Made in India - Indian Firms shine across the Globe

hello_10

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here, we hope India might have got the 5th place by 2012 in this regard :thumb:

;



=> We have data's to 2009 as below, listing the total manufacturing output by countries till 2009 :ranger:

; Manufacturing output statistics - countries compared - Nation Master


=> one more news we have as below in this regard. as per the news as below, while considering 15.2% share of manufacturing in India's GDP at around $2.0 trillion by the financial year 2012-13, we find it to be around 0.152 * 2,000 = $300 billions, which would put India on the 5th or 6th spot by 2012, at least, as we do know that all the major European nations suffered fall in Industrial output since 2009 :truestory:

13 May, 2013

the share of manufacturing in India's gross domestic product has been coming down, declining to 15.2 percent in fiscal 2012-13 and is expected to fall below 15 percent in the current financial year since the sector is facing slowdown and unutilised excess capacity, an ASSOCHAM study has cautioned.

The drop in the share of manufacturing has come about in the backdrop of the government aiming to bring its contribution to 25 percent of the total economic activity by 2020, but the trend is certainly moving in the reverse direction in line with the decelerating agriculture sector, the ASSOCHAM paper said. :toilet:

Manufacturing which has the potential of creating millions of jobs and bringing development to several backward regions of the country could contribute 15.2 percent to the Indian economy growing by just about one percent in FY 2012-13. Its share in GDP in 2010-11 was 16.2 percent and 15.7 percent in the fiscal 2011-12.

"This is despite the fact that the government has been insisting on taking this share to 25 percent and major initiatives were announced to make manufacturing vibrant part of the economy, which depends pre-dominantly ( as much as 60 percent) on services. Depending too much on services is not good for India because our manufacturing could not scale upto the global standards in the first place," the paper noted with concern.

In line with the laggard performance of the manufacturing the share of total industrial output in the GDP has also come down from 28.2 percent in 2010-11 to 27 percent in 2012-13. Agriculture, as it is, has been giving the least to the country's total economic output at just about 13.7 percent. The trend has been showing a falling curve from 14.5 percent about two years ago.

"The serious consequence of dropping agri output and its contribution to the GDP is further displacement of people in the agrarian sector. Well over 60 percent people depend on agriculture and their share in the GDP cake is limited to just about 13.7 percent. This is a serious disequilibrium and is anything but inclusive growth, which will remain a mere slogan if urgent measures are not taken to shift people away from agriculture sector.

"However, the problem arises as to where to shift these surplus manpower because the biggest potential to absorb such workforce is the manufacturing, which itself is battling. More than 50 percent of the 22 industry segments have shown massive degrowth in March displacing a huge number of people in the process," the chamber paper said.

The other problem for the manufacturing has been a big setback for exports which find market for the industrial products in the overseas markets.

As per analysis of the disaggregate date made available till December, 2012 from April, exports to European Union and Asian countries has suffered a major setback. While exports to EU, accounting for 16.3 percent in India's merchandise exports, declined by 11.2 percent, those to Asian countries, (excluding Japan) with a share of 28.1 percent, contracted by 8.4 percent during April-September 2012.

Infrastructure bottlenecks and regulatory hurdles for mega projects are also hindrances in taking leap forward in industrial activity.:toilet:

Rightly, Governor of the Reserve Bank of India D Subbarao has observed that there is over-capacity in the industry and no fresh investment can take place unless full capacity is utilised, which is again a function of consumer confidence, demand and employment.

Manufacturing's share in GDP on decline
 
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hello_10

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The Table by World Bank as below clearly tells us the dominance of China on the side of High Tech Productions, the real Rise of China :china:

and here good to see India exporting more High Tech Products than Brazil, as below. and it does says that India is somewhere, but yes, far behind China :ranger:


=> High-technology exports (current US$)

High-technology exports (current US$) | Data | Table
 
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hello_10

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Will India Match China's Manufacturing Might?

When C. Northcote Parkinson -- economist, historian and humorist -- wrote "East and West" in 1963, the book's basic theme was that one day, India and China would combine to take on the West. At the time, the Sino-Indian war had just ended, and the book didn't make many waves. Over the past few years, however, things have changed; everyone has been talking about the powerful combination of India's expertise in software and services and China's capabilities in manufacturing. Today, there's a new twist. China has been upping its strength in the former and India has a newfound confidence in its might in the latter.

This is not confined to the IT arena. "India will emerge as a strong manufacturing base," predicts Janat Shah, a professor of production and operations management at the Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore (IIMB) and founder-chairperson of its Center for Supply Chain Management. Jagdish Sheth, marketing professor at Emory University's Goizueta Business School in Atlanta, adds that India will become "a second sourcing destination" for the world economy.

The numbers have already started signaling this development. In March, a new United Nations Industrial Development Organization report put India as one of the top 10 manufacturers in 2010. "India tops developing countries (China excluded) in production of textiles, chemical products, basic metals, general machinery and equipment, and electrical machinery," the report noted. In motor vehicle production, the country has overtaken Brazil and is behind only Mexico among developing countries. India's manufacturing value added has grown by over 10%, compared to 3.4% for the industrialized countries. The share of China, India and Brazil in world manufacturing output is now 32%, up from 20% a decade ago.

