India-interesting facts

RPK

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Religions of India 2001 census

Code:
Religion                     Population                          Percent   

All religions                1,028,610,328                    100.00% 
Hindus                      827,578,868                        80.456% 
Muslims                    138,188,240                        13.434% 
Christians                  24,080,016                          2.341% 
Sikhs                         19,215,730                         1.868% 
Buddhists                     7,955,207                         0.773% 
Jains                           4,225,053                         0.411% 
Others                         6,639,626                         0.645% 
Religion not stated           727,588                          0.07%
 

RPK

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Protected areas of India


As of May 2004, the protected areas of India cover 156,700 km², roughly 4.95% of the total surface area. India has the following kinds of protected areas, in the sense of the word designated by IUCN.


National Parks (IUCN Category II): India's first National Park was Hailey National Park, now Jim Corbett National Park, established in 1935. By 1970, India had 5 National Parks; today it has over 90.


Animal Sanctuary (IUCN Category IV): India has over 500 animal sanctuaries, referred to as Wildlife Sanctuaries. Among these, the 28 Tiger Reserves are governed by Project Tiger, and are of special significance in the conservation of the tiger. Some wildlife sanctuaries are specifically named Bird Sanctuary, eg. Keoladeo National Park before it attained National Park status. Many National Parks were initially Wildlife Sanctuaries.


Biosphere Reserve (UNESCO designation roughly corresponding to IUCN Category V): The Indian government has also established Biosphere reserves, which protect larger areas of natural habitat, and often include one or more national parks and/or preserves, along buffer zones that are open to some economic uses.


Reserved Forest and Protected Forest (IUCN Category IV or VI, depending on protection accorded): These are forested lands where logging, hunting, grazing and other activities may be permitted on a sustainable basis to members of certain communities. In reserved forests, explicit permission is required for such activities. In protected forests, such activities are allowed unless explicitly prohibited. Thus, in general reserved forests enjoy a higher degree of protection with respect to protected forests.


Conservation Reserve and Community Reserve (IUCN Category V and VI respectively): These are areas adjoining existing PAs, which are of ecological value and can act as migration corridors, or buffer zone. Conservation reserves are designated government owned land from where communities may earn a subsistence, while community reserves are on mixed government/private lands. Community reserves are the only privately held land accorded protection by the Government of India.


Village Forest and Panchayat Forest (IUCN Category VI): These are forested lands administered by a village or a panchayat on a sustainable basis, with the habitat, flora and fauna being accorded some degree of protection by the managing community.


Private protected areas: These are regions which are owned by an individual or an organization / corporation not affiliated to the government or a communal body. Even though Indian legislation does not provide for protection of such areas, some NGOs are using land trusts to help in the conservation effort, and providing limited means of protection.


Conservation areas: Conservation areas are large, well-designated geographical entities where landscape conservation is undergoing, and usually contains different kinds of constituent protected areas, as well as privately owned land.
 

A M J

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the statistics are quite old.
.
India's population is shown as 1.02 billion. But now its nearly 1.2 billion(including bangladeshis which will soon be throned as Indians).
 

RPK

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List of islands of India

Andaman Islands
Barren Island
Great Andaman
Little Andaman
Ritchie's Archipelago
Sentinel Islands
Islands of the Cauvery River
Srirangapatna
Shivanasamudram
Chorao, Goa
Diu
Divar, Goa
Lakshadweep
Majuli
Minicoy Island
Monroe Island, Kollam, Kerala
Islands of Mumbai Harbour
Butcher Island (Mumbai)
Cross Island
Elephanta Island
Middle Ground
Oyster Rock
Salsette Island
Nicobar Islands
Great Nicobar
Car Nicobar
Rameswaram
Sriharikota
Vashee, Goa
Vypin, Kochi, Kerala
Willington Island, Kochi, Kerala
Kavvayi
 
J

John

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Territorial Sea: 12 NM or 22.2 km

Contagious Zone: 24 NM or 44.4 km

Exclusive economic zone: 200NM or 370km

Continental Shelf : May 11, 2009 Claim has been submitted.

