Making India an Upper Middle Income Economy, a High Income Economy in long term

[FalconSlayers]

Unless oil economy comes to a end . And india becomes a export hub .

Oil is here to stay.

 

[HariPrasad-1]

Our GDP will be 3 trillion by 2022 March. 2 years me 5 trillion mitrooo.

Not 2 years but 3 years. Like 2021 means year end March 2022, 2024 means marvh 2025. I had said that it can be one year late in worst case scenario. I still holds that view.

 

[HariPrasad-1]

Rupee will never appreciate and its a known fact, it will only depreciate.

Check the INR vs USD between 2003 to 2009.

 

[HariPrasad-1]

Oil is here to stay.

We are net surplus exporter of petrolium products.

 

[HariPrasad-1]

Not considering wuhan wave #25645141 and associated lockdowns, yearly DILLI CHALLO protests by $OPPRESSED_GROUP choking the entire NCR area and the possibility of Babaji's Jhumla Party being replaced by some disgusting bhelpuri coalition consisting of the usual suspects and topped by Piddi as PM by 2024.

xyz trillion dollar economy should be the least of Bhajipao's priorities.
You cannot have economic development when the country is infested by 5th column elements.

I would say nothing here except repeating the word of Dr Kalam. "Whatever we have achieved in spite of so cold wrost political system is because of the vision of some visionaries" .I say we can achieve that in spite of all this fifth columnist who are taking their last breath.

 

[sunshine]

Check the INR vs USD between 2003 to 2009.

 

[HariPrasad-1]

View attachment 87768

can you please read once again what I had wrtten?

 

[no smoking]

can you please read once again what I had wrtten?

Sure, it rose from 47.51 (2003) to 39.98 (2008), good work. In the meantime, the trade imbalance increased from -4b to -62B, increased by 15 times in just 5 years. And then in next 12 years, Rupee slid into 72 (2019) and the trade imbalance has never gone back.

What is your point? India can appreciate her currency for a period of time?
Yes, but with what consequence?

 

[HariPrasad-1]

We will be at max 6-7 Trillion by 2030.

My prediction is 10 Tr USD in 2030-31.

 

[HariPrasad-1]

My prediction is 10 Tr USD in 2030-31.

China rose 5 time in 10 year. I say, we can rise 3.5 times in 10 years.

 

[RoaringTigerHiddenDragon]

These are the steps needed:

1. The combined budget of central and state government need to get to $1 trillion. Generating government revenues is very important.
2. The $1.4 trillion National Infrastructure Pipeline must be all invested in and a substantial amount spent by 2025 to get to $5-$6 trillion by 2026. As a comparison, we spent $1 trillion in the last 10 years on infrastructure.
3. Post 2025 we need to spend $3 trillion in 5 years to get close to $10 trillion economy by 2030-2035.

It all depends on whether the investment numbers can double like this. GDP is just a result of investments. So what everyone needs to be tracking is investing - or Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GCF). As a comparison, India's GCF to GDP is about 31% whereas CHina's is about 47%. The Chinese simply put in a lot lot more investment than we do into their economy. We need to get this investment rate up to 45% as well. For this efficient government revenue collection, savings from preventing infrastructure cost overruns by completing projects quickly, increasing exports two or three times, monetizing useless resources like gold - all become very very important.

IT is ALL about how much we can invest. More investment->more growth->greater the GDP. Simple, han?

 

[Indx TechStyle]

Why India needs a new economic model to transform into a high-income country

Building a new India will take much more than just an economic plan. So, the economy will be an outcome of transformations needed in other areas.
Synopsis
Making India a developed nation by 2047 is our second freedom struggle, and we must unite and work hard to get freedom from being a lower-middle-income country to become a ‘Viksit Bharat.’

India is at a point where every minute and every Indian matters for its future. We have an aspirational population with an average age below 30 years—what we often refer to as a demographic dividend. However, this is only a ‘demographic opportunity’ and we need to understand the urgency behind India’s ‘narrow window of opportunity.’ The next 25 years will be the last opportunity for India to become a developed country.