Examples of this manufacturing story are everywhere. In March, General Motors India announced that the company wants to become an outsourced vendor of car engines made at the newly-opened Maharashtra plant. The firm also wants to ship the parts to GM's joint ventures in China. GM India's strategy is to find customers for the excess capacity at its US$220 million engine manufacturing plant at Talegaon near Pune. The plant can make 300,000 engines a year, but GM India doesn't need them all immediately. Last year, the company sold 110,000 Chevrolet cars in India, and expects to hit 300,000 only in 2013. "If I need to sell 300,000 engines [annually] domestically, then I need to start filling the gap," GM India president and managing director Karl Slym told business daily Business Standard.

Pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca sources active pharma ingredients (APIs) from India for use in its global operations, according to James Chelliah, CFO for branded generics operations at AstraZeneca India. "Over the years [sourcing from India] has been increasing year on year by around 100%," he says. "Of course, it's on a small base.... China is big for us from a market perspective. Our China business will be almost US$1 billion this year. But from a sourcing perspective, India is ahead of China."

Through a partnership between Suzuki and Nissan, Indian subsidiary Maruti Suzuki manufactures the Pixo model compact car for sale in Europe, according to Mayank Pareek, Maruti Suzuki India's managing executive officer for marketing & sales. The Indian auto major is likely to start making vehicles for Volkswagen soon; in 2009, the German carmaker bought a 19.9% stake in Suzuki for US$4.5 billion. "The scope of the tie-up is under discussion between Suzuki and Volkswagen," adds Pareek. :thumb:

At Pfizer India, Thomas Lobo, director of global external supply, says there has been a significant increase in sourcing activity from India with an average annual growth of 35 to 50%. "We source drug formulations, APIs and drug intermediates. India is a leading country in drug product-formulation outsourcing, although we are starting to see competition from other markets, including China."

The First Awakening

The potential of Indian manufacturing was first highlighted in a 2005 Confederation of Indian Industry (CII)-McKinsey report titled, "Made in India." According to the report, "In the past, India did not tap into its manufacturing exports potential to the fullest. Going forward, however, Made in India could become the next big manufacturing exports story." Chelliah of Astra Zeneca agrees with that prediction. "India would be much better off in anything that has value-add and needs precision, because of its technical capabilities and qualified manpower," he notes.

The McKinsey report predicted that the global trend to manufacture and source products in low-cost countries is likely to gain strength over the next decade, "particularly in the skill-intensive industries where India has a significant competitive advantage. If India were to take advantage of this trend, manufacturing exports could increase from US$40 billion in 2002 to approximately US$300 billion by 2015, leading to a share of approximately 3.5% in world manufacturing trade."

But the report warned that in order to be successful, Indian companies needed to "adopt a global mindset to build scale and achieve cost excellence; acquire market access rapidly, including using inorganic routes such as acquisitions where required; strengthen design and innovation skills; build a global or regional operating footprint, and master the ability to manage a world-class talent pool and organization." :ranger:

Indian companies are now preparing to go the extra mile. A Capgemini-IDG research report titled, "Manufacturing in 2020," found that Indian companies "claim they will lead the pack in customer collaboration in 2020, a position they already say they hold. All the responding Indian companies say they already collaborate with customers at the R&D level. This could reflect the historical lack of manufacturing in India, and a strong national desire to 'catch up.'"

India's rise in the manufacturing arena has to come at somebody's cost -- namely, China's, experts say. China has built its economic fortunes over the past three decades with large-scale, low-cost outsourced manufacturing for global markets. But economists have long predicted that China will cede its outsourced manufacturing base to other developing countries as its working-age population declines in the coming decades. The country has periodically battled threats to its status as a low-cost manufacturing hub -- a designation that has been helped by massive investments in infrastructure, education and training, and state incentives.


The China Factor

Are China's problems a passing phase? "This is not a flash in the pan," says Marshall Meyer, a Wharton professor of management and sociology. "Efficient and younger-age factory workers have been in short supply." In addition, factory wages have risen around 50% in the country's southern provinces like Guangdong that lead the export juggernaut.

According to Meyer, the Chinese central bank's efforts to contain inflation by limiting liquidity aren't working as intended. "Inevitably there is leakage," he says, adding that money supply has risen 52% in the past two years. "This creates a very powerful inflationary force. One way or another, goods coming out of China will cost more ... [and business] will go where costs are lower." China's "weak spots" are in low-margin manufacturing such as garments, toys, pharmaceuticals and foods, some of which could head to Vietnam, Indonesia and Sri Lanka, he notes.

