CNSA news, Updates and Discussions

[skywatcher]

Chinese launch schedule for the rest of the year(Updated as of 5 March 2021)

Long March:
A CASC Long March 7A rocket will launch a new techonology experiment satellite 6-02 in 12 Mar 2021.
A CASC Long March 4C rocket wll launch a Gaofen-12-02 satellite from Jiuquan on 14 Mar 2021.
A CASC Long March 6 rocket will launch Qilu-1/4 satellites from Taiyuan on 25 Mar 2021.
A CASC Long March 5B rocket will launch the Chinese Space Station(CSS) core module "Tianhe" from Wenchang in Apr 2021
A CASC Long March 7 rocket will launch the Tianzhou 2 cargo delivery ship to the Chinese Space Station from Wenchang in Apr 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch Tianhui-3 SAR satellite from Xichang in May 2021.
A CASC Long March 2F rocket will launch the Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft with 3 crews to the Chinese Space Station from Jiuquan in June 2021
A CASC Long March 7 rocket will launch the Tianzhou 3 cargo delivery ship to the Chinese Space Station from Wenchang in August 2021
A CASC Long March 2F rocket will launch the Shenzhou 13 manned spacecraft with 3 crews to the Chinese Space Station from Jiuquan in Sept 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Gaofen 3-02 SAR satellite in Q1 2021
A CASC Long March 6 rocket will launch a Earth Science Satellite in June 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Gaofen 3-03 SAR satellite in Q2 2021
******************************************************************************************************
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch a Fenyun 4B meteorological satellite in on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Fenyun 3E meteorological satellite in on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 6A rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch a Zhongxing 6-D communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch a Zhongxing 9-D communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a Zhongxing 19 communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a Zhongxing 26 communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Tianlian 1-05 relay satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a Tianlian 2-02 relay satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch two XX satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Beidou-3 global navigation MEO-25 satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Beidou-3 global navigation MEO-26 satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Beidou-3 global navigation MEO-27 satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a new techonology experiment satellite 7-01 on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 2D rocket will launch a Gaofen 9-06 Earth observation satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4B rocket will launch a Haiyang 2D oceanography satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Gaofen 5-02 Earth observation satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a L-band differential interferometric binary satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a Greenhouse Gas Detection satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch the Zhuhai 1 constellation satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 6 rocket will launch the Qilu 1 constellation satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 2D rocket will launch a Zhangheng 1 Electromagnetic monitoring satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4B rocket will launch a Ziyuan 1-02E Earth Obersvation satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 6 rocket will launch a Ningxia 1 Group 02 remote sensing satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 2D rocket will launch a Shijian 19 satellite for unknown purposes on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch the Solar h α spectroscopic detection of double hyperstandard satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021

An CASIC Kuaizhou 1A rocket will launch Gaofen-02D rocket on XX April 2021.
An CASIC Kuaizhou 1A rocket will launch Gaofen-02F rocket on XX XX 2021.
An CASIC Kuaizhou 1A rocket will launch Gaofen-02F rocket on XX XX 2021.
A CASC Smart Dragon-1 rocket will launch Hainan-1 Group 01 satellites from Wenchang on XX July 2021.
A CAS Zhongke-1A rocket will launch XX satellites in Sept 2021.

Private:
A LandSpace Zhuque-2 will launch XX satellites in Q3 2021.
A LandSpace Zhuque-2 will launch XX satellites in Q4 2021.
An iSpace Hyerpobla-1 will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021.
A Galactic Energy Ceres-1 rocket will launch Fanzhou-2F satellite in May 2021.



The list will be updated by time and only for reference.