The outer boundary of the continental Shelf wont exceed beyond 658 km from the baseline of the Territorial seas.
 

F-14

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historical FACTS

India was one of the first in the world to issue passports (during the BIE (british indian Empier)

india was a founding member of the world council ( the fore runner of the UN )

During the British raj the territories from bruma to aden was ruled by GoI

the reserve bank of india was the offical banker for burma , India Proper and the persian gulf loitter states

the IAS is the oldest Civil service in Asia tracing its roots back to the 1600's as HMEICCS
 

IBM

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Religions of India 2001 census

Code:
Religion                     Population                          Percent   

All religions                1,028,610,328                    100.00% 
Hindus                      827,578,868                        80.456% 
Muslims                    138,188,240                        13.434% 
Christians                  24,080,016                          2.341% 
Sikhs                         19,215,730                         1.868% 
Buddhists                     7,955,207                         0.773% 
Jains                           4,225,053                         0.411% 
Others                         6,639,626                         0.645% 
Religion not stated           727,588                          0.07%


I think they r more sikhs than christian. i think they have not counted cut surds lolllllllll....
 

johnee

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I think they r more sikhs than christian. i think they have not counted cut surds lolllllllll....
Its an old consensus. I feel the percentages would vastly differ now. The missionaries have done a good job, and the percentage of Christians would definitely be more impressive than its present figure. Secondly, Muslims would also have higher percentage since they generally have bigger families compared to other religions.

So, on the whole, the percentage of Hindus would see a sharp decline and the percentage of Christians and Muslims would see a sharp increase, if we take a consensus now.
 

shravan

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Interesting Facts about India

* When many cultures were only nomadic forest dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established Harappan culture in Sindhu Valley (Indus Valley Civilization)

* The name 'India' is derived from the River Indus, the valleys around which were the home of the early settlers. The Aryan worshippers referred to the river Indus as the Sindhu.

* The Persian invaders converted it into Hindu. The name 'Hindustan' combines Sindhu and Hindu and thus refers to the land of the Hindus.

* Chess was invented in India.

* Algebra, Trigonometry and Calculus are studies, which originated in India.

* The 'Place Value System' and the 'Decimal System' were developed in India in 100 B.C.

* The World's First Granite Temple is the Brihadeswara Temple at Tanjavur, Tamil Nadu. The shikhara of the temple is made from a single 80-tonne piece of granite. This magnificent temple was built in just five years, (between 1004 AD and 1009 AD) during the reign of Rajaraja Chola.

* India is the largest democracy in the world, the 6th largest Country in the world, and one of the most ancient civilizations.

* The game of Snakes & Ladders was created by the 13th century poet saint Gyandev. It was originally called 'Mokshapat'. The ladders in the game represented virtues and the snakes indicated vices. The game was played with cowrie shells and dices. In time, the game underwent several modifications, but its meaning remained the same, i.e. good deeds take people to heaven and evil to a cycle of re-births.

* The world's highest cricket ground is in Chail, Himachal Pradesh. Built in 1893 after leveling a hilltop, this cricket pitch is 2444 meters above sea level.

* India has the largest number of Post Offices in the world.

* The largest employer in the world is the Indian Railways, employing over a million people.

* The world's first university was established in Takshila in 700 BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.

* Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to mankind. The Father of Medicine, Charaka, consolidated Ayurveda 2500 years ago.

* India was one of the richest countries till the time of British rule in the early 17th Century. Christopher Columbus, attracted by India's wealth, had come looking for a sea route to India when he discovered America by mistake.

* The Art of Navigation & Navigating was born in the river Sindh over 6000 years ago. The very word Navigation is derived from the Sanskrit word 'NAVGATIH'. The word navy is also derived from the Sanskrit word 'Nou'.

* Bhaskaracharya rightly calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the Sun hundreds of years before the astronomer Smart. According to his calculation, the time taken by the Earth to orbit the Sun was 365.258756484 days.

* The value of "pi" was first calculated by the Indian Mathematician Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century, long before the European mathematicians.