Lower costs alone will not tilt the scales, however. Many Western companies head to India for outsourcing manufactured parts and sub-assemblies because China lacks the required expertise. "We have been seeing increased activity in sourcing from India, primarily in components requiring some degree of complexity," says Ketan Chandarana, a partner at Synergy, a Bangalore-based consulting firm. Synergy advises mostly multinational firms in outsourced manufacturing. His clients prefer India also in cases that call for "sensitivity" to intellectual property rights and manufacturing in low-to-medium volumes with high degrees of variation in products.

Among Synergy's clients is a Canadian maker of high voltage electrical equipment that two years ago needed a wide variety of components but in volumes ranging from a few hundred pieces to tens of thousands. "They tried to source from China, but were not able to get the quality levels and attention to detail," Chandarana notes. The company now sources brass components from Gujarat and Karnataka.

India has traditionally had an edge in high-end manufacturing with lower volumes relative to China and design-intensiveness, according to Shah of IIMB. "India's problems are in low-end manufacturing, where wage costs play a role. Higher-end manufacturing is not that sensitive to wage costs.":truestory:" India will enhance its overall manufacturing competitiveness in the next five years, according to a June 2010 Deloitte study that gives China a current score of 10 in that area and 8.15 to India. Five years from now, however, the study projects India advancing to a score of 9, with China staying at 10. In addition to India and China, Korea, the U.S. and Brazil were ranked as Deloitte's top five countries in manufacturing competitiveness. :ranger:


Investing in India

Global companies attracted to India's markets also realize they need to invest in local manufacturing for maximum advantage, according to Prabhudev Konana, a professor of business at the McCombs School of Business in the University of Texas at Austin. "You cannot tap a growing market by being outside. You want to be inside, closer to the market." All the major global automobile manufacturers, including General Motors, Ford, Nissan and Hyundai have invested in manufacturing in India with an eye on exports to third-country markets, he adds. It also helps that the Indian market "is very similar to a lot of Asian countries and Africa.... Roads are not wide and not designed for big vehicles."

Chinese companies are not sitting quiet as their outsourcing clients get restive. "Chinese companies and the state, [which are] often hard to separate from each other, are aware of the pressures on their competitiveness, most immediately from rising wages," says Tarun Khanna, a Harvard University professor and author of the 2007 book, "Billions of Entrepreneurs," which tracks entrepreneurship trends in China and India. China has responded with two "structural" solutions, Khanna adds. "The first is to encourage a 'Go West' policy to tap into the still incredibly-large labor pools available in the western part of the country, a process now underway for some time. The second is to compel foreign investors to disseminate technology to domestic companies, so that the local entities can begin to compete on non-price dimensions and move up the proverbial value chain."

Those new controls should be "serious food for thought" for multinationals entering China these days, according to Khanna. He also noted an increasing fear that foreign investors "will not be allowed to achieve critical scale in China." If MNCs get too big for comfort in China, the government could extend preferential treatment to local companies "to contain over-reliance on outside investors," Khanna says, a new approach that contrasts with China's pampering of foreign investors with tax and other incentives since seeking them out in 1980. China started phasing out incentives five years ago.

India's reluctance in earlier years to welcome foreign investments brought unintended benefits in grooming local manufacturing, according to a 2003 paper titled, "Can India Overtake China," written by Khanna and Sloan School of Business professor Yasheng Huang. They wrote that as the Chinese economy took off in the past two decades, "Few local firms have followed, leaving the country's private sector with no world-class companies to rival the big multinationals." By contrast, India "took a dim view of Indians who had gone abroad, and of foreign investment generally, and instead provided a more nurturing environment for domestic entrepreneurs. In the process, India has managed to spawn a number of companies that now compete internationally with the best that Europe and the U.S. have to offer."

A Second Sourcing Destination

Emory's Sheth offers four reasons for India becoming a second sourcing destination. For one, India's large market for everything from cars to cell phones will attract investments in capacities that will be used also to supply West Asia and Africa. Secondly, as China grows, it will "selectively divest low-end manufacturing to other parts of the world to protect its own resources." Third, by using modern manufacturing techniques to tap into its vast agricultural and industrial resources, India can lower costs and improve its competitiveness. His fourth reason: "India is becoming a strategic alliance partner with America," the world's largest market. He sees India and China sharing a common destiny along with America as partners. :ranger:

Some of initiatives currently underway, including a plan to implement a uniform goods and sales tax and a direct tax code, could help boost India's manufacturing competitiveness, Shah of IIMB notes. Dedicated freight corridors along eastern and western India totaling 2,762-kilometer (1,716 miles) would increase freight movement capacity, although they are set to open no earlier than 2017. India's latest budget also allocates Rs. 500 crore (US$110 million) for the government's National Skills Development Fund, which has a target of providing job training to 500 million people by 2022. The University of Texas' Konana would like to see that implemented with missionary zeal. "For China, it is an obsession; they are training large numbers of people with passion. One CEO told me they are teaching English in stadiums in China."

