This so called agricultural powerhouse had become a net agricultural importer since Meiji Restoration which was 1860-1890.
On the contrast, Japanese farmers have been overprotected by their government. Without government subsidies, they would have been bankrupted long time ago. Just look at the picture below:
View attachment 199212
In the TPP negotiation, one of most important compromise Japan made was to open its agricultural market.
Well - a few points
(1) going by the numbers cited by you Japan was food sufficient before the Meiji restoration - to go from there to 75% deficient is quite a change
(2) who cares what rice or anything else costs - as long as the population can afford it -
in fact better that it costs more - people value it then & there is less overpopulation
(3) it is good for society to have your own farmers - for many reasons - & for Japan may reverse population decline since farmers tend to have more kids
(4) according to wiki Japan had a vast surplus of rice in recent years when the gov was giving incentives for rice production...
So perhaps my choice of words was vastly exaggerated but Japan could feed itself at some point in the past.....
Though historically they did seem to eat a lot of ocean fish .... those stocks seem to be depleting due to overfishing by the Chinese - I expect even in Japan's and everyone elses EEZ
Regarding fish... I always wondered why the Japanese wanted to hunt those whales and the Goras wanted to stop them from doing so... especially since the Japanese do not even eat whale..
perhaps because those whales sit on top of the food chain and eat lots of fish... that the Japanese would rather eat themselves (my speculation)
funny thing is that the Goras hunted whales extensively using that blubber oil to light lamps or whatever
- and once they started digging it out the ground (fossil oil) it suddenly became really really bad to hunt whale