* Algebra, Trigonometry and Calculus also originated in India.Quadratic Equations were used by Sridharacharya in the 11th century. The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 10*53 (i.e. 10 to the power of 53) with specific names as early as 5000 B.C.during the Vedic period.Even today, the largest used number is Terra: 10*12(10 to the power of 12).

* Until 1896, India was the only source of diamonds in the world
(Source: Gemological Institute of America).

* The Baily Bridge is the highest bridge in the world. It is located in the Ladakh valley between the Dras and Suru rivers in the Himalayan mountains. It was built by the Indian Army in August 1982.

* Sushruta is regarded as the Father of Surgery. Over2600 years ago Sushrata & his team conducted complicated surgeries like cataract, artificial limbs, cesareans, fractures, urinary stones, plastic surgery and brain surgeries.

* Usage of anaesthesia was well known in ancient Indian medicine. Detailed knowledge of anatomy, embryology, digestion, metabolism,physiology, etiology, genetics and immunity is also found in many ancient Indian texts.

* India exports software to 90 countries.

* The four religions born in India - Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism, are followed by 25% of the world's population.

* Jainism and Buddhism were founded in India in 600 B.C. and 500 B.C. respectively.

* Islam is India's and the world's second largest religion.

* There are 300,000 active mosques in India, more than in any other country, including the Muslim world.

* The oldest European church and synagogue in India are in the city of Cochin. They were built in 1503 and 1568 respectively.

* Jews and Christians have lived continuously in India since 200 B.C. and 52 A.D. respectively

* The largest religious building in the world is Angkor Wat, a Hindu Temple in Cambodia built at the end of the 11th century.

* The Vishnu Temple in the city of Tirupathi built in the 10th century, is the world's largest religious pilgrimage destination. Larger than either Rome or Mecca, an average of 30,000 visitors donate $6 million (US) to the temple everyday.

* Sikhism originated in the Holy city of Amritsar in Punjab. Famous for housing the Golden Temple, the city was founded in 1577.

* Varanasi, also known as Benaras, was called "the Ancient City" when Lord Buddha visited it in 500 B.C., and is the oldest, continuously inhabited city in the world today.

* India provides safety for more than 300,000 refugees originally from Sri Lanka, Tibet, Bhutan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh, who escaped to flee religious and political persecution.

* His Holiness, the Dalai Lama, the exiled spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhists, runs his government in exile from Dharmashala in northern India.

* Martial Arts were first created in India, and later spread to Asia by Buddhist missionaries.

* Yoga has its origins in India and has existed for over 5,000 years.
 

RPK

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World Heritage Sites in India

Agra Fort, Agra, Uttar Pradesh (1983)
Ajanta Caves, Maharashtra (1983)
Fatehpur Sikri, Uttar Pradesh (1986)
Taj Mahal, Agra, Uttar Pradesh (1983)
Churches and Convents of Goa, Goa (1986)
Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh (1989)
Khajuraho Group of Monuments, Madhya Pradesh (1986)
Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka, Madhya Pradesh (2003)
Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park, Gujarat (2004)
Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai, Maharashtra (2004)
Elephanta Caves, Mumbai, Maharashtra (1987)
Ellora Caves, Maharashtra (1983)
Humayun's Tomb, Delhi (1993)
Great Living Chola Temples, Tamil Nadu (1987)
Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu (1984)
Group of Monuments at Hampi, Karnataka (1986)
Group of Monuments at Pattadakal, Karnataka (1987)
Kaziranga National Park, Assam (1985)
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary, Assam (1985)
Keoladeo National Park, Rajasthan (1985)
Konark Sun Temple, Konark, Orissa (1984)
Mahabodhi Temple Complex, Bodh Gaya, Bihar (2002)
Mountain Railways of India, including Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, Kalka-Shimla Railway, and Nilgiri Mountain Railway (1999)
Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Park, Uttaranchal (1988)
Red Fort, Delhi (2007)
Sundarbans National Park, West Bengal (1987)
Qutub Minar and its monuments, Delhi (1993)
 

RPK

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Rivers of India

Rivers flowing into Bay of Bengal
Subarnarekha
Kharkai
Karnaphuli River from Mizoram and Bangladesh
Meghna River from India and Bangladesh
Titas River in Tripura
Haora River in Agartala