China's latest challenges do not translate into automatic wins for India, warns Khanna. "Can India benefit from this re-calibration? In a sense, yes, but probably no more than before." The primary deterrent to investment in India "will be internal to India," he notes, listing "good infrastructure" and "low-hassle processes" as the chief inducements. Investors are also wont to make politically correct noises about the need for democratic institutions and transparent processes, but they sometimes ring hollow, says Konana. "Most U.S. companies love China because it provides stability. That is where I see the hypocrisy. India is a democracy but they don't like the uncertainty [that goes with the territory]."

Will India Match China's Manufacturing Might? - India Knowledge@Wharton
 
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hello_10

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Indian Strategy to Limit Growing CAD

=> http://defenceforumindia.com/forum/economy-infrastructure/53739-india-sick-man-asia.html#post781194

The Stock Exchange is following the trend of rupees fall, with a sense to invest it again when it gets established. right now foreign investors are selling their shares at 63 rupees per dollar, and they would back when it would reach 66/71 rupees per USD, say......

Rupees is comparable to Japanese Yen, and its still overvalued that Yen???????
Exchange Rates - X-Rates

we also have a news as below, check.........
=> Despite touching 60, rupee still 17.6% overvalued: Nomura - The Times of India


=> RBI would fix Rupee Level at 71, the only way to Keep CAD Under Control

you can't import more than $500billion/ year till 2015/18, considering the worst scenario

India won't be able to export more than $300/$400billion by 2015/18, as the European Markets are finished except few like Germany. and there is a limit US may borrow debt to support world market.

with the above 2 points, we do know that India is having $300billion export since 2011, and it would be almost same this year also, then its because first European markets are on free fall, being bankrupted one by one, hence the export couldn't increase. and at the same time US did borrow debt during last 3 years, which supported the world economies to an extent. but there is a limit, the US may borrow debt to maintain its $2.0trillion+ import from other countries, while the EU28 economies haven't reached their lowest yet :nono:. too many Austerity there but still debt is increasing and its around 92.5% to GDP of Eurozone to date. and its also considering the fact that Germany and few other european economies could reduce their debt during last few years while there is no control on the fall of other European economies, stating this 'two way' European future.......

and here, China has been blamed for keeping its currency lower to gain on the export side and hence their Import stands at $1.95trillion and Export at $2.1 trillion by the last financial year, registering a Trade Surplus this way by a margin of around $150 billion. while on the other side, Indian rupees was estimated to be over valued by 17.6% at 60/USD? then, is there any surprise why trade deficit of India stood at around 66% to its export, hence bring CAD to so high level this way????
(export of India was at around $300billion and import at $500billion by 2011 to 2013) :toilet:

=> Despite touching 60, rupee still 17.6% overvalued: Nomura - The Times of India

your CAD worries is directly related to your importing power, which is because of Over Valued Indian Rupees. and you need to depreciate Indian Rupees to the level where it may make the imported products "expansive enough to be imported". :thumb:


Short Time Pain will Bring Long Term Benefits

here, we find, Indian companies have been struggling due to the imported Chinese products, due to "under valued Yuan". and if India produce the same products domestically, it will first provide more jobs to the Indian workers, hence increasing both, the direct and indirect taxes this way. then why is there any reason to keep importing those products which may be produced domestically, and its not possible until you make the imported products, to be expansive enough to be imported? (the short term pain of higher petrol/diesel prices will finally benefit India in future.)

the world is changing and there is a limit, the US can borrow the debt to maintain their current $2.0trillion+ import. and there is no sign that fall of European economies has reached its bottom :nono:

India needs to prepare itself considering the circumstances of 2018/20+ when its 90% trade would occur within Asia only. as China will have got a major share of High Tech export business till then, and oil/gas/metal import will come from Asia itself, with reliance on Japan/Singapore for those high tech products which India or China will not be able to produce till 2020. there is no meaning to ignore this biggest threat, when 90% Indian trade will have got limited to Asia only by 2018/20+, and India would prepare itself for those circumstances from today. :india:

as discussed in my post as above, now India needs to do much more to have more SEZs :thumb:



=> SEZ units hit tax hurdles for domestic supplies | Business Line :toilet:


and as discussed above, now India needs to do much more to have more SEZs. we hope its number to be thrice by 2020, to meet the industrial growth target. we want at least 500+ SEZs by 2020. India can't achieve its target to bring the manufacturing share to be around 25% of GDP target until we have "Structural Reform of Indian Economy", and having more SEZs is the first step in this regard.

to prepare for the circumstances at 2020+, India does need a type of "Structural Reform" considering industrial production growth. India already have a range of Institutions, for high to low level skills, with new infrastructure projects like express way/ ports/ airport etc, along with reaching Youth Literacy rate closed to 90% soon. its filled with highly competent professionals, at a low salary, and only hurdle in this direction for having more SEZs....

and we have been getting news that acquiring farmers lands has been the main issue in this regard. and here we find an Asian country like Singapore to be a type SEZ as a whole country, then why this big country like India has so much problems in acquiring lands for SEZs? we had this type of problems in 50s and 60s also when the government wanted to lay down roads and there used to be much resistances from the same type of farmers demands. then why can't India acquire the prime lands by 'forceful' methods, as it were adopted before also, for the key infrastructure projects in 50s to 80s? i mean, if a land of farmer cost 1.0 lacs per 1000 square feet then just through 3.0 lacs for those lands and get it????? and if there is more resistance then just through 5.0lacs+, 5 times, for the same type of land?????

such a big country like India, which is even export of food grains but it face problems for acquiring lands because of farmers?, i always doubt why????
 
