Indian nuclear submarines

[Kunal Biswas]

Hindu article pic is of Kilo ..

 

[Kunal Biswas]

I will take my words back, They are not Arihant class by normal Kilos ..

There dive planes are not in tower but at hull, They are not Arihants ..

 

[sayareakd]

got bigger image

its the model of arihant shown in Kerala. from the looks, it has front Vertical launch silos.

this is Kilo class as rightly said by Kunal sir.

here some more proof

This has same periscope as in INS Sindhurakshak which meet with accident, it is kilo class sub.

 

[bhramos]

this is Kilo class as rightly said by Kunal sir.

here some more proof

This has same periscope as in INS Sindhurakshak which meet with accident, it is kilo class sub.

i didnt mention it as Arihant, almost Russians have same periscope in all subs...

 

[sayareakd]

i didnt mention it as Arihant, almost Russians have same periscope in all subs...

pay attention both have different periscope.

here INS chakra periscope

 

[makmohan]

India set to attain N-triad capability within a month | idrw.org

 

[happy]

Great !!! So the SLBM first launch from arihant is before feb end. Wish them all the best !!!

 

[sayareakd]

When the nation acknowledge the contribution made by our scientists

Padma Shri for BARC director - The Hindu

one of the architects of the 80 MWt compact pressurised water reactors that will power Arihant, the country's nuclear-powered submarine.

and other things he has done for India........

 

[sayareakd]

found at BR, Russian view on ATV

Google uncle translation but worth reading..........

ndian nuclear submarine program began a few decades later, the American and Soviet. First research grew into a project ATV (Advanced Technology Vessel - a high-tech ship), began in 1974. Assembly under license of German diesel-electric submarines type 209 in 1984 at Mazagon Docks has allowed local experts accumulate first experience in construction. Acquired technology and knowledge applied in the implementation of ATV. Practical phase of the project began in 1985-1988, and to the development of working documentation began in the late XX century.

While only icebreaker built INS Arihant. At the ceremony of launching its July 26, 2009 Prime Minister Manmohan Singh thanked the Russian experts for their assistance. In the creation of the ship attended various structures country's Defense Ministry and research centers, including the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) and the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). Connected and large private organizations, such as Larsen & Toubro (L & T) and Tata Power - a division of Tata Group. Steel for the reactor compartment supplied Heavy Engineering Corporation, Ranchi, steam generator - Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), and received an order for Audco pressure valves. After the Navy and DRDO experts finished overall project boat, its drawings in digital 3D as engineers have completed L & T. Management system developed Tata Power, and a steam turbine - Walchandnagar Industries. Build boats of various components made in factories in different cities of India, carried out in the Shipbuilding Centre (SBC) Vizahapatnam city.

In addition to the brain, it is planned to build five more ships, two cases have already been laid. Technical information about the project is stingy. It is only known that the design of the first-born of Indian nuclear submarine repeats famous Soviet solutions - double-hulled boat with external light and inner main buildings. Displacement - six thousand tons, length - 110-112 meters, width - 10-11 meters, the crew - 95 people, submerged speed - 24 knots. In general, the parameters close to the icebreaker Chakra II, but longer due to additional missile compartment (four vertical shafts with a diameter of 2.4 meters). To reduce the acoustic field used rubber tiles. Hydroacoustic complexes of two types - UHSUS (installed on the project for modernization 877EKM) and Panchendriya (integrated sensor and control system).

As a primary weapon boat carries 12 ballistic missiles K-15 Sagarika four mines. Length missiles - 10.4 meters, diameter - one meter (0.74 m according to other sources), starting weight - 6.3 tons, with a range of monobloc charge - 750 kilometers, with a reduced - up to 1500 kilometers. Start out with water immersion stand took place in 2008. There were claims that the missile is ready for the adoption. In the future, the submarine can be armed with missiles with a range Agni type 3500 kilometers. Four vertical shafts contain one Agni 3SL with a diameter of two meters and adjustable head part. However, it is reported that the development of the new missile can take several years.