Brahmaputra River Basin
Brahmaputra River
Lohit River
Burhidihing River, also called Noa Dihing in its earlier course through Namdapha National Park
Kameng River
Manas River
Sankosh
Yamuna
Teesta River
Rangeet River
Lachen River
Lachung River
Darla River in Bangladesh
Jaldhaka in Sikkim and West Bengal

Ganga River Basin
Ganges River
Hooghly River (distributary)
Jalangi River
River Churni
Ichamati River
Damodar River
Barakar River
Rupnarayan River
Ajay River
Mayurakshi River
Dwarakeswar River
Mundeswari River
Meghna River (distributary)
Padma River (distributary)
Budhi Gandak
Kosi River
Gandak at Patna
Son River
Koel River
Rihand River
Ghaghara River (Gogra) or Karnali River in Nepal
Yamuna River
Ban Ganga River
Betwa River
Dhasan River
Halali River
Kaliasote River
Sindh River
Kwari River
Pahuj River in Bhind District Madhya Pradesh
Chambal River
Banas River
Berach River
Ahar River
Kali Sindh River
Parbati River (Madhya Pradesh)
Shipra River in Ujjain
Gambhir River
Parbati River (Rajasthan)
Gomti River
Mahananda River
Mahakali River
Bhagirathi River
Alaknanda River
Gangi River
Beson River
Mangai River
Bhainsai River
Tamsa River
Karmanasha

West Bengal Coastal Rivers
Subarnarekha river
Kharkai River
Kangsabati River
Bhagirathi
Hughli

Mahanadi River Basin
Mahanadi River
Brahmani River
South Koel River near Rourkela
Sankh River
Devi River
Kusabhadra River
Daya River
Bhargavi River
Kadua River

Godavari River Basin
Godavari River in Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra states
Kolab River in Orissa State
Indravati River in Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra State and also in Chhattisgarh state [1]
Bandiya River in Gadchiroli
Pranahita River in Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra State and also in Andhra Pradesh state
Dina River in Gadchiroli
Wainganga River in Gadchiroli, Chandrapur, Nagpur, Bhandara, Gondiya districts of Maharashtra state and Balaghat District of Madhya Pradesh State
Sati River in Gadchiroli
Khobragadi River in Gadchiroli
Teepa River in Gadchiroli
Chulband River in Bhandara, Gondiya districts of Maharashtra state
Kanhan River in Nagpur
Nag River in Nagpur
Pench River in Nagpur
Kolhar River in Nagpur
Sur River in Bhandara, Nagpur districts of Maharashtra state
Bawanthadi River in Bhandara
Wagh River in Gondiya
Wardha River in Chandrapur, Yavatmal, Wardha, Nagpur, Amravati
Penganga River in Andhra Pradesh state and Chandrapur, Yavatmal, Nanded, Hingoli, Washim and Buldhana districts of Maharashtra State
Vidarbha River, Yavatmal in Yavatmal
Khuni River in Yavatmal
Waghadi River in Yavatmal
Arunavati River in Yavatmal, Washim
Adan River in Yavatmal, Washim
Kayadhu River in Nanded, Hingoli
Vena River in Wardha, Nagpur districts of Maharashtra state
Pothara River in Wardha
Lai River in Wardha
Bor River in Wardha, Nagpur districts of Maharashtra state
Yashoda River in Wardha
Dham River in Wardha
Bhakalee River in Wardha
Ramganga River in Yavatmal
Bembala River in Yavatmal, Amravati, Washim districts of Maharashtra state
Vidarbha River, Amravati in Amravati
Charghad River in Amravati and Madhya Pradesh State
Maad River in Amravati and Madhya Pradesh State
Manjra River in Bidar district of Karnataka State, Nizamabad district of Andhra Pradesh and Nanded, Latur, Osmanabad, Beed districts of Maharashtra State
Manhaad River in Nanded, Latur
Lendi River in Nanded, Latur
Terna River in Osmanabad, Latur
Tavarja River In Latur
Karanja River in Bidar, Latur
Devani River in Latur, Bidar
Kadakpurna River in Parbhani, Hingoli, Buldhana, Aurangabad districts of Maharashtra state
Dudhna River in Parbhani, Jalna, Aurangabad
Kelna River in Jalna, Aurangabad
Girija River in Jalna, Aurangabad
Kapra River in Parbhani district of Maharashtra state
Sindfana River in Beed
Bindusara River in Beed
Kham River in Aurangabad
Shivna River in Aurangabad
Pravara River in Ahmednagar
Mula River in Ahmednagar
Kadwa River in Nashik
Darna River in Nashik district of Maharashtra state
Mina River
Vel River
Andhra River
Kundali River
Dudhganga River
Panchganga River in Kolhapur district of Maharashtra state
Warna River
Yerla River
Koyna River in Satara district of Maharashtra state