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hello_10

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China Widens Lead as World's Largest Manufacturer
March 14th, 2013

According to the latest research from the United Nations, China has further outpaced its competitors in world manufacturing, generating $2.9 trillion in output annually versus $2.43 trillion from the U.S., the world's second-largest manufacturing economy. :china:

Over the last two years, China's manufacturing sector has made strong gains, while the U.S. has been mired in economic and political doldrums.

"In 2011, China's manufacturing output surged by 23 percent while manufacturing output in the U.S. only increased by 2.8 percent," the American Enterprise Institute explains. "That brought China's manufacturing output last year to more than $2.9 trillion, which was almost half a trillion dollars (and 20 percent) more manufacturing output than the $2.43 trillion of manufacturing output that was produced in the U.S. last year."

America's trade gap with China also widened considerably over the same period. According to statistics from the Manufacturers Alliance for Productivity and Innovation (MAPI), the U.S. trade deficit with China rose by 8 percent to $498 billion in 2012, while the Chinese surplus increased 15 percent, to $755 billion.

MAPI officials point out that from 2009 to 2012, "the U.S. deficit rose by $172 billion, or 53 percent, while the Chinese surplus soared by $333 billion, or an extraordinary 79 percent."

In addition to striking a blow to national pride, the comparatively slower growth in U.S. production versus Chinese manufacturing has also cost many jobs. MAPI found that the three-year increase in the U.S. trade deficit resulted in the loss of 700,000 to 1.4 million American manufacturing jobs, including 140,000 to 280,000 jobs in 2012 alone. :ranger:

China's output gains have been driven primarily through domestic demand, as "gains in new business allowed manufacturers to step up production by adding jobs and making more purchases," the Associated Press reports. :truestory:

HSBC's chief China economist, Qu Hongbin Qu, told AP that while external demand was still "tepid," the domestic-driven restocking process "is likely to add steam to China's ongoing recovery in the coming months."

However, many experts consider the rapid growth in Chinese manufacturing to be unsustainable unless the country begins to reorient its economy toward more advanced processes and complex products.

China is currently in an "edgy transition," the Financial Times notes. "As the country ages and reaches the limits of physical labor and capital accumulation, its growth model will have to shift towards transformative technology and innovation."

The factors putting stress on China's industrial economy include a downturn in overall productivity, which is a vital part of economic growth and depends on technological change and institutional efficiency. So while China might have produce a higher quantity of manufactured goods, the U.S. still leads in quality and advanced manufacturing, particularly aircraft and other specialized products.

Moreover, the costs of offshoring production are becoming increasingly onerous for U.S. companies. Given the insecurity of intellectual property in China and other factors, many businesses are discovering that it makes more sense to keep production capacity at home.

Last year, Manufacturing Trends and News concluded that "changes in the economic environment are making homeshoring more and more attractive, with a number of manufacturers actively moving their offshore operations back to the home turf."

Instead of simply looking at cheaper labor costs, manufacturers now look at the "total cost of ownership," or TCO. This relies on a comprehensive view of the manufacturing industry, taking into account the cost of quality, delivery, transportation, energy consumption, labor monitoring, carrying stock, freight, packaging, and all other aspects of production.

In addition, Chinese labor costs are rising an average 15 to 20 percent per year, compared to only 2 percent increases in the U.S. :thumb:

More importantly, the overall U.S. economy is considerably more diverse and less dependent on a handful of major industries than China's, meaning that growth can continue despite slowdowns in individual industries.

"America's household consumption alone generated $10.7 trillion of economic activity in 2011 – $3.5 trillion more than China's entire gross domestic product," the Atlantic observes. "This, despite the fact that our population is one quarter the size."

Despite China's accelerating growth, the U.S. continues to lead in top-end manufacturing and smart technologies. And if additive manufacturing, or 3-D printing, expands as forecast, America is likely to further solidify its position as the world's leader in advanced production capabilities.

China Widens Lead as World's Largest Manufacturer
 
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hello_10

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Most-Favoured FDI Destination: UN report



http://www.unctad-docs.org/files/UNCTAD-WIR2011-Full-en.pdf

=> Firms see India 3rd most-favoured destination: UN report - Reuters -


Outward FDI Exceed Inward Flows
NEW DELHI, MAY 22

India's overseas investments reached close to 27 billion dollars, exceeding the inflows on equity account of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in fiscal 2012-13, ASSOCHAM findings revealed here today.

The study said India's overseas investment, comprising loans, equity and loans guaranteed aggregated to 26.83 billion dollars in financial year 2012-13, with maximum outflows taking place in October-January. However, the maximum outflow took place in June touching 3.53 billion dollars, the study said.

