RAW: India's External Intelligence Agency

Nuvneet Kundu

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I will never find peace until the US is made to pay a heavy strategic price internationally OR their civilians are inflicted with collective punishment (inflation, joblessness, black-white riots) as part of a conscious policy of paying our enemies back in the same coin.

@raja696 Sri Lanka had fallen into the US-Pak sphere of influence during the cold war, so RAW decided to inspire their ethnic minority to rebel against the state to teach Sri Lanka a lesson for joining an anti-India coalition and to bring them to the negotiating table in a way that India could negotiate from a position of strength. RAW and Indian government weren't pursuing contradictory policies at the same time. The government and the intel agencies were firmly under the control of Rajiv, it's just that we switched our policies once the Sri Lankan government got the message and agreed to play along. So the rebels which we trained and armed earlier, had to be killed by our army as part of the peace deal with Sri Lanka, in exchange for their subservience to India in the cold war game. If you take away this context and chronology, this switching of policy gives the illusion that the government and the intel agencies were pursuing contradictory policies at the same time, which is not true. We created the rebels as a pressure point to make Sri Lanka bow to our demands, once they did, we tried to crush them. It got tricky here when the rebels, unbeknownst to India, were simultaneously being armed by Norway, US, Pakistan, and Israel. This intel failure resulted in India underestimating their strength, hence the disproportionate losses suffered by our army. It's not the case that RAW was supporting the rebels while our army was fighting them. There's no contradiction, it's just bad intel.

Short story :

We (Govt + RAW) supported rebels to pressurize Sri Lanka against joining any anti-India coalition.
We (Govt + RAW) arrived at a compromise with Sri Lanka.
We (Govt + RAW) decided to neutralize the rebels to fulfill our end of the bargain.
We (Govt + RAW) overlooked that other intel agencies were still funding the rebels.
We (Govt + RAW + Army) took massive casualties while trying to neutralize the rebels.

@airtel
 
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k murali

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Hi can any body help me to understand supposedly in history if prabhakaran is successful in liberating tamils in srilanka... is there any intelligence that same prabhakaran would instill unrest in to tamilnadu to separate it from India.... what are reasons prabhakaran turned against Indian ruling class but won support of RAW covertly which felt rajiv decision is back stabbing of his own country.... there is contridiction...
RAW "helped" LTTE on orders from Rjiv. There were 4 Tamil fighting groups LTTE, PLOT, TELO and EROS. Rajiv ordered different government agencies to help different groups.

The purpose of the "help" is not to help the suffering Tamiils but to exert pressure on Lanka to be subservient to India. During the 1971 India-Pak war over Bangladesh, Pak had to fly supplies and commanders from West to East and East to West Pak around India. Lanka allowed Pak military planes to land and refuel in Lanka. India was angry but it could not do anything about it.

Then there waas the Tamil massacxre of 1982 in Lanka. LTTE, PLOT, TELO and EROS grew after the massacre. India saw an opportuniuty to put pressure on Lanka to never act against IndiA. India carefully armed them just to bleed Lankan army but not to win. Inmdia wanted a protracted war that would foerce Lanka to be subservient to India.
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In 1987 major battles were going onn between Tamil fighters and Lankan army. India told Lanka if you agree to our dewmand we will end the Tamil rebellion. Lanka reluctantly agreed. In a secret agreement Lanka agreed to (1) not allow Voice of America station in Lanka (2) not allow western navy ships in Trincomalee. In exchange India guranteed end of Tamil militancy. India told Tamil fighters to disarm and that power will be devolved to Tamil provinces. PLOT, TELO and EROS agreed bu wanted some money for the upkeep of the disarmed fighters. LTTE wanted to know what powers will be devolved. For example, will province control police. India sAid it will be disussed after Tamils disarmed. LTTE wanted to knw before it disarms. Major Dileepan went on fast asking Indian Hogh Commissioer to explain what powers will be devolved. Commissioner Dixit refused to meet LTTE leaders but secretly asked Indian General to shoot and kill Prabakaran when he visited the Indian army camp for talks. The General (a Sikh officer) refused saying he is not a murderer. It is in the General,s biography and also an interview with India Today.

THis lead to war between Tamils and India.

