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NEW DELHI: India's official unemployment rate was 3.8% for the last year and higher for urban than rural areas according to statistics released by the Labour Bureau on Tuesday. Goa, Kerala Bihar and West Bengal were among the states with high unemployment while Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and Punjab were among the states with low unemployment.
The 'Second Annual Employment and Unemployment Survey 2011-12', conducted by the Union Ministry of Labour and Employment's Chandigarh-based Labour Bureau covered 81,000 rural households and 47,000 urban households. It used the 'Usual Principal Status' - the majority of time in a one-year reference period - as its definition of employment.
The labour bureau's data once again points to a crisis in female employment. While official unemployment in India is lower than in the developed world, female labour force participation rates are extremely low. Only 17.9 per cent of women in urban areas are in the labour force as against 73.3 percent of men. Despite such low labour force participation among women, the rate of female urban unemployment is as high as 12.5 percent as against 3.4 percent for urban males.
Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Chhattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh have high female labour force participation, while the northern states - Punjab, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Uttarakhand - have the lowest female labour force participation.
The survey found that socially disadvantaged groups like scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other backward classes had a lower unemployment rate than the general category. Almost half of the employed are self-employed and a further third work as casual labour.
The primary sector - agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining - is still the biggest employer in India.
Unemployment lowest in Gujarat, highest in Goa - The Times of India
The 'Second Annual Employment and Unemployment Survey 2011-12', conducted by the Union Ministry of Labour and Employment's Chandigarh-based Labour Bureau covered 81,000 rural households and 47,000 urban households. It used the 'Usual Principal Status' - the majority of time in a one-year reference period - as its definition of employment.
The labour bureau's data once again points to a crisis in female employment. While official unemployment in India is lower than in the developed world, female labour force participation rates are extremely low. Only 17.9 per cent of women in urban areas are in the labour force as against 73.3 percent of men. Despite such low labour force participation among women, the rate of female urban unemployment is as high as 12.5 percent as against 3.4 percent for urban males.
Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Chhattisgarh and Andhra Pradesh have high female labour force participation, while the northern states - Punjab, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Uttarakhand - have the lowest female labour force participation.
The survey found that socially disadvantaged groups like scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other backward classes had a lower unemployment rate than the general category. Almost half of the employed are self-employed and a further third work as casual labour.
The primary sector - agriculture, forestry, fishing and mining - is still the biggest employer in India.
Unemployment lowest in Gujarat, highest in Goa - The Times of India