It said overseas investments would exceed the FDI inflows on account of equity capital which totalled nearly 21 billion dollars between April- February of the fiscal 2012-13, the latest period for which data is available. Unlike in March, 2012, when one or two big ticket investments had pushed the monthly figure to a new high, there was no major inflow during March, 2013, the study said. :ranger:

The study says in so far as the outward investments from India are concerned, they have mostly gone to Singapore, the Netherlands and a significant amount to the tax haven of Cayman Islands. For instance in March, out of the 1.88 billion dollars of total overseas investments, close to one billion dollars went to Cayman Islands.

The study said although India's overseas investment is higher than the inward inflows, the overall investment climate in most parts of the globe is a dampener. "Risk aversion and lack of investment appetite is seen all through. It is not that only India is losing its position as an investment destination, but there is a demand slowdown and over capacity in many parts of the globe," according to the findings.

The study reveals that investment from Indian companies abroad has gone in areas relating to manufacturing, trade, restaurants, agri business and mining businesses. :thumb: On the other hand, recent bullish trends in the global stock markets are seen riding on quantitative easing and printing of money by central banks, mainly in the United States, some European countries and significantly in Japan. UNI

http://www.univarta.com/eng/display...k=3325weare24olym54hrt56u6755uwere21stories22
 

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AMW Motors Ltd.(AMW) is one of India's leading HCV manufacturer offering transport solutions for a new competitive age in India's fast-growing economy.




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=> http://www.amwmotors.com/videos/Corp_film.mp4


Automobiles | HCV | Heavy Commercial Vehicles - AMW

Automobiles | HCV | Heavy Commercial Vehicles - AMW
 
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Reynold India Pvt. Ltd. is the largest manufacturer of Process Chillers in India, having exports to over 50 countries around the world, including EU & US.



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We manufacture our Products from three modern and equipped manufacturing facilities, one in Delhi NCR and two in Uttarakhand. We have installed over 6000 Chillers worldwide. We bring to the industry the latest innovations benefiting our customers, through energy efficiency, lowest equipment life-cycle costs as well as customisation as per the specific process needs. The endeavour is being recognised by our clients, many of them being associated with us on a continued basis, namely, Reliance, ITC, L&T, GSK, Wartsila Diesel, Maruti Suzuki, Hero Honda, GE, Converteam, Jaypee Group, Wipro, Hindustan Unilever, Bayer, Novartis, Dow Chemical, Siemens, Philips, LG, ABB, Evonik, UB, Johnson & Johnson, The Coca Cola Company, Reckitt Benckiser, Biocon, Cadila, Piramal Healthcare, Astrazeneca, Asian Paints, Akzonobel, Tata, Birla, Ashok Leyland, TVS, Punj Lloyd, Motherson, Britannia, Dabur, BHEL, NTPC, DRDO, Indian Oil, KNPC (Kuwait National Petroleum Company), Lukoil Company, Kuwait Oil Company (KOC), Dr Reddy's, Ericsson India and many more.



Our Profile - Reynold India Private Limited
 

hello_10

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Emami Limited

Emami Limited is one of the leading and fastest growing personal and healthcare businesses in India, with an enviable portfolio of household brand names such as BoroPlus, Navratna, Fair and Handsome, Zandu Balm, Mentho Plus Balm and Fast Relief.




Established in 1974, we have a portfolio of over 250 products based on ayurvedic formulations. Our current operations comprise more than 60 countries including GCC, Europe, Africa, CIS countries and the SAARC. Over 100 Emami products are sold every second somewhere around the world. Emami Limited, the flagship company of the Group, recorded a turnover of Rs 1699 crore, 2012-13.




Emami acquired the heritage brand Zandu on the basis of huge business synergy between the two brand portfolios. We employ 2500 people , reach out to 40 lakh retails outlets through a network of 3000 distributors and have invested in seven plants , four regional offices, 1 overseas unit, five overseas subsidiaries and 32 distribution centres across India.




Overseas operations

Emami markets personal and health care products across 60 countries, with primary focus in Gulf & Middle-East, CIS, SAARC, Africa and SEA regions. We have dedicated manufacturing units in India and abroad to develop products suited to meet the diverse needs and preferences of consumers in different markets.




Emami Ltd has opted for innovation as one of its growth strategies. Emami's range of fairness creams will be the growth drivers in the near future, according to Mohan Goenka, Director of the company.