Andhra Pradesh Coastal Rivers
Rivers like vamsadhara and nagavalli are the two coastal rivers in srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh

Sharada river starts at Devarapally in visakhapatnam district and drains in to the Bay of Bengal


Penner River Basin
Penner River

Kaveri River Basin
Kaveri River (Kaveri)
Kollidam (distributary)
Amaravati River
Arkavathy River
Mettur Dam
Bhavani River
Hemavati River
Kabini River

Tamil Nadu Coastal Rivers
Thamirabarani River
Palar River
Vaigai River
Vellar
Vasishta Nadi
Sweta Nadi

Rivers flowing into Arabian Sea

Karnataka Coastal Rivers
The rivers flowing through three coastal districts of Karnataka join Arabian sea.

Kali River
Netravati River
Sharavathi River
Aghanashini River
List of rivers of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts

Coastal rivers of Goa
Zuari River
Mandovi River
 

RPK

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Boundaries

Land boundaries: 14,103 km
Bangladesh 4,053 km
China 3,380 km including the territorial disputes along its border; McMahon Line
Pakistan including the disputed LoC is 2,912 km
Nepal 1,690 km
Burma 1,463 km
Bhutan 605 km
Coastline: Indian Ocean 7,000 km
 

prahladh

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the value of pi was calculated correctly upto the last decimal. very precise. IMO.
 

RPK

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India participates in the following international organisations

ADB-Asian Development Bank, AfDB-African Development Bank (nonregional members), ASEAN Regional Forum, ASEAN (dialogue partner), BIMSTEC-Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multisectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation , BIS-Bank for International Settlements, Commonwealth of Nations, CERN-European Organization for Nuclear Research (observer), CP-Colombo Plan, EAS, FAO-Food and Agriculture Organization, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA-International Atomic Energy Agency, IBRD-International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank), ICAO-International Civil Aviation Organization, ICC-International Chamber of Commerce, ICRM-International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, IDA-International Development Association, IFAD-International Fund for Agricultural Development, IFC-International Finance Corporation, IFRCS-International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, IHO-International Hydrographic Organization, ILO-International Labor Organization, IMF-International Monetary Fund, IMO-International Maritime Organization, IMSO-International Mobile Satellite Organization, Interpol-International Criminal Police Organization, IOC-International Olympic Committee, IOM-International Organization for Migration (observer), IPU-Inter-parliamentary Union, ISO-International Organization for Standardization, ITSO-International Telecommunications Satellite Organization, ITU-International Telecommunication Union, ITUC-International Trade Union Confederation (the successor to ICFTU (International Confederation of Free Trade Unions) and the WCL (World Confederation of Labor)), LAS-League of Arab States (observer), MIGA-Multilateral Investment Geographic Agency, MONUC-United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, NAM-Nonaligned Movement, OAS-Organization of American States (observer), OPCW-Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, PCA-Permanent Court of Arbitration, PIF-Pacific Islands Forum (partner), SAARC-South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation, SACEP-South Asia Co-opeative Environment Programme, SCO-Shanghai Cooperation Organization (observer), UN-United Nations, UNCTAD-United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, UNDOF-United Nations Disengagement Observer Force, UNESCO-United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, UNHCR-United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, UNIDO-United Nations Industrial Development Organization, UNIFIL-United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon, UNMEE-United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea, UNMIS, UNOCI-United Nations Operation in Cote d'Ivoire, UNWTO-World Tourism Organization, UPU-Universal Postal Union, WCL-World Confederation of Labor, WCO-World Customs Organization, WFTU-World Federation of Trade Unions, WHO-World Health Organization, WIPO-World Intellectual Property Organization, WMO-World Meteorological Organization, WTO-World Trade Organization
 