You can get lots of information at

The Myth of Greater Tamil Eelam
http://www.tamiltribune.com/99/0501.html

This article clearly explains that all LTTE wanted was Tamil Eelam and had no interest in Tamil Nadu. Very good article.
 

indiatester

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They come across very mild folks to me.
Interesting that they talk about water scarcity in Pakistan 8 years from now.
 

Psy Warrior

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Guys, a friend of mine is going to interview a 2010 retired R&AW official who had handled most sensitive desk' Pakistan Desk'. If you have any question regarding espionage and intelligence apparatus, please free to ask. The interview is scheduled in this week. Also, I am sharing the link to his channel. Previously he had interviewed a low ranking officer but now an officer from top brass will be interviewed.
Below is one of the video on his channel where some questions are not up to the mark but the next interview is going to be unique. You can subscribe the channel also for future updates only if you like no forcing from my side.
 

Bhadra

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@k murali
Tamil Organisation - I think Not EROS -
It was EPRLF (Elam Peoples Revolutionary Liberation Front ) lead by Pirumal Varadarajan ....
May be EROS was there but EPRLF was also to reckon with.

Ok checked EROS - now I recall, You are right.

Secondly, there was no SIKH officer as General there in initial days.( when Pulyakan and party including Dilipan had to swallow cynide) You may be referring to the town Commandant Jaffna - a Brigadier.
 
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B0seRaoMenonModi

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This article clearly explains that all LTTE wanted was Tamil Eelam and had no interest in Tamil Nadu. Very good article.
No one believes ethnolinguistic chauvinist terrorists sir but that wasn't the problem

The problem was Tamil nationalists in Nadu would have wanted to separate. Tamil chauvinism can be almost as bad Muslim and Punjabi chauvinism and can not be appeased.
 

airtel

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Canadian politicians were targets of Indian intelligence covert influence operation: document

Indian intelligence agencies attempted to use money and disinformation to “covertly influence” Canadian politicians, according to a highly sensitive government document obtained by Global News.

The document shows that Canadian security officials suspected India’s two main intelligence branches had asked an Indian citizen to sway politicians in this country into supporting Indian government interests.

The Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) and Indian Intelligence Bureau (IB) were allegedly behind the operation, which began in 2009, the document said.

Public Safety Minister Bill Blair’s office declined to comment on the case but said the government was “concerned when any country shows destabilizing behavior, including interference in other countries’ democratic systems.”

The alleged foreign influence operation was disclosed in Federal Court proceedings involving an Indian national accused by the Canadian Security Intelligence Service of espionage.


Identified in court records only as “A.B.,” the man is the editor-in-chief of an unnamed Indian newspaper. His wife and son are Canadian citizens.

He allegedly met Indian intelligence more than 25 times over six years, most recently in May 2015 — a month after Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Canada.

He denied allegations he had been “covertly” “tasked” by Indian “handlers,” and said he had only met the intelligence agencies in is capacity as an editor.

But he did not dispute being “asked by the IB and RAW to perform various functions,” according to the court. The agencies wanted him to “act as an unofficial lobbyist or diplomat,” although he said he had refused to work for them.

“You stated that you were tasked by RAW to covertly influence Canadian government representatives and agencies on behalf of the Indian government,” according to a letter sent to him by an immigration official.

“You stated that you were told to identify random Caucasian politicians and attempt to direct them into supporting issues that impacted India,” the letter continued.

“You stated that the guidance from RAW included that you were to provide financial assistance and propaganda material to politicians in order to exert influence over them.”

One of his tasks was allegedly “to convince politicians that funding from Canada was being sent to Pakistan to support terrorism,” according to the letter, dated May 30, 2018.




The security screening investigation was triggered when he applied to immigrate to Canada.

Prof. Stephanie Carvin said while India had long been active in the country, the case was a rare example of its interference with Canadian elected officials.

“To my mind, this is one of the first public examples of evidence of clandestine foreign influence targeted at Canadian politicians” said the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs expert.

The allegation of Indian meddling follows the release last month of a National Security and Intelligence Committee of Parliamentarians (NSICOP) report on foreign interference.

The report acknowledged that China, Russia and other states were conducting foreign interference activities in Canada and that “elected and public officials across all orders of government” were being targeted.