The reactor of the type PWR (Pressurised Water Reactor), designed BARC. Prototype earned in 2004 on the territory of Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research in Chennai. Apparently, he is the type of land and ship variants requires processing documentation for manufacturing. The reactor 13 has fuel assemblies, each of the pins 348. The length of the reactor compartment - 42 meters, diameter - about eight meters. With electrical and propulsion systems, it takes half the internal volume of the boat. Last year, the lead ship launched reactor, ready to sail.

https://translate.google.co.in/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&u=http%3A%2F%2Fvpk-news.ru%2Farticles%2F18915

 

[pmaitra]

Jake Thompson on the Growth of an Indian Nuclear Navy - YouTube

[PDF]http://www.rusi.org/downloads/assets/UK_PONI_2012_-_Thompson_-_Indian_Nuclear_Navy.pdf[/PDF]

 

[feathers]

India's first indigenous n-submarine to operate from 2015
New Delhi, Feb 7, 2014, (IANS):
India's first indigenous nuclear-powered attack submarine, INS Arihant, should be ready for deterrence patrols from 2015, roughly in about a year's time from now, its developers say. DH photo

India's first indigenous nuclear-powered attack submarine, INS Arihant, should be ready for deterrence patrols from 2015, roughly in about a year's time from now, its developers say.

India's top missile scientist, Avinash Chander, said the nuclear-tipped missiles were ready for installation and their integration would begin after some of the scheduled sea trials are over. The submarine is in its home port of Visakhapatnam now but should set course for the sea within a few weeks - by March - once its reactor achieves full power in the step-by-step process.

"All weapons are ready. INS Arihant is going through the steps of induction, and we are slowly raising the power to 100 per cent. After that, it will be ready to go to the sea. The process is a fairly elaborate exercise which will take several months. Once Arihant is in the sea, there has to be a trial phase of six to eight months," Chander told India Strategic magazine ahead of the DefExpo in New Delhi.

Chander, who is the Scientific Adviser to the Defence Minister and also the Director General of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) which is leading India's quest for nuclear weapons requirements, observed that extreme care is needed in fully activating a new submarine's reactor to establish total safety parameters.

"It is the first baby we are nurturing," he said with optimistic caution.

Nuclear energy is amazing on the one hand as it can generate an endless supply of power and dangerous on the other if its production is not scientifically controlled and handled. The equipment on board a submarine and the men assigned to manage and handle it have to work in total sync and sensitivity. The margin for error is zero.

"So, it will be a careful, step-by-step operation and as soon as we are comfortable with the step-by-step established parameters, the submarine would set course for the sea for designated and pre-determined further trials," the distinguished scientist observed.

He said he did not want to put a time-frame but would expect it to "happen in a couple of months - say March".

Chander did not disclose details about INS Arihant's weapons, but it is understood that its four tubes are designed to launch 750-km range K-15 missiles and 3,500-km range K-4 missiles. Both these are nuclear tipped, capable of destroying any large city.

INS Arihant will carry 12 K-15 and four K-4 missiles. There is provision to launch non-nuclear tipped Brahmos supersonic cruise missile as well as the 1,000-km Nirbhay which can be configured for both nuclear and non-nuclear warheads, and has some loitering capability.

All these missiles have been tested successfully from underwater pontoons.

India is reportedly looking at three or four nuclear-propelled Arihant-class submarines and a larger number - 10 or 12 - of nuclear propelled attack submarines of a larger class. The latter, designated internationally as SSN boats, move fast along with Carrier Battle Groups (CBGs) while the nuclear armed boats like the Arihant, designated as SSBN, stay in hiding for three or four months as part of deterrence strategy. SSN boats carry submarine launched cruise missiles (SLCMs) like the Brahmos, or Nirbhay.

Technically, a nuclear boat can stay under water for very, very long periods but the limit to human endurance is generally put at about three months.

