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Continued... PREMENDRA PRIYADARSHI
It may be understood from the Gaussian Normal Distribution curve that it is quite a normal finding in any normal data that the extremes look different. It does not mean that they belong to two populations. However, the naïvettes (or the scientific conmen?) would take them as two populations.
What about other characters of the Ganj Dareh lady? Llorente noted the skin colour of the Ganj Dareh lady:
“She lacked the derived variant (rs16891982) of the SLC45A2 gene associated with light skin pigmentation but likely had at least one copy of the derived SLC24A5 allele (rs1426654) associated with the same trait. The derived SLC24A5 variant has been found in both Neolithic farmer and Caucasus Hunter-Gatherer groups suggesting that it was already present at an appreciable frequency before these populations diverged. Finally, she did not have the most common European variant of the LCT gene (rs4988235) associated with the ability to digest raw milk, consistent with the later emergence of this adaptation.” (Llorente 2016).
Clearly, she had the light skin colour gene SLC24A5 allele which produces light skin colour in the Europeans and the Indians (Basu Mallik et al 2013). This gene was not found in the Europeans until late the Bronze Age. It was not present in the La Branda human of 5000 BC. However, it was found present in many European people between 3000 BC and 1000 BC (Allentoft). This means the Ganj Dareh were not ancestral to the early Neolithic people of the north of Black Sea who entered East Europe replacing the hunter-gatherers at about 5000 BC.
The SLC24A5 gene's derived threonine or Ala111Thr allele (rs1426654) has been shown to be a major factor in the light…
en.wikipedia.org
Another researcher in the field, Broushaki, in 2016 noted that the Iranian Neolithic people from Wezmeh Cave were related to the Pakistani and Afghan people, particularly the Zoroastrians of Iranian origin now living in India. “These people are estimated to have separated from Early Neolithic farmers in Anatolia some 46–77,000 years ago and show affinities to modern day Pakistani and Afghan populations, but particularly to Iranian Zoroastrians.” Clearly, the Zagros (Iran) farmers had not arrived from Anatolian farmer community of the Anatolia Neolithic. In fact, they are deeply related to the Indian population.
Neolithic Iran compared to the Indian genome, by Broushaki (2016)
The Western Siberian Hunter-Gatherers (HG)
Narasimhans have selected the following samples as representing the West Siberian DNA:
The Location of Tyumen Oblast of the Ancient West Siberian HG genes
These places Sosnoviy-Ostrov and Tyumen Oblast by foot are about 3400 km to the north of Kabul. They had been coded as yellow colour (AASI, Indian, Onge) component, about one third quantitatively in the admixture analysis.
West Siberian, admixture Analysis (at the top “row” of the image)
Apart from this de Barros Damgard et al have provided another set of admixture “histograms” for the admixture analysis of the same populations, with locations marked. This is more honest, correct and appears to be not tampered with.
de Barros Damgaard et al 2018, admixture analysis, Science magazine
If rearranged, this picture gives the following:
This figure indicates that the Indian cline should be defined as East to South to Northwest in a folded shape or V-shape. There is a gradual change in proportions of the golden, pink and teal (bluish-green) colours. Such arrangement indicates natural settlements with genetic changes produced not by migration but by the Brownian Movements (natural drift) of the genes.
If any arrival takes place, there must be a breach in the cline in the same way that Broushaki got one, between Zagros and Anatolia during the Neolithic.
The further summation of the components indicates that the Steppe may have originated from northwest India:
Eastern Hunter-Gatherer (Sidel’kino location near Samara east of Volga river) plus Caucasus Hunter Gatherer gives, if averaged, the Early Bronze Yamnaya. Clearly, people coming through the Caucasus admixed with the local EHG to produce the Yamnaya culture. This happened during the R1b-Y-DNA expansion. Because the Yamnaya is mainly R1b. After reaching the southern Caspian coast, the R1b people turned north. Established the Armenia Indo-European (Centum) and moved into the Caucasus forming the Maikop (Maykop) culture in North Caucasus. It is considered that the Maikop people gave rise to the Yamnaya.