India never had a long-term plan, 25–50 or 100 years. If we look at the United States, it commissioned a report, ‘Technology and the American Economy,’ and released it more than half a century ago in February 1966, and today, the USA is the world leader in tech. In 1947, China was behind India in terms of GDP. In 1987, the nominal GDP of India and China was similar even in PPP terms. In the 1990s, China was only slightly ahead, and now three decades later, China is 5.46 times ahead (Statistics Times, 2021) - India’s GDP is $3.17 trillion, and China’s GDP is $17.73 trillion(Gupta R. P., Tough Choices & Hard Decisions: Rebuilding India the Next 25 Years, 2020). It’s worth looking at China’s investments in education and research and development (R&D), which is directly proportional to the economic growth it has witnessed. We are waking up late.

Earlier, being a lakhpati (having Rs hundred thousand) was considered ‘rich.’ Today, having a lakh rupee is not very significant. About 80 crore people whom we give free ration will be India’s future. They depend on India, but if we handle them well, India will depend on them. The key lies in how we handle these 80-crore people, which will decide the future of this country. These 80 crore will propel India to a sustained double-digit growth.

India @100 should be a land of abundance, opportunity, spirituality, and technology with happy citizens.

Next year we may face another financial crisis that has been building up. The foreign reserve can deplete faster than we can think. Exporters/Industry and the middle class will be hit. Worrying is that we are losing entrepreneurs who are moving out and creating wealth in foreign countries like Singapore, the USA, the U.K., and E.U. Earlier, people migrated because they did not have money or opportunities. Now people with money (HNIs) are leaving for greener pastures. So, India needs to be careful.

This calls for many systemic shifts and fundamental reforms to ensure exponential growth. Indians have the potential to transform India into a high-income country. We can be in the lower band of the high-income countries if we grow from the existing GNI per capita of $2000 to $23,000, and we could become a $37 trillion economy by 2047 if we grow at 10.50% per annum. However, if we want to be amongst the top rung of the high-income countries, we need to achieve a GNI per capita of $45,000, and we could become a $73 trillion economy by 2047 if we grow at 13.50% per annum. It is possible only if we plan carefully and apply forecasting and back-casting techniques.

We don’t need economic reforms but we need a new economic model. India should not repeat the mistakes of the west- of moving towards a market-driven model where the economy is the goal, whereas, in my view, the economy can never be a goal; it is an outcome! Hence, building a new India will take much more than just an economic plan. So, the economy will be an outcome of transformations needed in other areas. For that, we must embed culture & governance principles in every institution, or else the second law of thermodynamics will be at work - things move from order to disorder in a system.

Viksit Bharat Abhiyan has been ideated as a mission-mode project and must become a ground-level movement. If every Indian gives time to this project, we could secure the future of our families—our nation. Let us not forget if India has to become Aatma Nirbhar, we have to become AatmaNirbhar ( be driven by our conscience ). That’s why I say Viksit Bharat Abhiyan is a call of conscience for a call to action.

At Viskit Bharat Abhiyan, we are building a granular plan, and implementation has to happen simultaneously.

If we look at the ten building blocks of Viksit Bharat, vision comes first, as without having a vision, we will be directionless. This needs to be based on our culture and heritage, involvement of citizens, a mindset change (psychology), governance framework, environment sustainability plan, and backed by policies, processes and systems, institutions, infrastructure, and the final block – the tenth block that is the result of the first nine blocks will be economic progress.

India will become a developed nation through our decisions and actions. Making India a developed nation by 2047 is our second freedom struggle, and we must unite and work hard to get freedom from being a lower-middle-income country to become a ‘Viksit Bharat.’