 

[skywatcher]

Chinese launch schedule for the rest of the year(Updated as of 5 March 2021)

Long March:
A CASC Long March 7A rocket will launch a new techonology experiment satellite 6-02 in 12 Mar 2021.
A CASC Long March 4C rocket wll launch a Gaofen-12-02 satellite from Jiuquan on 14 Mar 2021.
A CASC Long March 6 rocket will launch Qilu-1/4 satellites from Taiyuan on 25 Mar 2021.
A CASC Long March 5B rocket will launch the Chinese Space Station(CSS) core module "Tianhe" from Wenchang in Apr 2021
A CASC Long March 7 rocket will launch the Tianzhou 2 cargo delivery ship to the Chinese Space Station from Wenchang in Apr 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch Tianhui-3 SAR satellite from Xichang in May 2021.
A CASC Long March 2F rocket will launch the Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft with 3 crews to the Chinese Space Station from Jiuquan in June 2021
A CASC Long March 7 rocket will launch the Tianzhou 3 cargo delivery ship to the Chinese Space Station from Wenchang in August 2021
A CASC Long March 2F rocket will launch the Shenzhou 13 manned spacecraft with 3 crews to the Chinese Space Station from Jiuquan in Sept 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Gaofen 3-02 SAR satellite in Q1 2021
A CASC Long March 6 rocket will launch a Earth Science Satellite in June 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Gaofen 3-03 SAR satellite in Q2 2021
******************************************************************************************************
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch a Fenyun 4B meteorological satellite in on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Fenyun 3E meteorological satellite in on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 6A rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch a Zhongxing 6-D communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch a Zhongxing 9-D communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a Zhongxing 19 communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a Zhongxing 26 communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Tianlian 1-05 relay satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a Tianlian 2-02 relay satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch two XX satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Beidou-3 global navigation MEO-25 satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Beidou-3 global navigation MEO-26 satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Beidou-3 global navigation MEO-27 satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a new techonology experiment satellite 7-01 on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 2D rocket will launch a Gaofen 9-06 Earth observation satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4B rocket will launch a Haiyang 2D oceanography satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Gaofen 5-02 Earth observation satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a L-band differential interferometric binary satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a Greenhouse Gas Detection satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch the Zhuhai 1 constellation satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 6 rocket will launch the Qilu 1 constellation satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 2D rocket will launch a Zhangheng 1 Electromagnetic monitoring satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4B rocket will launch a Ziyuan 1-02E Earth Obersvation satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 6 rocket will launch a Ningxia 1 Group 02 remote sensing satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 2D rocket will launch a Shijian 19 satellite for unknown purposes on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch the Solar h α spectroscopic detection of double hyperstandard satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021

An CASIC Kuaizhou 1A rocket will launch Gaofen-02D rocket on XX April 2021.
An CASIC Kuaizhou 1A rocket will launch Gaofen-02F rocket on XX XX 2021.
An CASIC Kuaizhou 1A rocket will launch Gaofen-02F rocket on XX XX 2021.
A CASC Smart Dragon-1 rocket will launch Hainan-1 Group 01 satellites from Wenchang on XX July 2021.
A CAS Zhongke-1A rocket will launch XX satellites in Sept 2021.

Private:
A LandSpace Zhuque-2 will launch XX satellites in Q3 2021.
A LandSpace Zhuque-2 will launch XX satellites in Q4 2021.
An iSpace Hyerpobla-1 will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021.
A Galactic Energy Ceres-1 rocket will launch Fanzhou-2F satellite in May 2021.



The list will be updated by time and only for reference.

Mistakes and typos corrected.

Chinese launch schedule for the rest of the year(Updated as of 5 March 2021)

