EACH NEW GENERATION OF AIRCRAFT ENGINES REQUIRES AN INCREASE IN EXPENDITURE ON R & D
Moscow. April 14. Airports - Every new generation of engines requires an increasing amount of labor and financial resources for science, for scientific research (NCI), said Supervisor of CIAM Vladimir Skibin.
According to him, a few years ago an analysis of the dynamics of expenditure on science when creating new engines, which showed that the engine of the fourth generation of the total project funding was spent on R & D of 15-20%. When you create a fifth-generation engine of the total funding for the development of the project on R & D accounts for 60%. And according to forecasts, the development of sixth-generation engine for science and technological advance (NTRP) will take more than 70% of the total project costs.
Currently, CIAM was working hard to develop the methodology and the engine is expected in the coming years it will become available to all developers of engines. "Its essence lies in the fact that the developer has the right motor to begin research and development work, there is no necessary body of knowledge and advanced scientific and technological potential," - said scientific director of CIAM.
He noted that one of the most important tasks is the creation of CIAM NTRP. At the same time to create NTRP today imposed new requirements: the work must end technology demonstrator site or the engine as a whole. "One SRI is unable to create the necessary NTZ, must work with industry, EDB, enterprises," - said V.Skibin. Therefore, the decision to work together on advanced engines PD-14 and the "product 30" for the fifth-generation fighter has been fully justified. "To date, this joint work is being done with the Permian of" Aircraft Engine "and" NPO "Saturn" - he said.
Speaking on the importance of NPOV, V.Skibin stressed that today's aircraft engine is a revolutionary progress has analogues in other industries or on elements of design, nor the stress strain behavior at a temperature of not. In the U.S. and Europe accepted indicators of future aircraft engines. The problem in the near and medium term to create engines that have fuel consumption by 70% less, which puts tremendous complexity of the task facing scientists and researchers. Also provides for reduction of emission rates by 60-70%, a significant reduction in engine noise. "The long-term scientific studies it is important to keep up with Russia, it is necessary to make up the backlog, where it is still there," - says V.Skibin.
He stressed that in recent years have learned to consider CIAM, and thus produce scapular machine. At the time, our scientists and specialists, to some extent, jealous of the fan blades shirokohordnym hollow, domestic engine-blades are not made. Now in Russia, and are able to consider such blades, and produce them. The highest skill - to consider the kinetics of combustion in the combustion chamber in the light of turbulence. "This is a huge task, and it CIAM successfully solve," - said V.Skibin.
Responding to a question about the engine of the second stage of development for the future fighter PAK FA program, scientific director of CIAM said that the decision to start R & D over the engine of the second stage was taken over a year ago. Domestic engine manufacturers have shown convincingly that the Russian industry and domestic science in a position to tackle this very complex subject. There was some research done on the basic and defining the parameters and characteristics, the possibility of creating an engine with a very high performance turbine, combustion chamber, a fan. These works were carried out industry trials were conducted in CIAM, some tests were conducted at JSC "NPO" Saturn "and the NPC of gas turbine" Salute. "Was shown the possibility of creating an engine with the given parameters are not inferior to foreign aircraft engine performance. Today, this work has been going on in the OCD. The program, established co-operatives, has been appointed chief designer and the work is quite active.
Responding to a question on why were not completed work on the propeller-fan motor with a high bypass ratio of NK-93, V.Skibin said that the engine NK-93 was created in Soviet times for heavy military transport aircraft Il-106. Were created by experienced engine, conducted bench tests, the engine has been admitted to the flight test. CIAM was actively involved in all stages of the engine. However, from the very beginning there were serious comments on the compressor and turbine, which were created by technology and the level of the 1980s. At meetings in Samara, disassembled, what should be done to improve the engine, and was designated the second phase of development. But as time went on, and further progress in building the engine was not.
After some time in the development of NK-93 returned once more, were considered the work on this engine, is scheduled program, the cost is defined as the engine of virtually every node should have something to refine, modify, and improve. This was to be done to the engine can be certified. Today, the blade design of the machine is obsolete, and now you can only talk about the possibility of using separate units and making the engine NK-93. At the same time V.Skibin stressed that the scheme itself is a progressive motor.
He continued that he had repeatedly raised the question of continued testing, and including the flight. "We have waited a long time, but the proposal was not convincing. First of all, there was no answer on what the aircraft is necessary to establish NC-93. Specific fuel consumption is very good, but the engine was considered at a speed of M = 0.75, and the airplane people have M = 0 ,8-0, 82, and then the specific fuel consumption are quite different. Engine thrust was 18 tons, but at a temperature of 140 degrees above - listed the scientific director of CIAM. - As a result it was decided to use the possibility of developments in this remarkable engine land in the industrial gas turbines, which are now very well. However, if the task of creating a new plane, NC-93 should be redone and it is clear on what sites to work. "
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