 

[Indx TechStyle]

Quoted an old September 2022 article
High-Income Country By 2047: What Are The Challenges And How India Plans To Realise Its Goal
Before becoming a high-income economy, India will have to reach middle- and upper middle-income status first. Competitiveness diagnostics have listed a few challenges on the road to 2047.
A high-income status would mean becoming a $60 trillion economy, which would be 20 times the size of today.

India has overtaken the United Kingdom to become the fifth-largest economy in the world, according to the International Monetary Fund’s projections. Only the US, China, Japan and Germany are ahead of India currently. The projections were shared days after the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister (EAC-PM) released the Competitiveness Roadmap for India@100, which said India could become a high-income country by 2047 India.

However, though India is now the world's fifth largest economy, with a GDP of $2.7 trillion, it is currently classified as a lower middle-income country. To become a high-income economy, India will need to focus on sector-specific and region-specific policies, and manage a sustained growth rate of 7-7.5 per cent for the next 25 years, EAC-PM Chairman Bibek Debroy said while releasing the document late last month.

"Even if you have relatively conservative real rates of growth of 7-7.5 per cent, we will get to a per capita income of about USD 10,000. And you will get to a total size of the economy of a little less than USD 20 trillion in 2047," he said.

Before becoming a high-income economy, however, India will have to reach middle- and upper middle-income status first.

Looking Ahead: India@2047

What High-Income Status Would Mean

A middle-income status would make India a $7 trillion economy, which is 2.5 times the size of today. It would mean 80% high prosperity — on PPP terms — compared to where India stands today. The India@100 report says a high-income status would mean becoming a $60 trillion economy, which would be 20 times the size of today, and more than 2.5 times the current size of the US economy.

The Challenges Ahead

India has over the last 30 years achieved an average annual per capita growth rate above 3.5%, and during this period its five-year moving average annual prosperity growth rate never dropped below 2%, the India@100 report notes. The ambition to reach middle-income and eventually high-income status is still a high hill to climb.

The report says India needs to increase its labour productivity and labour mobilisation to become a middle income country. While the labour productivity rate is on track and will reach the level of other middle income countries by 2045, there has been a gap when it comes to mobilisation of labour. The report said a significant change is needed to achieve the outcome required to earn middle income. It will then require a dramatic increase in labour productivity to achieve further gains toward a high income status.

For the record, the labour productivity of high-income countries is about 3 times that of middle-income countries.

There are several challenges ahead. The competitiveness diagnostics have listed three particular ones — shared prosperity challenge, the jobs challenge, and the policy implementation challenge.

Also Read: '4S' Principles That Redefine India's Approach To Achieve Prosperity By 2047

Shared Prosperity Challenge: Inequality is one of the major issues that India needs to tackle to ensure an overall growth of the country. Acknowledging this as the first challenge, the India@100 report says all of India does not benefit from the gains achieved in aggregate, and a lot needs to be done on this front.

While India’s GDP has steadily grown, and the country has seen significant average prosperity growth over the years, all sections of society have not got a sufficient share of these gains.

“Inequality has been rising dramatically. The poor have seen their living conditions improve because of more effective policies to help those in need. But many of them are only slightly above the poverty line, and their gains disappeared during the pandemic. Most income gains were registered at the very top of the income distribution,” the report says.

While other countries also show these trends, India “stands out for the extent of this imbalance”.

The report notes that the government’s “Ease of Living” policy is a step towards shared prosperity, but data shows India is lagging behind on this front both on overall social progress and “specifically on areas related to environmental quality, health care, and inclusion”.

Large parts of India still remain unconnected to the modern economy, despite better basic services and improvement in infrastructure connectivity.

Jobs challenge: Lack of enough good jobs is the second key challenge listed by the competitiveness diagnostics. And this, the India@100 report says, is connected to shared prosperity because “job trajectories that allow growth in value creation over time are the key to sustained prosperity gains”.

With a steady rise in the number of working age population, India has a demographic opportunity that needs to be unlocked. “But job creation has essentially been flat over recent years, especially in those manufacturing and advanced service sectors that were supposed to drive growth,” the report notes.