It added that 1.2 million Canadians were of Indian descent, and that some communities were “vulnerable to foreign interference either as targets or as a means of undermining Canadian values and freedoms.”

“A great deal of foreign interference has the goal of creating a single narrative or consistent message that helps to ensure the survival and prosperity of the foreign state,” the report added.

Carvin said it was difficult to know if Indian foreign interference had any impact on Canadian policy.

“But the fact is, the success of clandestine foreign influence operations are not the point — it is the fact that states are trying to engage in these activities.”

“The recent NSICOP report on clandestine foreign interference does not name India but it does make note of the fact that there is a large Indian population in Canada,” the national security expert said.

“This suggests that it was one of the countries that our national security and intelligence agencies are concerned with. But again, this is the first time I have seen public information which suggests that these operations are going outside the Canadian South Asian community.”

RAW is India’s external intelligence service, while the IB is its domestic intelligence agency.

India has long sought to pressure Ottawa over what it alleges to be continued support within Canada for violent extremists advocating independence for India’s Sikh minority.

It has also campaigned against neighbouring Pakistan over its failure to curb terrorist organizations such as Lashkar-e-Tayyiba, which attacked Mumbai in 2008, killing more than 160.


Canada refused to allow A.B. into the country on the grounds he was engaged in espionage, but the court overturned that decision because it was based on a summary of his alleged statements rather than a transcript.

The court said the decision to exclude him from Canada rested largely on an immigration officer’s finding that it was implausible he did not supply information to Indian intelligence officers, given how frequently he met them.

“However, A.B. is a journalist and editor-in-chief of a newspaper. It is not inconceivable that he would meet with government sources every other month while maintaining his journalistic independence,” the court ruled.

In accusing him of espionage, the immigration officer had relied on an “undated and unattributed” summary of his interview with Canadian authorities, which the court ruled was unreasonable.


 

AMCA

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'RAW: A History of India’s Covert Operations' showcases India’s shadow warriors
A new book by Yatish Yadav brings to light some of the daring exploits of India’s spies and spymasters.

Published: 02nd August 2020 05:00 AM | Last Updated: 01st August 2020 03:52 PM | A+A A-
The intelligence included the Tigers’ military formations as well as civilian populations so as to avoid casualties.

The intelligence included the Tigers’ military formations as well as civilian populations so as to avoid casualties.
By Yatish Yadav
Peace is an illusion because India is constantly at war in the shadows. Just as soldiers in uniform guard our borders, a different kind of highly trained and motivated soldiers crisscross the world in various guises with deceptively innocuous code names; meeting sources, activating sleeper spies and double agents, deploying honey traps, conferring with fellow spooks in cafes and safe houses, and bribing informers with clandestine funds—all to protect the nation. They are the unsung heroes of India’s formidable spy agency R&AW who unearth dark plots against the country and destroy traitors and at great personal risk. RAW: A History of India’s Covert Operations illustrates their daring exploits.



