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Now, we examine the life history of some very famous "scientists" of the so called islamic “Golden Age” to evaluate historical truth whether these muslim-born freethinkers were true believers of islam? No they were not.We will also examine whether the core teachings of islam had anyway influenced or contributed (as erroneously believed by most muslims) to the success of medieval muslim/Kafir scientists. The bottomline being all of these famous scientists hated cult of islam were persecuted because of free thought and rational thinking.
Al-Battani (853–929) –who belonged to the star-worshipping Sabian sect of Mesopotamia. (He was not, however, a believer in the Sabian religion and his name indicates that his family was muslim.
His biographers described him as a famous observer and a leader in geometry, theoretical and practical astronomy, and astrology. His al-Zij al-Sabi is a very influential work on astronomy, influenced by Ptolemy’s Almagest. Only one Latin translation of his Zij is extant. It was carried out by Plato of Tivoli a 12th C. translator working in Barcelona, in the Ebro valley region. Among the many treatises he translated, dealing with astronomy, astrology, alchemy and mathematics.
The Greeks were first to elevate trigonometry to the level of an independent branch of mathematics. Greek trigonometers such as Pythagorus, Euclid, and Aristarchus advanced trigonometric theory and also championed new practical uses. Maybe the most ambitious of these uses were Erastosthenes's calculation of the circumference of Earth and Hipparchus's determination of the distance of the Moon from Earth. In both cases, the final results were surprisingly close to current accepted values, in spite of the crude instruments used at the time.
In BHARATA , the Hindus made further advances during and after the fifth century. These advances included the construction of some early trigonometric tables and, more important, the invention of a new numbering system that made calculating much simpler. HINDU mathematicians based their version of trigonometry on variants of the sine function. The Hindu system led not only to the sine function, but to the cosine, tangent, and other familiar trigonometric functions we use today.
During their centuries of contact with the Greeks and Hindus, Arabic mathematicians adopted many of their mathematical discoveries. Among prominent Arabic mathematicians who helped translate Hindu mathematical texts or introduced Hindu mathematics to the Arabs were al-Battani (c. 850-929), Abu al-Wafa (940-998), and al-Biruni (973-?). Al-Battani adapted Greek trigonometry and astronomical observations to make them more useful. Al-Biruni was among the first to use the sine function in astronomy and geography, and Abu al-Wafa helped apply spherical trigonometry to astronomy, among other important contributions.
Al-Battani (853–929) –who belonged to the star-worshipping Sabian sect of Mesopotamia. (He was not, however, a believer in the Sabian religion and his name indicates that his family was muslim.
His biographers described him as a famous observer and a leader in geometry, theoretical and practical astronomy, and astrology. His al-Zij al-Sabi is a very influential work on astronomy, influenced by Ptolemy’s Almagest. Only one Latin translation of his Zij is extant. It was carried out by Plato of Tivoli a 12th C. translator working in Barcelona, in the Ebro valley region. Among the many treatises he translated, dealing with astronomy, astrology, alchemy and mathematics.
The Greeks were first to elevate trigonometry to the level of an independent branch of mathematics. Greek trigonometers such as Pythagorus, Euclid, and Aristarchus advanced trigonometric theory and also championed new practical uses. Maybe the most ambitious of these uses were Erastosthenes's calculation of the circumference of Earth and Hipparchus's determination of the distance of the Moon from Earth. In both cases, the final results were surprisingly close to current accepted values, in spite of the crude instruments used at the time.
In BHARATA , the Hindus made further advances during and after the fifth century. These advances included the construction of some early trigonometric tables and, more important, the invention of a new numbering system that made calculating much simpler. HINDU mathematicians based their version of trigonometry on variants of the sine function. The Hindu system led not only to the sine function, but to the cosine, tangent, and other familiar trigonometric functions we use today.
During their centuries of contact with the Greeks and Hindus, Arabic mathematicians adopted many of their mathematical discoveries. Among prominent Arabic mathematicians who helped translate Hindu mathematical texts or introduced Hindu mathematics to the Arabs were al-Battani (c. 850-929), Abu al-Wafa (940-998), and al-Biruni (973-?). Al-Battani adapted Greek trigonometry and astronomical observations to make them more useful. Al-Biruni was among the first to use the sine function in astronomy and geography, and Abu al-Wafa helped apply spherical trigonometry to astronomy, among other important contributions.
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