Labour mobilisation is an area that needs focus because it has seen a dramatic decline over the last four decades. While much of the recent drop occurred among working-age men, a particular challenge, according to the report, is the low participation rate of the female labour force. Other countries have seen rising female participation as a key driver of growth.

Another big challenge is the fact that many existing jobs are informal and irregular in nature, and they give lower incentives to make investments into assets that would drive higher productivity, the report says.

Policy implementation challenge: The Indian economy opened to market forces, both internally and externally, in the early 1990s, creating many new opportunities. The focus has now broadened with infrastructure and skill upgrade, opening of domestic markets, ‘Ease of Doing Business’, and making the social policies more efficient, with the actions targeted at accelerating the economic performance of the country.

The outcomes, however, have fallen short. India has by and large failed to achieve the expected impact from its policies, and this is the third key challenge noted by the India@100 report.

Compared to the initial market opening reforms of the 1990s, the report says, the reforms needed and started over the last few years are “more demanding” in terms of their implementation. “They require action and often coordination across many different levels of government, as well as across functionally specialized ministries and agencies. Their impact often depends not simply on executing given policies uniformly across the country but on adapting them to the specific circumstances in each state, district, or city. This puts high demands on the capabilities of a much larger group of individuals across the public sector.”

Also Read: En Route Urbanisation: Nexus Between Infrastructure And Environment Key For India's Economic Growth

India@100 Strategy Suggests The Way Ahead

According to the India@100 report, the future performance of India will depend on how well it addresses today’s challenges, and also on how well it responds to the changes it will face on this front in the coming years.

“India needs to ensure that its policy choices are robust in view of these changes ahead, and are not based on outdated ideas of what it will take to achieve economic development,” it says.

A transparent articulation of the economic development goals is what India should base its strategy on to make it effective. "These goals should outline an ambition that is bold, energizing, and reflective of the aspirations of the country," the report says.

An integration of all social and economic development agendas should be the first pillar of the new development approach, it says, adding that the India@100 strategy views these agendas as fundamentally connected. "Economic growth that does not achieve social development fractures society and ultimately erodes the very foundations of prosperity. Social progress that is not conducive to economic development becomes economically unsustainable."

'Structural Transformation 2.0' has been stated as the second pillar of the new development approach as the India@100 strategy says the old model of industrialisation has limited economic power. 'Structural Transformation 2.0' will see how individual sectors will contribute to job creation and growth, aligned with the global economy.

While the cometitiveness roadmap has written down the guiding principles to steer India towards 2047, the India@100 strategy "translates guiding principles into prioritised policy action". The first set of policies, according to it, focuses on enabling competitive jobs that will let earn wages in the marketplace, support the employees' livelihood, and provide opportunities to develope capabilities and productivity.

Enabling the growth of competitive firms is what the second set of policies is focused on. If India cannot enable more productive firms to emerge and grow, no sustainable job creation will be possible after all, the report notes.

There is a third set of policies that is focused on creating a "competitive government" that is able to "design and implement the policies needed for competitive firms to create competitive jobs".

Also Read: India Has 52 Ministries, 57 Depts — What Should Be Done To Achieve 'Minimum Govt, Maximum Governance' Goal?

 

[Indx TechStyle]

From ORF
India’s rising population and urbanisation

11 July 2023

• RAMANATH JHA

Let World Population Day be a conscious reminder that India must offer a better future for its citizens by investing in decentralised urbanisation.