Admixture Analysis, Early Bronze Age (EBA) Yamnaya plus Early Bronze Age Anatolia averaged gives the Middle to Late BA Steppe population.
MLBA steppe and Namazga Copper Age when averaged gives the Iron Age steppe culture.
We know from other studies of a lot of the ancient samples of Y-DNA H1 lineage, which is typically Indian, and most probably of South Indian origin later expanding to North India, have been found from Eneolithic to Bronze Age periods from locations in Anatolia, Middle East (e.g. Namazga), and North of Mongolia (Lake Baikal region, Shamanka). Clearly, Indians had been migrating to wider regions of Asia much before the Steppe culture took off during the Bronze Age period. (See Supplementary matter Excel Table aar7711_Table 14, of de Barros Damgaard, Science 2018).
Thus we can conclude as this picture:
de Barros Damgaard data rationally reorganised to produce scientifically valid conclusions
The H1 had a sibling H2 which has been found from the Neolithic samples of Levant, Anatolia, and Sardinia. It has also been found from West Lake Baikal Shamanka region from the Eneolithic period (sample number DA339 in de Barros Damgaard 2018, see table). H3 is another branch which is found in the Romany.
Family tree of Y-DNA H: Poznik 2016, Figure 2 enlarged
It may be understood from the Gaussian Normal Distribution curve that it is quite a normal finding in any normal data that the extremes look different. It does not mean that they belong to two populations. However, the naïvettes (or the scientific conmen?) would take them as two populations.
What about other characters of the Ganj Dareh lady? Llorente noted the skin colour of the Ganj Dareh lady:
“She lacked the derived variant (rs16891982) of the SLC45A2 gene associated with light skin pigmentation but likely had at least one copy of the derived SLC24A5 allele (rs1426654) associated with the same trait. The derived SLC24A5 variant has been found in both Neolithic farmer and Caucasus Hunter-Gatherer groups suggesting that it was already present at an appreciable frequency before these populations diverged. Finally, she did not have the most common European variant of the LCT gene (rs4988235) associated with the ability to digest raw milk, consistent with the later emergence of this adaptation.” (Llorente 2016).
Clearly, she had the light skin colour gene SLC24A5 allele which produces light skin colour in the Europeans and the Indians (Basu Mallik et al 2013). This gene was not found in the Europeans until late the Bronze Age. It was not present in the La Branda human of 5000 BC. However, it was found present in many European people between 3000 BC and 1000 BC (Allentoft). This means the Ganj Dareh were not ancestral to the early Neolithic people of the north of Black Sea who entered East Europe replacing the hunter-gatherers at about 5000 BC.
SLC24A5 - WikipediaI have earlier demonstrated that the light skin colour gene SLC24A5 originated in South India long back, and it migrated to other places including even Ethiopia from India.
The SLC24A5 gene's derived threonine or Ala111Thr allele (rs1426654) has been shown to be a major factor in the light…
en.wikipedia.org
Another researcher in the field, Broushaki, in 2016 noted that the Iranian Neolithic people from Wezmeh Cave were related to the Pakistani and Afghan people, particularly the Zoroastrians of Iranian origin now living in India. “These people are estimated to have separated from Early Neolithic farmers in Anatolia some 46–77,000 years ago and show affinities to modern day Pakistani and Afghan populations, but particularly to Iranian Zoroastrians.” Clearly, the Zagros (Iran) farmers had not arrived from Anatolian farmer community of the Anatolia Neolithic. In fact, they are deeply related to the Indian population.
Neolithic Iran compared to the Indian genome, by Broushaki (2016)
The Western Siberian Hunter-Gatherers (HG)
Narasimhans have selected the following samples as representing the West Siberian DNA:
- Sosnoviy-Ostrov, western Siberia, Russia (n=1); Tomsk10 (I5766): Date of 4230–3983 cal BCE (5261±33 BP, OxA-33486, d15N=+12.8 possible marine influence). Genetically female.
