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THE LESSONS OF HISTORY: THE CHINESE PEOPLE'S LIBERATION ARMY
The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do
not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department
of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
This report is cleared for public release; distribution is unlimited.
CONTENTS
Foreword
Ambassador James R. Lilley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Part I: Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1. Introduction: The Lesson Learned by China's Soldiers
Laurie Burkitt, Andrew Scobell, and Larry M. Wortzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. China's Defense Establishment: The Hard Lessons of Incomplete
Modernization
Paul H. B. Godwin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Part II: The Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3. PLA Ground Forces Lessons Learned: Experience and Theory
Dennis J. Blasko. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4. PLA Air Force, 1949-2002: Overview and Lessons Learned
Kenneth W. Allen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
5. The People's Liberation Army Navy after Half a Century:
Lessons Learned in Beijing
Bernard D. Cole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
6. The People's Liberation Army and China's Space and Missile Development:
Lessons from the Past and Prospects for the Future
Mark A. Stokes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Part III: The Campaigns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
7. How Beijing Evaluates Military Campaigns: An Initial Assessment
Ron Christman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
8. From Surprise to Stalemate: What the People's Liberation Army
Learned from the Korean War — A Half-Century Later
John J. Tkacik, Jr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
9. Concentrating Forces and Audacious Action: PLA Lessons
from the Sino-Indian War
Larry M. Wortzel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
10. The 1979 Chinese Campaign in Vietnam: Lessons Learned
Edward C. O'Dowd and John F. Corbett, Jr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
11. The Lessons of the 1995-1996 Taiwan Strait Crisis: Developing a New Strategy
Toward the United States and Taiwan
Arthur S. Ding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
iv
Part IV: Domestic Deployments and Civil-Military Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
12. Lessons Learned from the Cultural Revolution and the Tiananmen Massacre
June Teufel Dreyer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
13. Seventy-five Years of Civil-Military Relations: Lessons Learned
Andrew Scobell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
About the Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451
http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/PUB52.pdf
The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do
not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department
of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
This report is cleared for public release; distribution is unlimited.
CONTENTS
Foreword
Ambassador James R. Lilley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Part I: Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1. Introduction: The Lesson Learned by China's Soldiers
Laurie Burkitt, Andrew Scobell, and Larry M. Wortzel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. China's Defense Establishment: The Hard Lessons of Incomplete
Modernization
Paul H. B. Godwin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Part II: The Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3. PLA Ground Forces Lessons Learned: Experience and Theory
Dennis J. Blasko. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
4. PLA Air Force, 1949-2002: Overview and Lessons Learned
Kenneth W. Allen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
5. The People's Liberation Army Navy after Half a Century:
Lessons Learned in Beijing
Bernard D. Cole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
6. The People's Liberation Army and China's Space and Missile Development:
Lessons from the Past and Prospects for the Future
Mark A. Stokes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Part III: The Campaigns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
7. How Beijing Evaluates Military Campaigns: An Initial Assessment
Ron Christman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
8. From Surprise to Stalemate: What the People's Liberation Army
Learned from the Korean War — A Half-Century Later
John J. Tkacik, Jr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
9. Concentrating Forces and Audacious Action: PLA Lessons
from the Sino-Indian War
Larry M. Wortzel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
10. The 1979 Chinese Campaign in Vietnam: Lessons Learned
Edward C. O'Dowd and John F. Corbett, Jr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
11. The Lessons of the 1995-1996 Taiwan Strait Crisis: Developing a New Strategy
Toward the United States and Taiwan
Arthur S. Ding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
iv
Part IV: Domestic Deployments and Civil-Military Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
12. Lessons Learned from the Cultural Revolution and the Tiananmen Massacre
June Teufel Dreyer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
13. Seventy-five Years of Civil-Military Relations: Lessons Learned
Andrew Scobell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
About the Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451
http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/PUB52.pdf