bhramos
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How to win in the missile race
By 2012 Russia will be created and adopted almost a dozen new types of aircraft missiles and bombs corrected by twice the range of superior U.S. counterparts. But to keep the lead, we need to accelerate the development of fundamentally new - hypersonic weapons of destruction, which now are betting the U.S.
tremlenie for total elimination of strategic delivery systems and warheads, fixed in the new Russian-American Contract START 3Will inevitably lead to the fact that the role and importance of conventional weapons will increase sharply in the very near future. But if our arsenal of strategic weapons, we can actually talk on equal terms with the Americans, in the field of conventional arms about any parity can not be and speeches. For example, modern fighter planes we have about 15 times less than in the U.S. and, say, surface ships far less than the oceanic area is almost 20 times. This means that in a "global nuclear scratch" Russia will have nothing to oppose its potential adversaries. And it's not the quality of our tactical weapons, and their number. If the Americans over the past ten years alone, bombs have bought more than one hundred thousand, our army over this period has bought air attack weapons for just one day of war. And this despite the fact that new Russian missiles, as it turns out, is no worse than American, but for a number of characteristics even better. Their designs and manufactures corporation Tactical Missiles (KTRV). This is one of the most secretive holdings in the Russian defense industry. Established eight years ago, in the reform of the Russian defense industry, he now includes almost two dozen different companies, factories and design bureaus involved in the creation of managed funds destruction by air, land and sea based. How is the development of new missiles and torpedoes, they differ from U.S. counterparts, why do we need to fear China, and the direction in which Russia needs to develop aircraft rocket, in an interview to "Expert" said CEO KTRV Boris Obnossov.
- In early February, the firm Sukhoi began flight tests of long-term aviation complex tactical aircraft (PAK FA), known to the public as a fifth generation fighter aircraft. What kind of weapons for this aircraft makes KTRV?
- The system of arms PAK FA will include only new models of aircraft operated means of destruction. This missile air-to-air missiles, tactical and tactical missiles, air-surface "general purpose, specialized confusional and anti-ship missiles and guided bombs.
The main requirements placed on these weapons - vnutrifyuzelyazhnyh accommodation. And of course, increased range, noise immunity and accuracy. That is, those characteristics that make it possible to successfully solve a variety of combat missions. For instance, destroying radar stations without entering the zone of enemy air defenses.
- Prime Minister Russia Vladimir Putin has promised that the first production of fifth generation fighter aircraft entered service in Lipetsk Centre BBC already in 2013. You have by this time have gone to do anything?
- We are now completing a series of experimental design Works and in the next two years, go out to the final state tests of fourteen types of new missiles and corrected air bombs (KAB). They cover almost the whole range of air attack weapons, including missiles to air-to-air long range. Some appear in the next year, some year later. And the new missiles for the fifth generation fighter would be unified with other carriers - Su-34, Su-35 and MiG-35. I must say that this is quite an impressive list of weapons. Nevertheless, I think we have successfully coped with the task.
- What are the new missiles will be different from its predecessors?
- Yes, almost everything. This is a fundamentally new types of precision weapons. Despite the fact that many of them retained the external shape of its predecessors, inside they have a much better system than those that are installed on the fourth-generation fighters. This new seeker, having high sensitivity to detect goals and better noise immunity, and the new combined air-augmented motors with adjustable parameters (for supersonic missiles, air-to-surface "), the new warheads, fuses, intellectual support and much more. With all these systems tactical and technical characteristics of the new weapons will increase significantly. For the first time in the history of aviation development of guided weapons at the time of a new missile launch does not see the purpose and must find it in the process of autonomous flight.
If we take this criterion as a range, then this indicator new missiles twice surpass the ones that stand now in service. We have all the weapons grade "air to air is divided into three types - small, medium and long range. Now a small range - it is 40 kilometers, and, for example, the average - up to 100 kilometers. So, exaggerating, we can say that the goals which are now affected medium-range missiles, we will marvel at the small arms range.
- And what will be the same range of new missiles, air-to-air long range?
- The number to call will not. I can only say that it is very large. To date, this range not a single aircraft missiles of this class.
- Let your new missiles oppose American counterparts, who are armed with a fifth-generation fighter F-22 Raptor and F-35. In whose benefit is this comparison?