State-owned:
A CASC Long March 7A rocket will launch a XJY-6-02 on 12 Mar 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket wll launch a Gaofen-12-02 satellite from Jiuquan on 14 Mar 2021
A CASC Long March 6 rocket will launch Qilu-1/4 satellites from Taiyuan on 25 Mar 2021
A CASC Long March 5B rocket will launch the Chinese Space Station(CSS) core module "Tianhe" from Wenchang on 14 Apr 2021
A CASC Long March 7 rocket will launch the Tianzhou 2 cargo delivery ship to the Chinese Space Station from Wenchang in Apr 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch Tianhui-3 SAR satellite from Xichang in May 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch CASEarth satellite in June 2021
A CASC Long March 2F rocket will launch the Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft with 3 crews to the Chinese Space Station from Jiuquan in June 2021
A CASC Long March 7 rocket will launch the Tianzhou 3 cargo delivery ship to the Chinese Space Station from Wenchang in August 2021
A CASC Long March 2F rocket will launch the Shenzhou 13 manned spacecraft with 3 crews to the Chinese Space Station from Jiuquan in Sept 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Gaofen 3-02 SAR satellite in Q1 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch CO2 actively sensing satellite in July 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Gaofen 3-03 SAR satellite in Q2 2021
******************************************************************************************************
A CASC Long March 6 rocket will launch Qilu-3/4 satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch a Fenyun 4B meteorological satellite in on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Fenyun 3E meteorological satellite in on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 6A rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch a Zhongxing 6-D communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3B rocket will launch a Zhongxing 9-D communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a Zhongxing 19 communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a Zhongxing 26 communication satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Tianlian 1-05 relay satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a Tianlian 2-02 relay satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Beidou-3 global navigation MEO-25 satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Beidou-3 global navigation MEO-26 satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 3C rocket will launch a Beidou-3 global navigation MEO-27 satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch a new techonology experiment satellite 7-01 on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 2D rocket will launch a Gaofen 9-06 Earth observation satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4B rocket will launch a Haiyang 2D oceanography satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a Gaofen 5-02 Earth observation satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4C rocket will launch a L-band differential interferometric binary satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch the Zhuhai 1 constellation satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 2D rocket will launch a Zhangheng 1 Electromagnetic monitoring satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 4B rocket will launch a Ziyuan 1-02E Earth Obersvation satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 6 rocket will launch a Ningxia 1 Group 02 remote sensing satellites on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March 2D rocket will launch a Shijian 19 satellite for unknown purposes on XX XX 2021
A CASC Long March XX rocket will launch the Solar h α spectroscopic detection of double hyperstandard satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021
[Sea Launch]A CASC Long March 11 rocket will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021

An CASIC Kuaizhou 1A rocket will launch Gaofen-02D satellite on XX April 2021
An CASIC Kuaizhou 1A rocket will launch Gaofen-02F satellite on XX XX 2021
An CASIC Kuaizhou 1A rocket will launch Xingyun VDES satellites in first half 2021
An CASIC Kuaizhou 1A rocket will launch Xingyun VDES satellites in second half 2021
An CASIC Kuaizhou 11 rocket will launch XX satellite on XX XX 2021
A CASC Smart Dragon-1 rocket will launch Hainan-1 Group 01 satellites from Wenchang on XX July 2021
A CAS Zhongke-1A rocket will launch XX satellites in Sept 2021

Private:
A LandSpace Zhuque-2 will launch XX satellites in Q3 2021.
A LandSpace Zhuque-2 will launch XX satellites in Q4 2021.
An iSpace Hyerpobla-1 will launch XX satellites on XX XX 2021.
A Galactic Energy Ceres-1 rocket will launch Fanzhou-2F satellite in May 2021

The list is incomplete will be updated by time and only for reference.

 

[skywatcher]

JYJZ 10 ton thrust methalox engine multiple ignition+variable thrust test on 5 March 2021

JiuZhouYunJian http://www.jzyjspace.com/

 

[skywatcher]

JYJZ 10 ton thrust methalox engine multiple ignition+variable thrust test on 5 March 2021
View attachment 80484

JiuZhouYunJian http://www.jzyjspace.com/

video

 

[skywatcher]

video

previous test video on 7 Feb 2021(HD)

 

[skywatcher]

Chang'e 5 full scale mock-up

 

[skywatcher]

All orbital launches by country/region as of 4 March 2021. Each dot represents one launch.

