..:: India Strategic ::.. INDIAN AIR FORCE
New Delhi. The Indian Air Force is set to begin the flight trials of the six US and European aircraft for India’s Medium Multi Role Combat Aircraft (MRCA) competition from July and finish them by March 2010.
Air Chief Marshal P V Naik told India Strategic in an interview on the eve of the Paris Air Show that teams from the IAF’s Aircraft and Systems Testing Establishment (ASTE), Bangalore, were being deployed to test the competing aircraft within a tight schedule from the country of manufacture to within India at three places.
“Whether one or more aircraft are short-listed would depend upon the results of the comprehensive tests, and there would be a common template for all.”
He also disclosed that IAF had shortlisted the Boeing C 17 Globemaster III for its very Heavy Transport Aircraft (VHTAC) requirement, and that it was also considering more Lockheed Martin C 130Js in addition to the six already ordered.
Asked if the tanker deal for six Airbus 330 MRTT aircraft had been signed, he said that while the aircraft had been shortlisted, the proposal was with the MoD for procedural clearance and was yet to be signed. IAF already has six Il 78 midair refuelers, and the new orders are to augment the requirement.
Although the Il 76 aircraft has served the Indian Air force well, Russia does not make the Il 76/ 78 platform any more, and whether for AWACS or refueler requirement, old aircraft are refurbished and re-sold by Russia or Central Asian states which were part of the Soviet Union. Apparently, IAF has decided to choose new, and newer generation, aircraft for its various requirements.
Overall, Air Chief Marshal Naik said that IAF was on track to achieve its total transformation by 2020-25, by which time IAF should be spending around USD 100 billion on aircraft, systems, infrastructure, sensors, UAVs, missiles, training and related modernization programmes.
As for the combat fleet, be observed: “The IAF of the future, post-2025, would consist of FGFA (Fith Generation Fighter Aircraft), SU 30 MKIs, MRCAs and Tejas/ MCA (indigenous Medium Combat Aircraft) with multi-role as well as significant swing role capability.”
“They would employ advanced technologies, sensors and precision weapons. The larger aircraft, i.e. FGFA and SU 30 would focus on Air Dominance and specialise in similar roles in long ranges over land and sea, while the MRCAs would don a variety of medium-range and tactical roles. These assets would be capable of all weather, day and night attack with adequate self-protection capability…these assets would be immensely capable and are not going to be confined to the strictly stereotyped roles. They would carry out a number of roles in the same mission.”
Air Chief Marshal Naik, who assumed charge on May 31 from Air Chief Marshal F H Major (Retd), would be visiting the Paris Air Show along with top IAF officers to witness what new technologies are being introduced and displayed there by various aircraft manufacturers.
(Minister of State for Defence Pallam Raju is expected there along with Civil Aviation minister Praful Patel).
The six aircraft in fray for the IAF requirement, including the French Rafale, would be on display at the air show. The others are EADS Eurofighter, US Lockeed Martin F 16, Boeing F 18 Super Hornet, Swedish Gripen and Russian Mig 35.
According to reliable sources, the Rafale was nearly out because its manufacturer, Dassault, had simply not filled in all the columns in the Indian RfP. There was some drama when the news leaked out, but after French diplomatic intervention, the Indian Ministry of Defence, which is the actual acquisition authority, allowed it to be back in the competition last month.
There was no comment however from the Air Chief, except to confirm that “all the six aircraft are in the competition.”
Giving details of the Field Evaluation Tests (FETs), he said that in the first round, Indian pilots would visit the country of manufacture of each aircraft to see the facilities; in the second round, two to three aircraft from each manufacturer would be flight tested in Bangalore, Jaisalmer and Leh; and in the third round, actual weapon firing tests would be held in the country of manufacture (or in another country as designated by the manufacturer – not all European countries have firing ranges).
There wold be a common leader but two or three different teams under him. The aircraft would go to Bangalore for “performance, systems and humidity trials, to Jaisalmer for hot weather and weapon trials, and to Leh for high altitude and cold weather trials.”
“The evaluations would be in sequence, one after the other, starting from Bangalore.”
Specifically, Air Chief Marshal Naik pointed out: In India, the aircraft would be subjected to performance trials which would include takeoff and landing characteristics, aircraft maneuvering, and checks of certain systems in the air.