- In general, the U.S., we remain parity. American planes F-22 and F-35 armed with missiles, air-to-air AIM-9X Sidewinder short-range missiles, and various modifications AMRAAM AIM-120 medium range. Our new missiles RVV-MD and RVV-SD (Respectively, small and medium-range) is virtually nothing they do not concede, and on some characteristics are even superior. For example, the firing range RVV-MD almost twice with AIM-9X. The Russian rocket is equipped with an advanced thermal homing head. As the sensitivity is identical to the U.S., the noise immunity, they are comparable. This missile is designed not only for fighters and attack aircraft, but also for combat helicopters. With regard to medium-range weapons, that our missile firing range of about 10 percent more. The rest of Russian missiles of this type have almost the same characteristics as the U.S.. So I have full confidence that we are not losers.
- In air-to-surface missiles?
- Here the Americans have basic confusional rocket - AGM-88 HARM, which is capable of striking targets at a distance of 80 kilometers, while developing speed of almost Mach 3 (three speed of sound. - "Expert "). If you compare it to our new confusional rocket X-31PD, Then other things being equal fighting capabilities Russian missile exceeds American counterpart in range of a three-fold. This was achieved thanks to a new parallel flow -jet engine. Energy consumption it somewhere two and a half times more economical than its predecessor. This allows not only to increase the range, but also to implement more complex schemes of flight. In particular, X-31PD should be capable of passing duel battles with anti-aircraft system Patriot.
New supersonic tactical missile X-31PD superior American counterpart in range of three times
Photo: ITAR-TASS
In addition, air-to-surface missiles, we have two more new missiles - X-38ME and X-58USHKE. The first module type. I believe that this is a unique multi-purpose missile. It can be fitted with a combined guidance systems - laser, thermal, radar type or satellite navigation. A second missile - X-58USHKE - Fitted (as and X-31PD) wide-range passive homing, which provide the capture of all radar targets, which is also very important. Until now, our missiles were so-called selective heads, each of which is captured only one type of goal (in the frequency spectrum), which caused some inconvenience, since the wing had to hang three or four same type missiles, if you want to act on several types of objectives.
- These missiles will arm the new fighter, designed for the BBC. And what about the anti-ship missiles for naval aircraft?
- Here we are at the final stage of the creation of two new types of missiles - tactical supersonic X-31AD subsonic X-35UE. This will be fully digital missiles that give them a better relationship with the board and increase range of tasks. Unlike its predecessor range of new missiles will increase at least twice. The mass of the warhead X-31AD increase by 15 percent.
Well, we can not say about if it had. There is much that we can oppose our potential competitors. Now we complete the creation of a whole new series of guided bombs weighing 1500 and 500 kilograms, as well as a smaller size, with increased range and new systems of satellite and laser guidance. They are designed to destroy various ground and surface targets, including bridges, ships, transport ships, infrastructure and so on.
I believe that if it had - a very important weapon which must be installed on all versions of the fifth generation fighter. First of all, because after the destruction of enemy air defense system on its territory is finishing off with Kabova. For example, Americans over the past ten years for its operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have bought more than one hundred thousand corrected bombs.
- What is the direction of the aircraft rocket you consider most promising?
- All the recent wars involving the United States have shown that the main reliance is placed on the use of precision weapons. In 1991 during Operation Desert Storm in Iraq, the proportion of high-precision weapons accounted for seven percent, eight years later in Yugoslavia, it has already reached 70 percent. I think that this trend will be further developed. And we must be ready for this. Say what you like, but our country is not as big as before, and its population is rapidly decreasing. And if we, God forbid, will with someone a serious fight, it is best that it was not "hot" contact.
- It seems that the leadership of the Pentagon's addicted to the concept of so-called smart wars. Americans have already conducted several tests of hypersonic aircraft. This is the future of aviation rocketry?
- Certainly. I believe that developing such missiles capable of flying at speeds of 10-12 times faster than the speed of sound - the most promising direction of development of aircraft armament. Without a doubt, this is a breakthrough project - the quintessence of the whole development of missile technologies. It will apply the new engines, new materials, new avionics. This project has a significance comparable to the launch of the first satellite, or with the development of near-Earth space in the fifties and sixties respectively. For the sake of solving this problem should focus all resources of the State, including intellectual.
- And what, actually, is a technological breakthrough?