During the Cold War ears, Indira Gandhi had brought India firmly into the Soviet Union’s orbit and the US supported Pakistan as a anti-Communist gambit. Set in the turbulent ’70s to the ’90s, R&AW spooks toppled dictators like General Ershad in Bangladesh and Fiji’s Colonel Rabuka by organising public protests and trading loyalties of people in their inner circles respectively. India had carved Bangladesh out of East Pakistan, which America opposed vehemently; President Richard Nixon even sent the aircraft carrier USS Enterprise to the Bay of Bengal to intimidate India.
After Mujibur Rahman’s assassination, the ISI and CIA moved into Bangladesh. The Hindu refugee problem was a strain on India’s economy and Ershad’s pro-ISI, pro-CIA stance wasn’t helping. So unexpected were the R&AW-engineered protests that Ershad was forced to resign and a neutral government came in his place. In Fiji, where local Indians were being persecuted by nationalist Rabuka, R&AW used foreign contacts in Australia, New Zealand and the UK to launch a successful operation to oust him. The mission was almost compromised when the mistress of a Fiji bureaucrat who was spying for India informed the authorities.
R&AW also created immense goodwill in many countries; it helped a top Afghan politician and former warlord to escape the Taliban and even got his relative a job in Turkey. R&AW spooks relentlessly bribed, cajoled and blackmailed India’s enemies. At great danger to himself, a daring agent bought information from a mole among Khalistani terrorists who were preparing to attack Delhi, which were averted by the intel. The agency even managed to recruit the prime minister of an important Baltic nation. R&AW had support from most prime ministers, except Pakistan-friendly Morarji Desai, who had dismantled foreign operations and turned over imbedded agents to ISI.
Since intelligence inputs play a significant role in shaping policy, the spymasters saw firsthand political leaders in action. The book describes how Rajiv Gandhi stood in front of Deng Xiaoping like a schoolboy in front of a principal, though he was assured that he had nothing to fear from the Chinese. A chapter describes how Narasimha Rao’s taciturn “Okay” meant the mission had the go-ahead. R&AW’s main enemy continues to be Pakistan’s ISI, which has been playing a cat and mouse game for decades. It also faced a formidable enemy at home—Indian diplomats who exposed their identities abroad and bureaucrats who interfered with operational budgets. These are some of their stories.
EXCLUSIVE EXCERPTS
OPERATION SRI LANKA
Permanent Friends, Permanent Interests
In Sri Lanka, R&AW played a double game, helping the Sri Lankan Army to destroy the LTTE while protecting Indian assets against the Tigers and President Gotabaya Rajapaksa’s hit men. According to a R&AW spymaster in Colombo, MEA bungled and allowed the Chinese to get a foothold in the island.
Avinash Sinha arrived at Colombo Fort Café on the morning of 3 December 2005, looking forward to what he had been told was the best Sri Lankan breakfast in the city. Avinash, a R&AW operative, perhaps a few autumns younger than Kosala Ratnayake, had returned to Colombo that October after three years. He had recruited Kosala, a top functionary in the Sri Lankan government, over several wet evenings in January 2002. That was when the Sri Lankan regime had been seriously engaging with the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) for peace talks.
Satellite Spycraft: Avinash said that the R&AW had penetrated Sri Lanka’s northern province deeply, especially districts like Jaffna, Vavuniya, Kilinochchi and Mannar. ‘Our assessment was solid and as the war loomed large over the horizon, our primary objective was to evacuate as many Tamils as possible. But that was just a foggy dream. Under tremendous pressure from the Tigers, the Tamil populations had decided to remain and we couldn’t do anything about it,’ said Avinash.
The Indian government had taken a principled decision to support the Sri Lankan army offensive because the entire international community had been outraged by the LTTE’s string of suicide bombings. According to Avinash, between late 2007 and May 2009 when Sri Lanka declared total victory against the LTTE, the R&AW provided satellite imagery of all the Tigers’ camps in the north and east provinces to the Sri Lankan military.