Evaluation of its maintainability, mission support equipment, operations at high altitude and in specific environments will also be conducted. Analyses of some aspects operations of its avionics, radar and Electronic Warfare (EW) systems along with live firing of long range weapons would be conducted at vendor-specific locations.”
All the trials are on No-Cost-No- Commitment basis, and the IAF will buy only the one which meets all the parametres in terms of capabilities and cost.
The Air Chief observed that this was the first time that field trials of multiple aircraft under a single RfP were being undertaken. Live firing, maintainability, and environmental tests would be part of the testing. “The magnitude of the task is enormous and time lines are critical. Considering the complexity of trials, the evaluation will be split and each sub-team will evaluate a set of aircraft each, though under a common team leader.”
He said that initially, IAF was looking at only 126 aircraft as per the RfP but an increase in the number of aircraft was likely. The RfP has a 50 per cent option clause, that is, IAF could buy another 63 aircraft in future without any escalation.
However, said Air Chief Marshal Naik, “the acquisition of more aircraft would be assessed at an appropriate time, based on our experience and requirement.”
IAF was hopeful to get the first selected aircraft by 2013-14. After the IAF submits its choice of one or more aircraft to the MoD, the latter would take a decision on the final selection, and its manufacturer would begin supplying the aircraft within three years of the signing of the contract.
The initial value for 126 aircraft with two years of spares and maintenance is estimated at around USD 10 billion. It would be the responsibility of the manufacturer to ensure periodic upgrades and serviceability for up to 40 years.
Asked how would the IAF evaluate the AESA (Active Electronically Scanned Array) requirement that is mandatory but not yet available on board some of the aircraft, the Air Chief said that the trial template is common for all, without deviation, and to be selected, an aircraft would have to meet the requirements in the RfP.
“A very comprehensive and detailed trial plan and methodology has been formulated by the Air HQ for the complete evaluation of platforms being offered. This includes testing the performance of all systems including the AESA radar. The same template would be used to evaluate all the offered aircraft and systems.”
“The performance of all aircraft would be evaluated and checked for compliance, strictly against the desired specifications, that have already been published and made known to the vendors. Comprehensive reports would then be compiled and submitted (to the MoD). That is the process that we will follow.”
The aircraft are evaluated “strictly under the Air Staff Qualitative Requirements (ASQRs) which include maintainability, reliability, performance, life-cycle costs, warranties and many complex issues. It is only after checking out the offer against the specified parameters that final recommendations are made.” The Air Chief Marshal defined Mission Success and Safe Return of Pilots and Assets as the key to the IAF modernization and acquisition programme.
The entire IAF acquisition and modernization programme was in this perspective, and assets like the AWACS, Midair refuelers, sensors and precision strike systems were being acquired accordingly.
“The Indian Air Force seeks to be a credible force that can deliver air power wherever and whenever required (to defend the country). Our effectiveness in doing so will largely determine our credibility. Our Air Force will comprise equipment that promises us effectiveness and high mission rates.
Survivability is an integral component of that requirement, and there will be no compromise on either of these two counts.”
The Air Chief said that the state-of-he-art SU 30 MKI was set to become IAF‘s maintstay “shortly” and that was why “we have modified our basing plans so as to distribute our assets equitably.”
It may be noted that in the past, the ratio of IAF aircraft has been two in the west and one in the east. Indications are that from now on, this distribution will be 50:50.
IAF has already ordered an additional 40 SU 30 MKIs from Russia to take their total number to 230. The aircraft is being made in India by HAL under technology transfer, and the existing IAF fleet was under upgrades to Phase-III standards.
About the helicopters, the Air Chief said that while the IAF had recently issued the RfPs for 22 combat and 15 heavy lift helicopters, another RfP for utility helicopters in a joint tender with the Indian Army would be floated soon.
IAF has already signed a contract in 2008 with Russia for 80 new Mi 17 V5 helicopters last year to add to its existing fleet. Their delivery should complete in 2010.
A contract is also being awarded to Ukraine to upgrade IAF‘s 100-plus An 32 transport aircraft.
The indigenous Dhruv is also being acquired at a steady pace, said Air Chief Marshal Naik.
..:: India Strategic ::.. INDIAN AIR FORCE