It may be noted that conventional diesel-electric boats can stay underwater for three days to a couple of weeks only, as they have to surface periodically to draw air to recharge their batteries.

The Indian Navy has some 45 vessels on order but at present, its submarine arm is very weak as the boats are old - acquired from mid-1980s - except for the nuclear-powered INS Chakra leased from Russia. INS Arihant has an 80 MW pressurised water reactor, based on Russian subs. Some of the crew trained by Russia for INS Chakra have reportedly been helping in the test procedures.

Notably, the navy is looking for three aircraft carriers in the coming years, and it is imperative to have nuclear-powered boats as part of the overall strategy. The carriers, which are like floating islands, themselves need 360 degree protection up, down, around and underwater and SSN boats are a basic requirement if a country goes in for CBGs.

Nuclear weapons can be launched from air, sea or land, and SSBN boats are hidden in ocean depths so that they can survive a nuclear attack by a hostile country, and then be able to take retaliatory action.

India has a declared No-First-Use (NFU) nuclear doctrine, which however promises massive punitive destruction in retaliation. Submarine-launched nuclear weapons are part of this strategy. Once INS Arihant is operational in 2015, India will then complete the nuclear triad of air, surface and underwater nuclear attack capability.

Nuclear weapons are under the tri-service Strategic Forces Command (SFC) and top level clearance is required from the government to launch them if ever needed.

 

[rajsking]

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-bNKLUXVBSM

In 1960s US made Goerge Washington class nuclear sub - weighing similar to INS Arihant 6000t.
it used to carry 16 missiles, each with 4000km range and equipped with 3x 200kT nuclear weapon.
INS Arihant can carry only 4 missile, each with 3500km range and supposedly equipped with ?x???kt nuclear weapon.

Even after 60 years, we will not be having anything comparable to it.

 

[pmaitra]

. . .

In 1960s US made Goerge Washington class nuclear sub - weighing similar to INS Arihant 6000t.
it used to carry 16 missiles, each with 4000km range and equipped with 3x 200kT nuclear weapon.
INS Arihant can carry only 4 missile, each with 3500km range and supposedly equipped with ?x???kt nuclear weapon.

Even after 60 years, we will not be having anything comparable to it.

INS Arihant is 6000 tonnes displacement, and George Washington class is 6000 tons.

6000 tonnes ≠ 6000 tons

Also, 6000 tons = 6000 long tons or 6000 tons = 6000 short tons. It is unclear.

Arihant is made to go to greater depths so that it can hide undetected under the thermoclines. George Washington was not able to go that deep. That means, heavier and thicker metal cladding was used in Arihant, thus reducing its missile carrying payload.

 

[ladder]

INS Arihant is 6000 tonnes displacement, and George Washington class is 6000 tons.

6000 tonnes ≠ 6000 tons

Also, 6000 tons = 6000 long tons or 6000 tons = 6000 short tons. It is unclear.

Arihant is made to go to greater depths so that it can hide undetected under the thermoclines. George Washington was not able to go that deep. That means, heavier and thicker metal cladding was used in Arihant, thus reducing its missile carrying payload.

Sir, first thing is that the exact displacement of INS Arihant is not known. Also it's unimaginable that the submarine would be of exact 6000 tonnes,
So, long tons or short tones or metric tonnes, argument is immaterial.
Both belong to near about same disp. which the poster meant.
But even if we argue the diff. between a long ton and short tons
For 1 long ton = 2240 pounds
for 1 short ton = 2000 pounds
For 1 metric tonnes = 2204 pounds
for a class of 6000 tonnes the difference would be maximum 1440000 pounds ( long ton -short ton)
Which is around 654 metric tonnes.

=================

So, the main difference is INS Arihant's modern technology, sea keeping abilities and other factors and operation principle of IN. Rather than tonnage.