The intelligence included the Tigers’ military formations as well as civilian populations so as to avoid casualties. ‘It was not LTTE alone that killed our assets,’ said Pawan Arora, a R&AW officer. ‘We later learnt that the Sri Lankan army had also been involved in hitting our informers. Just before the final and massive offensive in April 2009, some important assets were evacuated from Jaffna on a ship headed to the Maldives... At Kilinochchi in the northern province of Sri Lanka, he revealed, a compound that housed some R&AW informers had just one survivor that month and a white cat.
MEA Bungling on China: R&AW agents began to enquire in Beijing and Islamabad about Colombo’s plan. The liaison unit, working with friendly foreign intelligence agencies, reported that China had secretly provided arms and ammunition to the Sri Lankan army during the civil war and was now ready to invest more than $2 billion in Sri Lanka…China had not only provided fighter jets to the Sri Lankan army, it had also trained the pilots with the help of Islamabad.
Avinash said: ‘When we warned the India foreign service about the Chinese, a senior officer told me not to worry. Let China build the roads, he said, and we will ply our buses on those roads. When we complained about him, he was immediately removed and shifted to some insignificant position at the Delhi headquarters.’ The officer codenamed ‘PAS’ was fond of scotch and the Indian spies had reported on various occasions that he was more interested in attending high-spirit parties than protecting and preserving India’s interests in Sri Lanka. ‘Once he was trapped by our spies and subsequently confronted with the evidence, we wanted him out of Sri Lanka. He was a compromised man,’ Avinash said, quoting a report that the R&AW had ciphered to New Delhi.
The Indian government had taken a principled decision to support the Sri Lankan army offensive because the entire international community had been outraged by the LTTE’s string of suicide bombings. According to Avinash, between late 2007 and May 2009 when Sri Lanka declared total victory against the LTTE, the R&AW provided satellite imagery of all the Tigers’ camps in the north and east provinces to the Sri Lankan military.
THE CASE OF THE MYSTERIOUS MAID
There is no single documented account of Operation Satori carried out with the help of an Indian maid named Sundari. The 55-year-old Tamil and Sinhalese-speaking woman worked to rescue and evacuate R&AW sources. Although the R&AW knew the weaknesses of Sri Lankan intelligence, they realised that Gotabaya Rajapaksa’s spies were also keeping an eye on the northern and eastern provinces, scouting for prize catches. Within a week, fictitious papers were arranged for Sundari through Kosala that would allow her to travel inside the battle zone freely to help the badly wounded in their makeshift hospitals. Sundari was pivotal to Operation Satori.
Though she was not a conventional spy, she was a thorough professional. With the help of Asanka, an ambulance driver, and Ramanuj, an animal activist, she managed to rescue several leaders who were R&AW recruits and thus on Rajapaksa’s hitlist. The area where Sundari operated was darkened via Photoshop before images were shared with the Sri Lankan army and its intelligence unit, and Kosala had bribed certain senior personnel in the army so that people could safely be smuggled out of the war zone.
R&AW AGENTS began to enquire in Beijing and Islamabad about Colombo’s plan. The liaison unit, working with friendly foreign intelligence agencies, reported that China had secretly provided arms and ammunition to the Sri Lankan army during the civil war and was now ready to invest more than $2 billion in Sri Lanka.
PARIS/LONDON
Operation Hornet
R&AW launched an operation in Paris and London to neutralise UK-based Pakistani national Abdul Khan who was sheltering extremists and planning attacks in India with the help of ISI and renegade Indian businessmen Balwant, Harbakhsh Singh, BN Sandhu, Avtaar Sethi and Harpreet Ahuja. Indian agent Sanjeev Jindal was given clearance by his pop star of spies boss Anuj Bharadwaj to swing into action. With foreign operatives Clarke and Sophie, he foiled the plot and Khan was shot dead.
Target ISI Terror Trio: At the Café de Flore on Boulevard Saint-Germain, Paris, in November 1984, Sanjeev Jindal was lost in thought.... ‘Sir, we need to launch an operation… My information suggests ISI chief Akhtar Abdur Rahman is directly supervising the operation….’
Sophie’s Choice: This was the beginning of Operation Hornet. Jindal had already identified the spy to be posted in London. The officer codenamed Mohan Narayanan had earlier worked in Prague. Sometime in late January 1985, Jindal was at Café Aida in Landstrasse, Vienna. He had waited for almost a week for this meeting with his old informer Sophie Klor. Jindal, known by a different name at the time, had dumped her two years earlier at the end of an operation he had run in Austria. It is not unusual for an intelligence officer to dump her or his source or informer once the job is done. There are no permanent relationships in the world of espionage.
Everyone has an expiry date. But Sophie was perhaps an exception. Like the R&AW’s other subconscious agents in Europe in the 1980s and 1990s, she transferred money to moles, trained new assets in the target country and occasionally ran assets on behalf of the handler. But renewing contact with a subconscious agent was something he had never done before. ‘Just be honest with me. I am getting worried about your sudden reappearance,’ said Sophie. ‘Do you know where Harpreet Ahuja is?’ Jindal asked. ‘The Indian guy who worked with our organisation? He left about a year ago. Why are you looking for him?’ ‘I want you to dig him out for me,’ Jindal said, placing an envelope containing $10,000 on the table. ‘Don’t worry. Harpreet has always been nice to me.’ Sophie winked at him and left the café.
Greedy Gardener: The London team, Narayanan and Clarke, had used cash to lure Abdul Khan’s gardener, a Pakistani named Tariq Siddiqui. The list included officials from the ISI, the Pakistani army and Pakistan’s civil servants, as well as Sandhu and the two aides who were supposedly Sandhu’s bodyguards and another Indian… Harbakhsh Singh. He also passed on classified information about Sandhu’s and Harbakhsh’s impending visit to Islamabad in February. After Narayanan paid him $5,000, Tariq promised to give him the letter. One document about a money transfer from a bank was significan, the details about the key players arriving at Khan’s house gave the R&AW top brass valuable insights into the ISI’s plans and intentions.