The annual observance of World Population Day on 11 July refreshes our memories both regarding mankind’s achievements and the challenges ahead for it. There is no doubt whatsoever that those that are born today survive better and live longer than ever before, thanks to improved medicines and superior healthcare. However, humankind confronts mixed existential signals, with the world population reaching 8 billion, the largest number ever. Some fear, and not without reason, that the world is overcrowded and the earth’s resources are being stretched much beyond anyone’s comfort. On the other hand, there are countries where birth rates are falling alarmingly, and populations are ageing unsustainably, raising concerns about an uncertain future. To complicate matters, we have the spectre of climate change, the resultant floods, heat waves, and climate extremes, continuing conflicts and the threat of pandemics that raise the dread of a worsening future.
Alongside, the world is getting increasingly urbanised, with great disparities in the pace and intensity of urbanisation across countries. The developed world or the high-income countries are at the end of the urban journey, having already substantially urbanised—about 80 percent or more; the middle-income countries are in the middle and moving towards greater urbanisation—50 percent and beyond. However, the developing countries, around one-third urbanised, are generally experiencing greater urbanisation at varied speeds. Demographic statistics indicate that two-thirds of the world’s population will reside in cities by 2050. Consequently, the quality of life in cities will overwhelmingly determine the future human quality of life. While efforts to prevent unwanted births would continue, overall human attention must be riveted towards providing quality life to the living. As the UN Secretary-General stated, “Reaching a global population of eight billion is a numerical landmark, but our focus must always be on people”.
World Population Day reminds India that all the above-cited concerns also apply here. India has crossed the 1.4 billion mark to become the most populous country in the world, overtaking China; this number is still swelling. Besides, climate change threat that is ravaging human settlements in the country. And we have just overcome the COVID-19 pandemic and paid a heavy price in terms of lives and the economy. Despite these setbacks, India has become an economic powerhouse in an economically depressing global scenario. At the forefront of India’s ongoing economic performance are India’s cities. With around 6 percent of the national geography and a little more than one-third population, cities generate around two-thirds of the nation’s economy. It is evident that India will continue to urbanise for several decades.

There are two essential questions for India on World Population Day 2023—how fast will India urbanise, and how will Indian cities provide a decent quality of life for their citizens?

In such a scenario, there are two essential questions for India on World Population Day 2023—how fast will India urbanise, and how will Indian cities provide a decent quality of life for their citizens? Both the questions have innate interlinkages—urbanisation catalyses the economy, fosters greater economic productivity, and puts more money in the hands of the people. If backed by good city infrastructure and services, the citizens can live a better life and be more productive.
However, India’s speed of urbanisation has been decidedly slow, clocking an average of around 2.3 percent per decade since 1951. An earlier ORF article demonstrated that the natural increase of population within existing cities as well as reclassification and mergers are not likely to quicken the urbanisation speed. Internal city multiplication, reclassification of settlements and mergers of urbanised rural areas into cities move at their own pace and are not really amenable to catalysts. It is primarily the rural-to-urban migration that possesses the potential to hasten the speed of urbanisation.
However, this stands impeded today because of an ‘urban destination deficit’—the lack of multiple cities spread over the country with robust economies and capacities to generate employment, offering viable migration destinations. Therefore, the government must look at ways in which rural-to-urban migration could happen at an accelerated pace. India’s urbanisation could gather pace if it has at least 500 cities with large economic profiles generating ample employment opportunities, thereby, attracting rural people to migrate to those cities in search of better lives and livelihoods. This will require investments in infrastructure and incentivising industries to set a base in those 500 cities.

A limited number of megacities and metropolitan cities have carried almost the entire migration burden.