 

[skywatcher]

8 March 2021
Long March 7A rocket rolled out today for March 12 mission

 

[skywatcher]

All 11 launches for China Manned Space(CMS) over the next 20 months

3 Long March 5B missions
Payload: Tianhe core module, Wentian Lab I, Mengtian Lab II

4 Long March 2F missions
Payload: Shenzhou 12 crewed spacecraft, Shenzhou 13 crewed spacecraft, Shenzhou 14 crewed spacecraft, Shenzhou 15 crewed spacecraft

4 Long March 7 missions
Payload: Tianzhou 2 cargo spacecraft, Tianzhou 3 cargo spacecraft, Tianzhou 4 cargo spacecraft, Tianzhou 5 cargo spacecraft

 

[skywatcher]

All 11 launches for China Manned Space(CMS) over the next 20 months

3 Long March 5B missions
Payload: Tianhe core module, Wentian Lab I, Mengtian Lab II

4 Long March 2F missions
Payload: Shenzhou 12 crewed spacecraft, Shenzhou 13 crewed spacecraft, Shenzhou 14 crewed spacecraft, Shenzhou 15 crewed spacecraft

4 Long March 7 missions
Payload: Tianzhou 2 cargo spacecraft, Tianzhou 3 cargo spacecraft, Tianzhou 4 cargo spacecraft, Tianzhou 5 cargo spacecraft


View attachment 80679

English version

 

[skywatcher]

Jupiter Mission by China Could Include Callisto Landing

China plans to select one of two Jupiter mission concepts that would launch in 2029 and arrive in 2035.

www.planetary.org

.

Jupiter Mission by China Could Include Callisto Landing

The country’s space agency hopes to end the decade by launching a spacecraft to Jupiter that could include a lander bound for the moon Callisto.

China has hinted before that it would like to send missions to the outer planets. Chinese scientists, working with European collaborators, are now solidifying plans for two distinct Jupiter mission concepts, one of which will likely move forward. Both seek to unravel mysteries behind the planet’s origins and workings using a main spacecraft and one or more smaller vehicles.

The competing missions are called the Jupiter Callisto Orbiter and the Jupiter System Observer, or JCO and JSO, respectively. Both would launch in 2029 and arrive in 2035 after one Venus flyby and two Earth flybys. JCO and JSO would study the size, mass, and composition of Jupiter’s irregular satellites—those captured by Jupiter rather than formed in orbit, and often in distant, elliptical and even retrograde orbits—complementing science conducted by NASA’s Europa Clipper and Lucy missions, as well as the European Space Agency’s JUICE mission.

Both JCO and JSO would possibly include CubeSats with particle and field detector payloads to perform the first multi-point study of Jupiter’s magnetic field.

Jupiter Callisto Orbiter
The Jupiter Callisto Orbiter would fly by several irregular satellites before entering a polar orbit around Callisto. This scenario includes a possible lander which, like the Chang’e lunar landers, would provide unprecedented insights into the moon’s formation and evolution.

Callisto is the outermost of the four Galilean moons. Its interior experiences less heating due to gravity from the other moons and Jupiter. It likely formed with leftover Jupiter material and has sat mostly dormant since, with only asteroid impacts to modify its surface. The moon thus preserves a history of the early Jupiter system and our solar system at large for a lander to study.

Callisto also has a thin atmosphere with small amounts of oxygen, increasing its scientific allure despite being less glamorous than fellow subsurface ocean moons Europa and Ganymede and volatile, active Io.

Callisto is also the least challenging Jovian moon to land on. A spacecraft requires less fuel to reach it, and it sits outside Jupiter’s intense radiation field.

Jupiter System Observer
The Jupiter System Observer would trade out a possible Callisto landing for a focus on Io. The spacecraft JSO would perform several Io flybys, studying how Jupiter’s gravity tugs on the moon to power its volcanic activity. JSO would also study the mass, density, dynamics and chemical and isotopic composition of irregular satellites and would provide insights into these unique remnants of Jupiter’s formation.

At the end of its tour JSO could be sent to orbit the Sun-Jupiter L1 point, where the planet’s gravity balances with the Sun’s in a way that spacecraft can remain there for long periods of time. From this unique perch where no spacecraft has ever visited, JSO could monitor the solar wind outside of Jupiter’s magnetic field, and survey the irregular Jovian moons from afar.