- In fact, the autonomous flight hypersonic speed - a very difficult task. Hypersound - a minimum of 5 Makhov. Our missile X-31 in some cases reached a speed of Mach 4, but no more. And in order to develop a minimal hypersonic speed, need a new combined power plant is able to operate at subsonic, and at high supersonic speeds. Now we have a ram jet engine, which works fine at supersonic speeds. Here we are on a par with advanced countries. But to get ahead and reach high speeds required to ensure the supersonic combustion of fuel in such a ramjet engine. Well, or create another new engine. That's the challenge and the designers have to decide. But that's not all. At speeds above 7 Makhov dramatically increases impact on avionics, formed plasma ionization, the fairing is heated to unimaginable temperatures. But it should ensure transparency for the radar homing. Accordingly, we need new materials, innovative design solutions. That is necessary to use the full range of new developments, which today is in the aerospace industry. However, I am sure that this problem sooner or later will be solved.
- As far as I know, the development of hypersonic aircraft weapons in our country, and in the U.S. are long, but, by and large, there is nothing to brag ...
- In the U.S., serious work began in the eighties. If I'm not mistaken, in 1982, they started in the NASA program National Aero-Space Plane (NASP) to build a hypersonic technology. She has over 60 routines that cover all key areas - aerodynamics, engines, avionics, fuel and so on. Incidentally, it is within the NASP is widely used nanotechnology. As a result, Americans have already switched to the testing stage.
- And we?
- We have such work was carried out in the early seventies, and even created their prototypes. But then, in the nineties, as you know, this whole thing was buried. First of all, because the continuation of the work required a very large investment. But now things have changed, there are positive developments. This topic is discussed substantively on MIC Commission. We won the corresponding tender and is now actively engaged in manufacturing prototype. I hope that in the next two years will have the first results. There's nothing more to say, I'm afraid babble.
- In addition to missiles and bombs your corporation develops and produces a fairly wide spectrum of naval ordnance. How is cooperation KTRV with our Navy?
- We proposed Navy Commander Vladimir Vysotsky to develop and adopt a comprehensive program of forming marine means of destruction. It clearly should be linked to possible production of new ships and weapons of destruction to them. And then we often happens that there is a new torpedo and submarine, which they should be tested, still stands in the dock. Their achievements we have presented, I think this issue can be resolved in working order soon.
By 2012 Russia will be created and adopted almost a dozen new types of aircraft missiles and bombs corrected by twice the range of superior U.S. counterparts. But to keep the lead, we need to accelerate the development of fundamentally new - hypersonic weapons of destruction, which now are betting the U.S.
tremlenie for total elimination of strategic delivery systems and warheads, fixed in the new Russian-American Contract START 3Will inevitably lead to the fact that the role and importance of conventional weapons will increase sharply in the very near future. But if our arsenal of strategic weapons, we can actually talk on equal terms with the Americans, in the field of conventional arms about any parity can not be and speeches. For example, modern fighter planes we have about 15 times less than in the U.S. and, say, surface ships far less than the oceanic area is almost 20 times. This means that in a "global nuclear scratch" Russia will have nothing to oppose its potential adversaries. And it's not the quality of our tactical weapons, and their number. If the Americans over the past ten years alone, bombs have bought more than one hundred thousand, our army over this period has bought air attack weapons for just one day of war. And this despite the fact that new Russian missiles, as it turns out, is no worse than American, but for a number of characteristics even better. Their designs and manufactures corporation Tactical Missiles (KTRV). This is one of the most secretive holdings in the Russian defense industry. Established eight years ago, in the reform of the Russian defense industry, he now includes almost two dozen different companies, factories and design bureaus involved in the creation of managed funds destruction by air, land and sea based. How is the development of new missiles and torpedoes, they differ from U.S. counterparts, why do we need to fear China, and the direction in which Russia needs to develop aircraft rocket, in an interview to "Expert" said CEO KTRV Boris Obnossov.
- In early February, the firm Sukhoi began flight tests of long-term aviation complex tactical aircraft (PAK FA), known to the public as a fifth generation fighter aircraft. What kind of weapons for this aircraft makes KTRV?
- The system of arms PAK FA will include only new models of aircraft operated means of destruction. This missile air-to-air missiles, tactical and tactical missiles, air-surface "general purpose, specialized confusional and anti-ship missiles and guided bombs.
The main requirements placed on these weapons - vnutrifyuzelyazhnyh accommodation. And of course, increased range, noise immunity and accuracy. That is, those characteristics that make it possible to successfully solve a variety of combat missions. For instance, destroying radar stations without entering the zone of enemy air defenses.
