Prior to the British era, India had its own system of education called Gurukul. However, due to the decline of Indian economy during the british rule[citation needed] there was a slow decline of gurukuls which depended largely on donations.
The British started a new style of education which was hugely inappropriate to the Indian condition. Children who usually took part leave during ripening season to help their parents were considered undisciplined. The mess created by British led to steady decline of the literacy rate of India. The following stats available however of the English educated Indians. Between 1881-82 and 1946–47, the number of English primary schools grew from 82,916 to 134,866 and the number of students in English Schools grew from 2,061,541 to 10,525,943. Literacy rates in accordance to British in India rose from 3.2 per cent in 1881 to 7.2 per cent in 1931 and 12.2 per cent in 1947.[2]
In 2000-01, there were 60,840 pre-primary and pre-basic schools, and 664,041 primary and junior basic schools.[32] Total enrollment at the primary level has increased from 19,200,000 in 1950-51 to 109,800,000 in 2001-02.[33] The number of high schools in 2000-01 was higher than the number of primary schools at the time of independence.[2][32]
In 1944, the Government of British India presented a plan, called the Sergeant Scheme for the educational reconstruction of India, with a goal of producing 100% literacy in the country within 40 years, i.e. by 1984.[34] Although the 40 year time-frame was derided at the time by leaders of the Indian independence movement as being too long a period to achieve universal literacy,[34] India had only just crossed the 74% level by the 2011 census.