Will it happen?
Though both missions are ambitious, they have not come out of the blue. A white paper published in late 2016 stated that China will “conduct further studies and key technological research on the bringing back of samples from Mars, asteroid exploration, exploration of the Jupiter system and planet fly-by exploration.”

The JCO and JSO concepts are much more detailed and focused than those previously presented by Chinese scientists. Both build on the engineering successes of the country’s Chang’e missions and Tianwen-1, and are backed by leading, highly accomplished figures from China’s space science sector.

Nevertheless, both missions are ambitious. They require significant advances in electric propulsion, solar power, and spacecraft tracking and communications. Further workshops and meetings on scientific objectives and potential international cooperation are expected to be held by institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the International Space Science Institute in Beijing once COVID-19 pandemic restrictions ease.

The Jupiter mission has a tentative final name of Gan De, drawing on Chinese history like the country’s other space exploration missions. Gan was a Chinese astronomer born in the fourth Century BCE who made early detailed observations of Jupiter.

 

[skywatcher]

China, Russia enter MoU on international lunar research station

The Chinese and Russian space agencies signed a memorandum of understanding Tuesday on construction of an international lunar research station.

spacenews.com

China, Russia enter MoU on international lunar research station
by Andrew Jones — March 9, 2021

HELSINKI — The heads of the Chinese and Russian space agencies signed a memorandum of understanding Tuesday on cooperative construction of an international lunar research station.

Zhang Kejian, head of the China National Space Administration (CNSA), and Dmitry Rogozin, General Director of Roscosmos, signed the document during a virtual meeting March 9.

The International Lunar Research Station (ILRS) is described as a comprehensive scientific experiment base built on the lunar surface or on the lunar orbit that can carry out multi-disciplinary and multi-objective scientific research activities including exploration and utilization, lunar-based observation, basic scientific experiment and technical verification, and long-term autonomous operation.

Statements from Roscosmos and CNSA underline that the project will be “open to all interested countries and international partners.”

Though not explicitly stated it is understood that the ILRS would be constructed at the lunar south pole.

The releases also state that both sides will use their accumulated experience in space science, research and development and use of space equipment and space technology to jointly develop a road map for the construction of an international lunar scientific research station.

Roscosmos notes the prospect of a human presence on the moon following the robotic phase of the project.

The signing of the agreement had been expected, as reported by SpaceNews in February.

“This MoU fits the larger trend, which is Russia moving into a closer orbit with China,” Bleddyn Bowen, a lecturer in international relations at the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom, told SpaceNews in February.

China and Russia have previously signed agreements for cooperation on the Chang’e-7 and Luna 27 missions and a joint data center for lunar and deep space exploration.

The European Space Agency has also been involved in discussions, while recently having signed an MoU with NASA on the Gateway.

“At ESA we are following the Chinese lunar exploration plans very closely in order to see where our respective programmatic interest could meet, primarily the Chang'e-6, -7 and -8 missions but also the ILRS initiative”, Karl Bergquist, ESA’s international relations administrator, told SpaceNews last year.

Chinese, Russia moon plans
The ILRS concept is an evolutionary, expanded stage of Chinese lunar exploration following the approval of a first set of missions in the early 2000s. China has launched two lunar orbiters, a pair of lander and rover missions and, in late 2020, the complex Chang’e-5 lunar sample return mission.

Chang’e-6, a polar sample return mission, and the multi-spacecraft Chang’e-7 are scheduled for around 2023-2024. The later Chang’e-8 mission will be designed for in-situ resource utilization and 3D-printing technology tests, as well as life science related to potential long-term stays on the moon. These missions will form the robotic basis of the ILRS before expansion into a more long term base.

Russia is preparing to launch its Luna 25, Luna 26 and Luna 27 lunar lander missions across the 2020s.

The early stage ILRS would appear to consist of a number of discrete spacecraft, in contrast to a more complex, integrated program such as the International Space Station.

