said to be greater. And it don't have to reach higher altitude (for less friction) so the trip to target is smaller.
Only new air to air missile with second booster to re energize the speed near the target offered a last course high agility (not the case of AMRAAM or legacy MICA). A Meteor has an average speed over classical booster missile with a single booster and even with a second one (only active the very last seconds).
Time is money in economy, and time is death in weapons area.