A limited number of megacities and metropolitan cities have carried almost the entire migration burden. These cities have also cornered the bulk of government and private investment to become thriving urban economies. However, their demographic densities are unsustainable, severely straining infrastructure and services. Perpetual demographic growth has spelt disaster for them, particularly in Mumbai, Delhi, and Bengaluru, the three jewels in India’s economic crown. A conscious attempt to build many more such city economies through extensive and broad-based investments could have avoided this situation.
In the 1970s, the Government of India attempted to develop small and medium towns through its Integrated Development of Small and Medium Towns (IDSMT) scheme. The thinking behind the programme was sound. It postulated that a city’s economic efficiency declined beyond a population level, suggesting that further governmental and private investments should shift to other locations. Such redistribution of investment would also support healthy national characteristics such as population distribution and the spread of developmental goals, as suggested by the National Commission on Urbanisation (1988). However, the IDSMT was a feeble attempt with limited financial outlay. It did not have the strength to make an impression on a country as large as India. Subsequently, the scheme was wound up instead of strengthening the programme and pouring resources into it. The country today needs a better and updated version of IDSMT with a similar vision of decentralised urbanisation as the earlier one but a much larger outlay and vigorous and tight implementation time frame.
The absence of such a national programme and poor state partnership will damage India’s urbanisation and its most significant cities. The lack of new urban destinations will slow down India’s urbanisation, as evidenced in the past. At the same time, megacities will continue to unsustainably densify beyond their carrying capacities, leading to infrastructure inadequacies and failures and worsening liveability quotients. The megacities will generate more wealth, though with compromised productivity, but offer greater misery to the citizens. Accommodating every incoming individual into a city means carving out space for their multiple requirements—housing, workplace, recreation, education, healthcare, water, sanitation, and waste disposal. All this comes at the cost of the city’s environmental sustainability. Let World Population Day be a conscious reminder that India must offer a better future for its citizens by investing in decentralised urbanisation.

 

[shade]

From ORF
India’s rising population and urbanisation

11 July 2023

• RAMANATH JHA

Let World Population Day be a conscious reminder that India must offer a better future for its citizens by investing in decentralised urbanisation.
View attachment 214824


The annual observance of World Population Day on 11 July refreshes our memories both regarding mankind’s achievements and the challenges ahead for it. There is no doubt whatsoever that those that are born today survive better and live longer than ever before, thanks to improved medicines and superior healthcare. However, humankind confronts mixed existential signals, with the world population reaching 8 billion, the largest number ever. Some fear, and not without reason, that the world is overcrowded and the earth’s resources are being stretched much beyond anyone’s comfort. On the other hand, there are countries where birth rates are falling alarmingly, and populations are ageing unsustainably, raising concerns about an uncertain future. To complicate matters, we have the spectre of climate change, the resultant floods, heat waves, and climate extremes, continuing conflicts and the threat of pandemics that raise the dread of a worsening future.
Alongside, the world is getting increasingly urbanised, with great disparities in the pace and intensity of urbanisation across countries. The developed world or the high-income countries are at the end of the urban journey, having already substantially urbanised—about 80 percent or more; the middle-income countries are in the middle and moving towards greater urbanisation—50 percent and beyond. However, the developing countries, around one-third urbanised, are generally experiencing greater urbanisation at varied speeds. Demographic statistics indicate that two-thirds of the world’s population will reside in cities by 2050. Consequently, the quality of life in cities will overwhelmingly determine the future human quality of life. While efforts to prevent unwanted births would continue, overall human attention must be riveted towards providing quality life to the living. As the UN Secretary-General stated, “Reaching a global population of eight billion is a numerical landmark, but our focus must always be on people”.
World Population Day reminds India that all the above-cited concerns also apply here. India has crossed the 1.4 billion mark to become the most populous country in the world, overtaking China; this number is still swelling. Besides, climate change threat that is ravaging human settlements in the country. And we have just overcome the COVID-19 pandemic and paid a heavy price in terms of lives and the economy. Despite these setbacks, India has become an economic powerhouse in an economically depressing global scenario. At the forefront of India’s ongoing economic performance are India’s cities. With around 6 percent of the national geography and a little more than one-third population, cities generate around two-thirds of the nation’s economy. It is evident that India will continue to urbanise for several decades.