China is also developing capabilities for deep space human spaceflight. In May 2020 China tested a new generation crewed spacecraft and is also developing two separate super-heavy-lift launchers for space infrastructure and crewed missions.

A Chinese space station, with construction to begin as soon as April, is planned to bring China expertise and experience in human spaceflight operations ahead of potential crewed lunar missions.

 

[smooth manifold]

A Long March 4C rocket launched Yaogan-31 Group 03 satellites from Jiuquan on 24 Feb 2021.
It is the 361 flight of Long March series.

Orbital launches from Chinese launch centers: 393
(Long March/Kuaizhou/Smart Dragon/Kaituozhe/Hyperbola/Ceres)
Jiuquan - 139
Xichang - 153
Taiyuan - 89
Wenchang - 10
Sea Launches- 2

Coming up next:
A Long March 7A rocket will launch a XJY-6-02 satellite from Wenchang on 12 Mar 2021.

A Long March 7A rocket launched a classified XJY-6-02 satellite from Wenchang on 12 Mar 2021.
It is the 362 flight of Long March series.

Orbital launches from Chinese launch centers: 394
(Long March/Kuaizhou/Smart Dragon/Hyperbola/Ceres)
Jiuquan - 139
Xichang - 153
Taiyuan - 89
Wenchang - 11
Sea Launches- 2

Coming up next:
A Long March 4C rocket will launch Yaogao-31 Group 04 reconnaissance satellites from Jiuquan on 13 Mar 2021.

 

[smooth manifold]

A Long March 7A rocket launched a classified XJY-6-02 satellite from Wenchang on 12 Mar 2021.
It is the 362 flight of Long March series.

View attachment 81342

Orbital launches from Chinese launch centers: 394
(Long March/Kuaizhou/Smart Dragon/Hyperbola/Ceres)
Jiuquan - 139
Xichang - 153
Taiyuan - 89
Wenchang - 11
Sea Launches- 2

Coming up next:
A Long March 4C rocket will launch Yaogao-31 Group 04 reconnaissance satellites from Jiuquan on 13 Mar 2021.

A Long March 4C rocket launched Yaogao-31 Group 04 reconnaissance satellites from Jiuquan on 13 Mar 2021.
It is the 363 flight of Long March series.

Orbital launches from Chinese launch centers: 394
(Long March/Kuaizhou/Smart Dragon/Hyperbola/Ceres)
Jiuquan - 140
Xichang - 153
Taiyuan - 89
Wenchang - 11
Sea Launches- 2

Coming up next:
A Long March 4C rocket wll launch a Gaofen-12-02 Earth observation satellite from Jiuquan on XX March 2021.

 

[smooth manifold]

A Long March 7A rocket launched a classified XJY-6-02 satellite from Wenchang on 12 Mar 2021.
It is the 362 flight of Long March series.

View attachment 81342

Orbital launches from Chinese launch centers: 394
(Long March/Kuaizhou/Smart Dragon/Hyperbola/Ceres)
Jiuquan - 139
Xichang - 153
Taiyuan - 89
Wenchang - 11
Sea Launches- 2

Coming up next:
A Long March 4C rocket will launch Yaogao-31 Group 04 reconnaissance satellites from Jiuquan on 13 Mar 2021.

A Long March 4C rocket launched Yaogao-31 Group 04 reconnaissance satellites from Jiuquan on 13 Mar 2021.
It is the 363 flight of Long March series.

Orbital launches from Chinese launch centers: 394
(Long March/Kuaizhou/Smart Dragon/Hyperbola/Ceres)
Jiuquan - 140
Xichang - 153
Taiyuan - 89
Wenchang - 11
Sea Launches- 2

Coming up next:
A Long March 4C rocket wll launch a Gaofen-12-02 Earth observation satellite from Jiuquan on XX March 2021.

 

[skywatcher]

A Long March 4C rocket launched Yaogao-31 Group 04 reconnaissance satellites from Jiuquan on 13 Mar 2021.
It is the 363 flight of Long March series.