The Hindu Business Line : `Fairness creams to be our growth drivers'

Natural Skin Care & Health Care Products – Emami Ltd

Natural Skin Care & Health Care Products – Emami Ltd
 
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hello_10

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here we have the Industrial Production Growth Rate of India during last decade, as below :thumb:



India - Industrial production growth rate - Historical Data Graphs per Year
.
here, we hope India might have got the 5th place by 2012 in this regard :thumb:
;



=> We have data's to 2009 as below, listing the total manufacturing output by countries till 2009

; Manufacturing output statistics - countries compared - Nation Master

Average GDP Growth Rate of Asian Industrialized Countries Since 1981

My this post is just to keep a record of the Comparative 'Average' Growth rate of India with "Newly Asian Industrialized" countries, along with the Matured Industrialized Asian countries like Korea, Japan, Singapore as below.

this effort is just to keep an eye on the Average Growth Rate of India since 1981 to 2013, as compared to other 'Asian' Industrialized Countries :thumb:

Select Country or Country Groups

=> Newly industrialized country - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


Growth Rate Comparison since 1980 to 2013, for the 34 years

1st, China: 9.89% since 1980

2nd, India: 6.2% since 1981

3rd, Philippines: 3.4% since 1980

4th, Thailand: 5.4% since 1980

5th, Indonesia: 5.2% since 1980

6th, Malaysia: 5.8% since 1980

7th, Singapore: 6.6% since 1980

8th, Korea: 6.2% since 1980

9th, Taiwan: 5.7% since 1980

10th, Japan: 2.1% since 1980

=> Select Country or Country Groups


and this comparison clearly tells us, how population growth rate of around 2% since 1981, with 500mil extra people this way, has covered every success of India since 1947. while total number of Middle Class of India is itself more than total population at the time of freedom, 1947 :facepalm:


=> Average Growth Rate of India since Independence, since 1951 is estimated at 5.81%, to date, as below......

From 1951 until 2013, India GDP Annual Growth Rate averaged 5.81 Percent reaching an all time high of 10.2 Percent in December of 1988 and a record low of -5.2 Percent in December of 1979.

India GDP Annual Growth Rate | Actual Data | Forecasts | Calendar

=> we also have a comparison of India and China's Per Capita Income on PPP since 1990 as below, telling us the difference between Indian Open Market strategy with Chinese one since 1990...... India could have only around 5.3% growth rate for the 12 years in between 1991 to 2001, around 5.6% during the 90s since 1991, as below, because of failing to even 'copy' the Chinese Economic Reforms in 1991. :toilet:
(Chinese Economic reform took place in 1982.........)

=> India GDP - real growth rate - Economy


We did know India as a richer country than China till 1990, as usual talks in our schools.........

GDP Per Capita of India and China in 1990, as compared to Russia and UK

BRITAIN GDP PER CAPITA PPP at 1990, $22808.53
United Kingdom GDP per capita PPP
RUSSIA GDP PER CAPITA PPP at 1990, $13066.41 :russia:
Russia GDP per capita PPP

INDIA GDP PER CAPITA PPP at 1990, $1216.63
India GDP per capita PPP

CHINA GDP PER CAPITA PPP AT 1990, $1100.66
China GDP per capita PPP
 
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hello_10

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the NDA signed off in 2004 with 8.4 percent growth, while the UPA will be signing off next year at growth rates below 5 percent.

The last nine years of the UPA can be broken up into two clear segments – in the first half (2004-2008) we had 8.85 percent super growth; in the next five years, we had a 7 percent average. Add the current year's likely growth of 4.4 percent and the average growth for the seven-year period will be more like 6.5-6.6 percent. Not too different from the NDA period. And it's the result of no reforms being carried out during UPA-1 and UPA-2 till late last year. The real difference between Gowda, Vajpayee and the latter half of Manmohan Singh's regime is very little – and the growth rate has been between 6-7 percent. It is only the 2004-08 period that stood out with its 8.85 percent performance. Does this prove that UPA did better than the other governments, including its own second half performance from 2008-2013? Unlikely.

http://www.firstpost.com/business/g...ards-ndas-1127377.html?utm_source=ref_article

Once we open mouth, we then get responsible to say more......

i prepared a post in response to the news as below, in response to Indian Finance Minister. its not about supporting or opposing anyone but my statement as below does say something.............

India's Economic Growth Rate Since 1991 Economic Reforms

in response to the above news, we have few basic comparison between the Congress and BJP's governments growth rates during 90s to date as below :thumb:

1st; even MBA degrees expires after 10 years, and different decades belong to different circumstances of that certain decade. right now European economies are being bankrupted, so even 7% growth rate of China is OK at present, similarly other world economies are on slow down. while it was well above 10% growth rate for China till 2010, and the same we find Chinese Growth rate around 7% only during 1998 to 2001, when ASEAN economies fallen, and made its effects on the Asian economies including India too, including on the BJP's 1998-2004 period....... otherwise the same China had around 11.5% growth rate during 90s to 1997....

2nd; from here, Indian Economic Reforms were taken place in 1991, and Growth Rate of India was at around 5.55% only during the decade of 90s, while it was around 5.6% during 80s, before economic reforms of 1991 :toilet:

=> India GDP - real growth rate - Economy

3rd;, Per Capita Income of India at PPP was well above to China at 1991, while its hardly 1/3rd of China right now????? while Chinese Economic reforms were taken place in 1982/84? a joke used to be made during last decade that, even if China copy European technologies, India couldn't copy even Chinese Economic Reforms in 1991 :toilet:
(growth rate of China was well above 10% during the same 90s.)