- Tyumen Oblast, western Siberia, Russia (n=2) Tyumen1, Kurgan 1 (I1958): Date of 4723–4558 cal BCE (5805±25 BP, PSUAMS-2359), Genetically female
- Tyumen50, Kurgan 6 (I1960): Date of 6361–6071 cal BCE [6335–6071 cal BCE (7330±40 BP, Poz-82198), 6361–6086 cal BCE (7355±40 BP, OxA-33489, d15N=+15.3 permil possible marine influence)]. Genetically female.
The Location of Tyumen Oblast of the Ancient West Siberian HG genes
These places Sosnoviy-Ostrov and Tyumen Oblast by foot are about 3400 km to the north of Kabul. They had been coded as yellow colour (AASI, Indian, Onge) component, about one third quantitatively in the admixture analysis.
It appears that to mislead people, this fact has been blatantly denied, not by changing the colour of the component, but by considering it an entirely different component, although it appears the same as the Indian.
West Siberian, admixture Analysis (at the top “row” of the image)
Apart from this de Barros Damgard et al have provided another set of admixture “histograms” for the admixture analysis of the same populations, with locations marked. This is more honest, correct and appears to be not tampered with.
de Barros Damgaard et al 2018, admixture analysis, Science magazine
If rearranged, this picture gives the following:
This figure indicates that the Indian cline should be defined as East to South to Northwest in a folded shape or V-shape. There is a gradual change in proportions of the golden, pink and teal (bluish-green) colours. Such arrangement indicates natural settlements with genetic changes produced not by migration but by the Brownian Movements (natural drift) of the genes.
If any arrival takes place, there must be a breach in the cline in the same way that Broushaki got one, between Zagros and Anatolia during the Neolithic.
The further summation of the components indicates that the Steppe may have originated from northwest India:
Eastern Hunter-Gatherer (Sidel’kino location near Samara east of Volga river) plus Caucasus Hunter Gatherer gives, if averaged, the Early Bronze Yamnaya. Clearly, people coming through the Caucasus admixed with the local EHG to produce the Yamnaya culture. This happened during the R1b-Y-DNA expansion. Because the Yamnaya is mainly R1b. After reaching the southern Caspian coast, the R1b people turned north. Established the Armenia Indo-European (Centum) and moved into the Caucasus forming the Maikop (Maykop) culture in North Caucasus. It is considered that the Maikop people gave rise to the Yamnaya.
Admixture Analysis, Early Bronze Age (EBA) Yamnaya plus Early Bronze Age Anatolia averaged gives the Middle to Late BA Steppe population.
MLBA steppe and Namazga Copper Age when averaged gives the Iron Age steppe culture.
We know from other studies of a lot of the ancient samples of Y-DNA H1 lineage, which is typically Indian, and most probably of South Indian origin later expanding to North India, have been found from Eneolithic to Bronze Age periods from locations in Anatolia, Middle East (e.g. Namazga), and North of Mongolia (Lake Baikal region, Shamanka). Clearly, Indians had been migrating to wider regions of Asia much before the Steppe culture took off during the Bronze Age period. (See Supplementary matter Excel Table aar7711_Table 14, of de Barros Damgaard, Science 2018).
Thus we can conclude as this picture:
de Barros Damgaard data rationally reorganised to produce scientifically valid conclusions
The H1 had a sibling H2 which has been found from the Neolithic samples of Levant, Anatolia, and Sardinia. It has also been found from West Lake Baikal Shamanka region from the Eneolithic period (sample number DA339 in de Barros Damgaard 2018, see table). H3 is another branch which is found in the Romany.
The early branch H0 which had split the earliest from the main trunk of H is found in India alone.
Family tree of Y-DNA H: Poznik 2016, Figure 2 enlarged