Orbital launches from Chinese launch centers: 394
(Long March/Kuaizhou/Smart Dragon/Hyperbola/Ceres)
Jiuquan - 140
Xichang - 153
Taiyuan - 89
Wenchang - 11
Sea Launches- 2

Coming up next:
A Long March 4C rocket wll launch a Gaofen-12-02 Earth observation satellite from Jiuquan on XX March 2021.

Mission insignia

 

[skywatcher]

size comparison of Long March 9 super heavy & Long March 5 heavy

 

[skywatcher]

All orbital launches by country/region as of 4 March 2021. Each dot represents one launch.
View attachment 80667

orbital launches from 1957 to 2019

 

[rockdog]

China's on a mission to dominate space internet

China's on a mission to dominate space internet

China is ramping up plans for satellite internet, taking on rivals like SpaceX and Amazon.

www.axios.com

China is ramping up plans for government-sponsored satellites to beam internet from space, taking on U.S. rivals like SpaceX and Amazon in the race to own the next frontier of connectivity.

Why it matters: There's growing concern that China is trying to enter the space internet market with the same strategy it used on earth with Huawei and 5G — use a state-backed company to undercut competitors and spread global influence.

What's happening: China is attempting to launch its own network to rival global competitors.

* China's "StarNet" would launch 10,000 satellites in the next 5 to 10 years, according to an Asia Times report that cites a publication run by the official China News Service.
* China intends to build a space infrastructure system for communications, navigation and remote sensing with global coverage as part of its latest five-year plan.

The big picture: Faster and cheaper technology has made satellite networks a more viable option for transmitting broadband.

* There's a huge demand for the service with 4 billion people worldwide lacking broadband access, many of them in hard-to-serve areas, spurring global interest in beaming internet from space.
* SpaceX is leading the way with its Starlink service, while Amazon's Project Kuiper also is working on a constellation of broadband satellites.
* The U.K. government is backing satellite broadband provider OneWeb and the European Union has announced plans for its own constellation.

What they're saying: "All these countries are doing this because it’s like the wide open frontiers of the 1800s, and the ideas of how best to exploit it are virtually unlimited at this point," said former FCC Commissioner Rob McDowell, who now represents clients in the industry.

* China's satellite network will be an extension of its telecommunications infrastructure, said Blaine Curcio, founder of Orbital Gateway Consulting who tracks China's space industry. "It's another tool in the toolbox of China building out its version of the splinter-net."

Flashback: Chinese telecommunications company Huawei became a global power player by providing low-cost equipment in other countries, prompting national security concerns in the U.S. over the Chinese government's potential access to communications data.

* "The United States companies have a lead in terms of deploying systems, but there's an expectation that the Chinese will deploy systems not seeking to provide service in China, but they're seeking to expand their sphere of influence," Satellite Industry Association President Tom Stroup told Axios. "And just as they did with Huawei equipment, there's the potential to do the same thing with satellite."

Our thought bubble: Axios China expert Bethany Allen-Ebrahimian notes that China could potentially use such a satellite network for mass data collection and surveillance of internet traffic.

What to watch: China is behind on satellite broadband, but if the Chinese deploy the Huawei playbook of offering cheaper and reliable equipment abroad, the U.S. will need an answer, notes Ainikki Riikonen, a research assistant for the Technology and National Security Program at the Center for New American Security.

* "It would have huge geopolitical benefits for China, especially if they can increase other countries' reliance on it to do installation and upkeep of information networks," Riikonen told Axios.

 

[Assassin 2.0]

Facts Speak Louder Than Words and Lies Will Collapse by Themselves, Part III

The Chinese government's rebuttal to the Cox Committee report on Chinese espionage, July 15, 1999

fas.org

Chinese Rocket Failure Plus Aftermath

Summary of event: On January 26, 1995, a Long March 2E rocket veered off course two seconds after take-off from Xichang space center and exploded, killing at least six on the ground. On February 14, 1996, a similar failure during the launch of Intels

www.military.com