RPK

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India's territorial disputes

India's territorial disputes with neighboring Pakistan and People's Republic of China have played a crucial role in its foreign policy. India is also involved in minor territorial disputes with neighboring Bangladesh, Nepal and Maldives. India currently maintains two manned stations in Antarctica but has made some unofficial territorial claims, this is yet to be clarified.

India is involved in the following international disputes:


Bangladesh
6.5 km of the border between India and Bangladesh remains to be demarcated.
Dispute with Bangladesh over South Talpatti Island / New Moore in the Bay of Bengal.
Ongoing discussions with Bangladesh to exchange 162 minuscule enclaves between the two.

Nepal
Kalapani village of India is claimed by Nepal and Nawalparasi district of Nepal is claimed by India.
The dispute between India and Nepal involves about 75 km² of area in Kalapani, where China, India, and Nepal meet. Indian forces occupied the area in 1962 after China and India fought their border war. Three villages are located in the disputed zone: Kuti [Kuthi, 30°19'N, 80°46'E], Gunji, and Knabe. India and Nepal disagree about how to interpret the 1816 Sugauli treaty between the British East India Company and Nepal, which delimited the boundary along the Maha Kali River (Sarda River in India). The dispute intensified in 1997 as the Nepali parliament considered a treaty on hydro-electric development of the river. India and Nepal differ as to which stream constitutes the source of the river. Nepal regards the Limpiyadhura as the source; India claims the Lipu Lekh. Nepal has reportedly tabled an 1856 map from the British India Office to support its position. The countries have held several meetings about the dispute and discussed jointly surveying to resolve the issue. Although the Indo-Nepali dispute appears to be minor, it was aggravated in 1962 by tensions between China and India. Because the disputed area lies near the Sino-Indian frontier, it gains strategic value.


British Indian Ocean Territory
Dispute over the British Indian Ocean Territories with the colonial power. India regards this as part of its oceanic vicinity of its sovereignty and a threat to its integrity and does not recognise the crown's rule over these "Indian" islands.

Maldives
Dispute over Minicoy Island with Maldives.

Pakistan
The unresolved Kashmir dispute and the status of Kashmir with Pakistan, involving the Siachen Glacier, India claims the disputed territory from Pakistan occupied Kashmir.
Boundary issues of the Ferozepur and Pathankot with the Government of Pakistan.
Dispute over Kori Creek and the maritime boundary regarding the Rann of Kachchh area of India.
Water-sharing problems with Pakistan over the Indus River (Wular Barrage); (Indus Water Treaty)

People's Republic of China
India claims Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram Tract, as part of Jammu and Kashmir.
China claims most of Arunachal Pradesh, a contested disputed territory of north-east India by not recognising the McMahon Line.
Two regions are claimed by both India and China. Aksai Chin is in the disputed territory of Kashmir, at the junction of Pakistan, Tibet and occupied Kashmir. India claims the 38,000-square-kilometre territory, currently administered by China. Arunachal Pradesh is a state of India in the country's northeast, bordering on Bhutan, Myanmar and China. Though it is under Indian administration, China calls the 90,000-square-kilometre area as South Tibet. Also the boundary between the North Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Uttaranchal with China's Tibet is not properly demarcated with some portions under de-facto administration of India
 

S.A.T.A

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One of the most popular misconception which is prevalent today is that the name 'Hindu' is derived from the river Sindhu and is due to a Persian corruption.However i myst add the misconception is mostly semantic.

When this subject comes i usually argue that its not derived from any one river,but rather derived from an already well established geographical expression.The Hindu is all probability is definitely Persian.In the later Persian Avestan text like vendidad(which deals with Old Persian creation myth),which is from a period later than our Epics,One of the 18 good lands that their god Ahura Mazda created was called "Hapta Hendu"

From opur studies of Vedas,we are certain that the Vedic people from the samhita period called their home land as "Sapta Sindhu"(or Sapta Sindhva),which translates to the land of seven rivers.the Sindhu here does not represent any one river in particular and infact among the seven,the now extinct Saraswati was perhaps the largest and most significant of the rivers.