- Prime Minister Russia Vladimir Putin has promised that the first production of fifth generation fighter aircraft entered service in Lipetsk Centre BBC already in 2013. You have by this time have gone to do anything?
- We are now completing a series of experimental design Works and in the next two years, go out to the final state tests of fourteen types of new missiles and corrected air bombs (KAB). They cover almost the whole range of air attack weapons, including missiles to air-to-air long range. Some appear in the next year, some year later. And the new missiles for the fifth generation fighter would be unified with other carriers - Su-34, Su-35 and MiG-35. I must say that this is quite an impressive list of weapons. Nevertheless, I think we have successfully coped with the task.
- What are the new missiles will be different from its predecessors?
- Yes, almost everything. This is a fundamentally new types of precision weapons. Despite the fact that many of them retained the external shape of its predecessors, inside they have a much better system than those that are installed on the fourth-generation fighters. This new seeker, having high sensitivity to detect goals and better noise immunity, and the new combined air-augmented motors with adjustable parameters (for supersonic missiles, air-to-surface "), the new warheads, fuses, intellectual support and much more. With all these systems tactical and technical characteristics of the new weapons will increase significantly. For the first time in the history of aviation development of guided weapons at the time of a new missile launch does not see the purpose and must find it in the process of autonomous flight.
If we take this criterion as a range, then this indicator new missiles twice surpass the ones that stand now in service. We have all the weapons grade "air to air is divided into three types - small, medium and long range. Now a small range - it is 40 kilometers, and, for example, the average - up to 100 kilometers. So, exaggerating, we can say that the goals which are now affected medium-range missiles, we will marvel at the small arms range.
- And what will be the same range of new missiles, air-to-air long range?
- The number to call will not. I can only say that it is very large. To date, this range not a single aircraft missiles of this class.
- Let your new missiles oppose American counterparts, who are armed with a fifth-generation fighter F-22 Raptor and F-35. In whose benefit is this comparison?
- In general, the U.S., we remain parity. American planes F-22 and F-35 armed with missiles, air-to-air AIM-9X Sidewinder short-range missiles, and various modifications AMRAAM AIM-120 medium range. Our new missiles RVV-MD and RVV-SD (Respectively, small and medium-range) is virtually nothing they do not concede, and on some characteristics are even superior. For example, the firing range RVV-MD almost twice with AIM-9X. The Russian rocket is equipped with an advanced thermal homing head. As the sensitivity is identical to the U.S., the noise immunity, they are comparable. This missile is designed not only for fighters and attack aircraft, but also for combat helicopters. With regard to medium-range weapons, that our missile firing range of about 10 percent more. The rest of Russian missiles of this type have almost the same characteristics as the U.S.. So I have full confidence that we are not losers.
- In air-to-surface missiles?
- Here the Americans have basic confusional rocket - AGM-88 HARM, which is capable of striking targets at a distance of 80 kilometers, while developing speed of almost Mach 3 (three speed of sound. - "Expert "). If you compare it to our new confusional rocket X-31PD, Then other things being equal fighting capabilities Russian missile exceeds American counterpart in range of a three-fold. This was achieved thanks to a new parallel flow -jet engine. Energy consumption it somewhere two and a half times more economical than its predecessor. This allows not only to increase the range, but also to implement more complex schemes of flight. In particular, X-31PD should be capable of passing duel battles with anti-aircraft system Patriot.
New supersonic tactical missile X-31PD superior American counterpart in range of three times
Photo: ITAR-TASS
In addition, air-to-surface missiles, we have two more new missiles - X-38ME and X-58USHKE. The first module type. I believe that this is a unique multi-purpose missile. It can be fitted with a combined guidance systems - laser, thermal, radar type or satellite navigation. A second missile - X-58USHKE - Fitted (as and X-31PD) wide-range passive homing, which provide the capture of all radar targets, which is also very important. Until now, our missiles were so-called selective heads, each of which is captured only one type of goal (in the frequency spectrum), which caused some inconvenience, since the wing had to hang three or four same type missiles, if you want to act on several types of objectives.
- These missiles will arm the new fighter, designed for the BBC. And what about the anti-ship missiles for naval aircraft?