 

[sayareakd]

Agni-5 to be ready for induction in armed forces by next year | The Indian Express

The head of the defence research agency also said that sea trials of the indigenously built nuclear submarine INS Arihant would begin in the next "one or two months" and the under-water missile BO-5 would be fired from it during that process.

they are not taking any chances................... good luck guys...........:thumb:

 

[arnabmit]

So, 3-4 SSBN of the Arihant class in the 6000 MT range displacement, and 10-12 SSGN of a larger class maybe in the 8000 MT range displacement.

:shocked: Pretty impressive I must say! That would mean 12-16 SLIRBMs on deterrence petrol max. IMHO for effective deterrence there should be minimum 6x6=36 on deterrence petrol. That is, 6 boomers with 6 launch tubes each.

Hope once the bigger boats come to play, they are delegated to the SSBN role with the Arihant class relegated to SSGN role. Each Arihant today can carry 4x4=16 CMs of Brahmos & Nirbhay class, but can carry only 4 K-4/K-5.

So I would say that the most cost effective combination would be to build 12 of the Arihant class, reserve half for SSBN role & half for SSGN role for now. Once the bigger class is commissioned with 6-8 launch tubes, build 6 of them and dedicate them to SSBN role and convert the earlier 6 Arihant SSBNs to pure SSGNs.

Only thing is that we would also need around 30-36 AIP SSK to guard the littoral EEZ of mainland India, A&N & LD, which remains a distant dream.

India is reportedly looking at three or four nuclear-propelled Arihant-class submarines and a larger number - 10 or 12 - of nuclear propelled attack submarines of a larger class. The latter, designated internationally as SSN boats, move fast along with Carrier Battle Groups (CBGs) while the nuclear armed boats like the Arihant, designated as SSBN, stay in hiding for three or four months as part of deterrence strategy. SSN boats carry submarine launched cruise missiles (SLCMs) like the Brahmos, or Nirbhay.

India's first indigenous n-submarine to operate from 2015 | UCAN India

 

[y_raj]

Hi all
Isn't there some doctrine according to which we keep out warheads disassembled? In that case, will the warheads be mated on the missiles onboard the SSBN, or will they be armed with fully ready nuclear missiles only in case of an imminent emergency?

 

[sayareakd]

Hi all
Isn't there some doctrine according to which we keep out warheads disassembled? In that case, will the warheads be mated on the missiles onboard the SSBN, or will they be armed with fully ready nuclear missiles only in case of an imminent emergency?

its called hot trigger alert mode. Means it will be ready to fire nukes.

 

[lookieloo]

Hi all
Isn't there some doctrine according to which we keep out warheads disassembled?

That's impossible on an SSBN. I can't speak to Indian methods of control, but all US weapons have something called a Permissive Action Link. This can be something as simple as a combination lock on the launch-keys, or can be something more advanced. Basically, the idea is to inhibit a weapon's function without authorization from a designated authority (in our case, the POTUS). It's not an easy system to implement, and may cause delay at a critical moment; but the benefits outweigh the risks, especially with SSBNs, which are intended as second-strike weapons anyways (no need for instant response). Of course, military leadership can still circumvent such rules; for example, the PAL-code for Minuteman ICBMs was quietly set to "00000000" until 1977. There's also the matter of carelessness; in one case, in was found that the only control on "cocked" West German F-86s (jets manned on the ramp with armed nuclear weapons mounted) was a teenage American Army Private with a rifle, no radio, and no instructions on what he should do if the planes started moving.

Interestingly, UK SSBNs don't use PALs of any kind. Theoretically, a British crew could launch its weapons whenever it wants.

 

[ladder]

To build its own nuclear submarine India spent about three billion dollars. According to some reports , currently in shipbuilding center " Visakhapatnam " built two more ships of the same class , the number of which in the future will be increased to five units .

This is what I obtained from translation of below article.

США ПРОДОЛЖАЮТ РЕАЛИЗОВЫВАТЬ ПЛАНЫ ПО СОЗДАНИЮ ПРО Ð’ ЕВРОПЕ | Во славу Родины – Свежий выпуск

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Do we have any Indian source confirming that Arihant class will have 5 submarines instead of 3?