Hence its quite clear that word Hendu/Hindu was not derived from any river but a direct reference to a geographical expression,well known to and used for describing their homeland,by Ancient Indians from the early Vedic period,which the ancient Persians later adopted for the same.
 

RPK

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Hijacking of Indian aeroplanes


1971 January 30 : An Indian Airlines plane on its way from Srinagar to Jammu was hijacked by Hashim Quereshi and Ashraf Quereshi of the JKLF, who took it to Lahore. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, then Foreign Minister of Pakistan rushed to Lahore and met the hijackers and helped them get maximum international publicity. On February 1, he persuaded them to release the crew and passengers who were then sent by road to Amritsar. The Government of India sought permission of Pakistan to send a replacement crew to fly the aircraft back to India. Pakistan authorities denied the permission. Instead it is alleged they supplied petrol to the hijackers with which they burnt the aircraft on February 2. From Lahore Airport the hijackers were taken into a procession as heroes.
1981 September 29 : An Indian airlines plane on flight from Srinagar to Delhi is hijacked and taken to Lahore. Pakistan took commando action and got all passengers released.
1982 August 22: A lone militant, armed with a pistol and a hand grenade, hijacked a Boeing 737 on a scheduled flight from Bombay to New Delhi carrying 69 persons. Indian security forces killed the hijacker and rescued all passengers.
1982 August: An Indian Airlines flight from Jodhpur to Delhi was hijacked. The hijacked plane landed at Amritsar.
1984 July 6 : An Indian Airlines jet carrying 255 passengers and a crew of nine on flight from Srinagar to New Delhi was hijacked and forced to land in Lahore ,Pakistan.The hijackers were reported to be armed with pistols, daggers and explosives. The hijackers' surrender to Pakistan authorities ended a 17- hour ordeal for the plane's passengers and crew, who remained aboard the A-300 Airbus in suffocating heat, with little food and water.
1984 August 24: Seven young hijackers demanded an Indian Airlines jetliner, on a domestic flight from Chandigarh to Srinagar with 100 passengers on board ,be flown to the United States. The plane was taken to Lahore and then to Karachi and finally to Dubai where the defense minister of UAE negotiated the release of the passengers. It was related to the secessionist struggle in the Indian state of Punjab.The hijacker was subsequently repatriated by UAE authorities to India, who handed over the pistol recovered from the hijacker. Investigations revealed that the pistol was manufactured in Germany and was part of 75 pistols consigned from Germany to CAO, PO Box 1040, Islamabad.The Pakistani Foreign Ministry denied the accusation.
1993 April 24: Indian Airlines aircraft bound for Srinagar via Jammu from Delhi is hijacked . The hijacker wanted to take the plane to Lahore but Pakistan authorities refused permission. The plane landed at Amritsar where the hijacker was killed and passengers freed.
1999-2000: Indian Airlines Flight 814 flying from Kathmandu is hijacked and diverted it to Kandahar. After a week-long stand-off India agrees to release three jailed Kashmiri militants in exchange for the hostages. 1 hostage was stabbed to death and his body thrown on the tarmac as a "warning attack"
 

Tamil

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Just Wake-Up INDIA

Hijacking of Indian aeroplanes

1999-2000: Indian Airlines Flight 814 flying from Kathmandu is hijacked and diverted it to Kandahar. After a week-long stand-off India agrees to release three jailed Kashmiri militants in exchange for the hostages. 1 hostage was stabbed to death and his body thrown on the tarmac as a "warning attack"
This is the worst thing made my government. If im the in-charge i order NSG/MACROS/SPF else just destroy the aircraft. by not allowing the Prisoners and the terrorist to set FREE.

300 normal humans will die for the country,

Not a single Terrorist will Escape...

by releaseing that 3, now more than 3000 already died...

Think twice b4 do...
 

RPK

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