In such a scenario, there are two essential questions for India on World Population Day 2023—how fast will India urbanise, and how will Indian cities provide a decent quality of life for their citizens? Both the questions have innate interlinkages—urbanisation catalyses the economy, fosters greater economic productivity, and puts more money in the hands of the people. If backed by good city infrastructure and services, the citizens can live a better life and be more productive.
However, India’s speed of urbanisation has been decidedly slow, clocking an average of around 2.3 percent per decade since 1951. An earlier ORF article demonstrated that the natural increase of population within existing cities as well as reclassification and mergers are not likely to quicken the urbanisation speed. Internal city multiplication, reclassification of settlements and mergers of urbanised rural areas into cities move at their own pace and are not really amenable to catalysts. It is primarily the rural-to-urban migration that possesses the potential to hasten the speed of urbanisation.
However, this stands impeded today because of an ‘urban destination deficit’—the lack of multiple cities spread over the country with robust economies and capacities to generate employment, offering viable migration destinations. Therefore, the government must look at ways in which rural-to-urban migration could happen at an accelerated pace. India’s urbanisation could gather pace if it has at least 500 cities with large economic profiles generating ample employment opportunities, thereby, attracting rural people to migrate to those cities in search of better lives and livelihoods. This will require investments in infrastructure and incentivising industries to set a base in those 500 cities.

A limited number of megacities and metropolitan cities have carried almost the entire migration burden. These cities have also cornered the bulk of government and private investment to become thriving urban economies. However, their demographic densities are unsustainable, severely straining infrastructure and services. Perpetual demographic growth has spelt disaster for them, particularly in Mumbai, Delhi, and Bengaluru, the three jewels in India’s economic crown. A conscious attempt to build many more such city economies through extensive and broad-based investments could have avoided this situation.
In the 1970s, the Government of India attempted to develop small and medium towns through its Integrated Development of Small and Medium Towns (IDSMT) scheme. The thinking behind the programme was sound. It postulated that a city’s economic efficiency declined beyond a population level, suggesting that further governmental and private investments should shift to other locations. Such redistribution of investment would also support healthy national characteristics such as population distribution and the spread of developmental goals, as suggested by the National Commission on Urbanisation (1988). However, the IDSMT was a feeble attempt with limited financial outlay. It did not have the strength to make an impression on a country as large as India. Subsequently, the scheme was wound up instead of strengthening the programme and pouring resources into it. The country today needs a better and updated version of IDSMT with a similar vision of decentralised urbanisation as the earlier one but a much larger outlay and vigorous and tight implementation time frame.
The absence of such a national programme and poor state partnership will damage India’s urbanisation and its most significant cities. The lack of new urban destinations will slow down India’s urbanisation, as evidenced in the past. At the same time, megacities will continue to unsustainably densify beyond their carrying capacities, leading to infrastructure inadequacies and failures and worsening liveability quotients. The megacities will generate more wealth, though with compromised productivity, but offer greater misery to the citizens. Accommodating every incoming individual into a city means carving out space for their multiple requirements—housing, workplace, recreation, education, healthcare, water, sanitation, and waste disposal. All this comes at the cost of the city’s environmental sustainability. Let World Population Day be a conscious reminder that India must offer a better future for its citizens by investing in decentralised urbanisation.

Planned Cities banao, not "Smart Cities"

 

[FalconSlayers]

Planned Cities banao, not "Smart Cities"

EK hi baat hai, every new planned city is a smart city minus a few features.

 

[nongaddarliberal]

Summarizing my post from the Indian economy thread:

1) Proper urbanization, aim for 80% proper urban population
2) massive upgrade to education and skill development at scale, aligned with industry requirements with active inputs and apprenticeships
3) land + labour reform, cut red tape overall to Vietnam levels.
4) Bring R&D spending to 4% GDP from its present figure of 0.7%.

 

[ezsasa]

An estimated 135 million Indians exited multidimensional poverty between 2015-16 and 2019-21, with Bihar & UP together accounting for 56.8 million of them, a Niti Aayog report said.

 

[FalconSlayers]

India is still 5 years away from being an upper-middle income country

 

[FalconSlayers]

I guess doing this should be doable, 10.6% nominal won't be difficult.




Especially since technocrats are optimistic

India can grow consistently at 8% for next 20 years on current investment strategy: Vaishnaw

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Even if we assume it ends up being 6%, it still is great and doable.