At their meeting at Café Aida, Sophie recounted her hunt for Harpreet Ahuja. It had taken her to Salzburg, Bregenz and finally to Innsbruck... She told Jindal about going out with Ahuja on a date. ‘My priorities are clear. I can’t let this man slip out of our hands,’ Jindal said.
Recruiting the Mole: Jindal recruited Ahuja in Austria that April. Upon agreeing to work for the R&AW as a spy, Ahuja was given the codename Einsiedler. But before the British could act, Harbakhsh disappeared from London overnight. Jindal and Bhardwaj suspected that he had been evacuated by the ISI before British security officials could interrogate him on his links with militants and Pakistan. A source based in Pakistan informed Bhardwaj about the arrival of Harbakhsh and his family in Rawalpindi, in the neighborhood of Islamabad.
Arm twisting Terror’s Banker: Sethi took a circuitous route to Paris in order to avoid ISI surveillance on his movements. Bhardwaj, Jindal and Narayanan held two day-long meetings with the dangerous financier of terrorism in India. In Jindal’s words, Sethi sang nonstop. He shared the smallest details of the Sandhu-Khan network, revealing the role of ISI officers posted under diplomatic covers in London. The ISI had a special detachment in London for the India operation and a team of six officers had been deployed to create and continue sponsoring terrorist networks to carry out activities inside India. At the time, an ISI officer named Mahmood was running Sandhu and Khan. Sethi said he was not aware if the ISI was handling any other anti-India module.
He provided a list of the officers, profiles of people connected to Khan and Sandhu, and above all, names of recruits in India who he believed were staunch supporters of the network. In the meantime, he forwarded the names of the Indian module to the R&AW headquarters. Jindal was informed sometime in April that eighteen people on the list had been neutralized in a covert operation and they had launched a manhunt for nine others. The conversation among the network involving Khan, Sandhu and the ISI officers revealed a plan to expand the operation and the Pakistani intelligence officers assured substantial sums of money for the attacks. In July and August, Bhardwaj was informed by his contacts in British counterintelligence agencies that the Pakistanis had been told to shut shop.
The Knockout Round: New plans were made every day to ambush Khan’s remaining network but none worked out because Bhardwaj was against covert action in British territory. In the first week of May 1987, Narayanan informed him that Abdul Khan was planning to visit his hometown, Lahore, sometime in June. His plan was to meet the newly appointed ISI chief, Lt General Hamid Gul. Jindal and Bhardwaj decided that Abdul Khan had to be killed in Lahore. The terror financier was gunned down by two motorcycle-borne men as he entered his house that fateful day in June. He was shot nine times in the head and the neck. The Lahore police believed that the killing was the result of an old business rivalry but the ISI knew it was the R&AW that had chased and killed the fountainhead of terror. At his burial, a R&AW asset noticed that flowers had been sent from Hamid Gul.
THE LONDON team, Narayanan and Clarke, had used cash to lure Abdul Khan’s gardener, a Pakistani named Tariq Siddiqui. The list included officials from the ISI, the Pakistani army and Pakistan’s civil servants, as well as Sandhu and the two aides who were supposedly Sandhu’s bodyguards and another Indian… Harbakhsh Singh.
JINDAL RECRUITED Ahuja in Austria that April. Upon agreeing to work for the R&AW as a spy, Ahuja was given the codename Einsiedler. But before the British could act, Harbakhsh disappeared from London overnight.
From Kabul to Kathmandu, from London to Paris and Innsbruck, to Islamabad and Colombo, the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW) ran exciting operations using money, analysis, psy-ops, wet work and the occasional honey trap. A new book by Yatish Yadav brings to light some of the daring exploits of India’s spies and spymasters.
 

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