- Here we are at the final stage of the creation of two new types of missiles - tactical supersonic X-31AD subsonic X-35UE. This will be fully digital missiles that give them a better relationship with the board and increase range of tasks. Unlike its predecessor range of new missiles will increase at least twice. The mass of the warhead X-31AD increase by 15 percent.
Well, we can not say about if it had. There is much that we can oppose our potential competitors. Now we complete the creation of a whole new series of guided bombs weighing 1500 and 500 kilograms, as well as a smaller size, with increased range and new systems of satellite and laser guidance. They are designed to destroy various ground and surface targets, including bridges, ships, transport ships, infrastructure and so on.
I believe that if it had - a very important weapon which must be installed on all versions of the fifth generation fighter. First of all, because after the destruction of enemy air defense system on its territory is finishing off with Kabova. For example, Americans over the past ten years for its operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have bought more than one hundred thousand corrected bombs.
- What is the direction of the aircraft rocket you consider most promising?
- All the recent wars involving the United States have shown that the main reliance is placed on the use of precision weapons. In 1991 during Operation Desert Storm in Iraq, the proportion of high-precision weapons accounted for seven percent, eight years later in Yugoslavia, it has already reached 70 percent. I think that this trend will be further developed. And we must be ready for this. Say what you like, but our country is not as big as before, and its population is rapidly decreasing. And if we, God forbid, will with someone a serious fight, it is best that it was not "hot" contact.
- It seems that the leadership of the Pentagon's addicted to the concept of so-called smart wars. Americans have already conducted several tests of hypersonic aircraft. This is the future of aviation rocketry?
- Certainly. I believe that developing such missiles capable of flying at speeds of 10-12 times faster than the speed of sound - the most promising direction of development of aircraft armament. Without a doubt, this is a breakthrough project - the quintessence of the whole development of missile technologies. It will apply the new engines, new materials, new avionics. This project has a significance comparable to the launch of the first satellite, or with the development of near-Earth space in the fifties and sixties respectively. For the sake of solving this problem should focus all resources of the State, including intellectual.
- And what, actually, is a technological breakthrough?
- In fact, the autonomous flight hypersonic speed - a very difficult task. Hypersound - a minimum of 5 Makhov. Our missile X-31 in some cases reached a speed of Mach 4, but no more. And in order to develop a minimal hypersonic speed, need a new combined power plant is able to operate at subsonic, and at high supersonic speeds. Now we have a ram jet engine, which works fine at supersonic speeds. Here we are on a par with advanced countries. But to get ahead and reach high speeds required to ensure the supersonic combustion of fuel in such a ramjet engine. Well, or create another new engine. That's the challenge and the designers have to decide. But that's not all. At speeds above 7 Makhov dramatically increases impact on avionics, formed plasma ionization, the fairing is heated to unimaginable temperatures. But it should ensure transparency for the radar homing. Accordingly, we need new materials, innovative design solutions. That is necessary to use the full range of new developments, which today is in the aerospace industry. However, I am sure that this problem sooner or later will be solved.
- As far as I know, the development of hypersonic aircraft weapons in our country, and in the U.S. are long, but, by and large, there is nothing to brag ...
- In the U.S., serious work began in the eighties. If I'm not mistaken, in 1982, they started in the NASA program National Aero-Space Plane (NASP) to build a hypersonic technology. She has over 60 routines that cover all key areas - aerodynamics, engines, avionics, fuel and so on. Incidentally, it is within the NASP is widely used nanotechnology. As a result, Americans have already switched to the testing stage.
- And we?
- We have such work was carried out in the early seventies, and even created their prototypes. But then, in the nineties, as you know, this whole thing was buried. First of all, because the continuation of the work required a very large investment. But now things have changed, there are positive developments. This topic is discussed substantively on MIC Commission. We won the corresponding tender and is now actively engaged in manufacturing prototype. I hope that in the next two years will have the first results. There's nothing more to say, I'm afraid babble.
- In addition to missiles and bombs your corporation develops and produces a fairly wide spectrum of naval ordnance. How is cooperation KTRV with our Navy?
- We proposed Navy Commander Vladimir Vysotsky to develop and adopt a comprehensive program of forming marine means of destruction. It clearly should be linked to possible production of new ships and weapons of destruction to them. And then we often happens that there is a new torpedo and submarine, which they should be tested, still stands in the dock. Their achievements we have presented, I think this issue can be resolved in working order soon.