=> China GDP per capita PPP ($1,100.66 at 1991)
=> India GDP per capita PPP ($1216.63 at 1991) :india:


with the above joke, international students used to directly ask question during early 2000s that, " no matter what Mr Nawaz Sharif says, its the India which would say, what exactly difference between Indian and Pakistani reforms???? and why it isn't a copy of Pakistan's one?" :toilet:

Sharif was the prime minister in October 1990 and initiated an ambitious economic programme. In June 1991, Rao became the Indian prime minister and appointed Manmohan Singh as the finance minister. Soon the rupee was devalued and Rao abolished industrial licensing and other socialist measures which India had not adopted until then.

=> India copied Pak reforms in 1990s: Nawaz Sharif
4th, First 8.0%+ 'surprised' growth rate of India occurred by 2003-04, after 12 years of 1991 Economic Reform, then Mr Vajpayee retired in June 2004. and as management concepts generally expires in 10 years, the 1991's economic reforms expired by the decade 90s, and the last decade belongs to the initiatives of Vajpayee government, taken by early last decade.:truestory:
hence, in the above news, the period of 2004-08 was belonging to Vajpayee's government work till 2003-04, which first broght growth rate of India at 8.0%+ growth rate :wave:

=> India logs 8.2% GDP growth rate in 2003-04

(similarly, even if India may manage 6.5%+ growth during this decade then its 'good' in the current world's environment.)


5th, Vajpayee Government's 6.0%+ growth rate during 1998-2004 came while facing fall of ASEAN economies since 1998, economic sanctions after 1998 nuclear test which was an extended work of Mr Rao. military stand off in 2001, biggest drought of last 80s years in 2002, Kargil War in 1999 etc.... heavy initiatives of Infrastructure were done during that period, all the major Infrastructure projects like Gram Sarak Yojna, Metro rails, many defence technology transfer for key defence arms, with many other infrastructure projects started during Vajpayee government which then resulted in high path of India's growth during last decade of 2000s.

1991's Economic Reforms refers to the next 10 years of India, which was hardly around 5.4% growth rate from 1991 to 2001 as below. less than 5.6% Growth Rate of India during 80s too .........

India GDP - real growth rate - Economy


and the standard of 90s growth rate is much poor as compared to Overall India's Growth Rate since Independence too :facepalm:

From 1951 until 2013, India GDP Annual Growth Rate averaged 5.81 Percent reaching an all time high of 10.2 Percent in December of 1988 and a record low of -5.2 Percent in December of 1979.

http://www.tradingeconomics.com/india/gdp-growth-annual
 
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hello_10

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.
in fact, we can't blame a single person for any good or bad for the whole country. we do have a letter of Mr Gandhi written to India's second Father of Nation, Netji SC Bose, as below. which clearly states that India will rise or fall by quality of sum of her many millions :thumb:

SELECTED LETTERS FROM SELECTED WORKS OF MAHATMA GANDHI

To Subhash Chandra Bose


Birla House,
New Delhi,
2-4-1939




My dear Subhash,

I have yours of 31st march as also the previous one. You are quite frank and I like your letters for the clear enunciation of your views.

The view you express seem to be so diametrically opposed to those of the others and my own that I do not see any possibility of bridging them. I think that such school of thought should be able to put forth its views before the country without any mixture. And if this is honestly done, I do not see why there should be any bitterness engaging in civil war.

What is wrong is not the differences between us but loss of mutual respect and trust. This will be remedied by time which is the best healer. If there is real non-violence in us, there can be no civil war and much bitterness.

Taking all things into consideration, I am of opinion that you should at once form your own Cabinet fully representing your views. Formulate your programme definitely and put it before the forthcoming A. I. C. C. If the Committee accepts the programme all will be plain-sailing and you should be enabled to prosecute it unhampered by the minority. If on the other hand your programme is not accepted you should resign and let the committee choose it president. And you will be free to educate the country along your lines.:ranger: I tender this advice irrespective of Pandit pant's resolution.

My prestige does not count. It has an independent value of its own. When my motive is suspected or my policy or programme rejected by the country, the prestige must go. India will rise and fall by the quality of the sum total of her many millions. Individuals, however high they may be, are of no account except in so far as they represent the many millions. Therefore let us rule it out of consideration. :india:



I wholly dissent from your view that the country has been never so violent as now. I smell violence in the air I breath. But the violence has pout on a subtle form. Our mutual distrust I a bad form of violence. The widening gulf between Hindus and Mussalmans points to the same thing. I can give further illustrations.

We seem to differ ad to the amount of corruptions in the Congress. My impression is that it is in the increase. I have been pleading for the past many months for a thorough scrutiny.

In these circumstances I se no atmosphere of non-violent mass action. An ultimatum without effective sanction is worse than useless.

But as I have told you that I am an old man perhaps growing timid and over-cautious and you have youth before you and reckless optimism born of youth. I hope you are right. I am wrong. I have the firm belief that the Congress as it is today cannot deliver goods, cannot offer civil disobedience worth the name. Therefore if your prognosis is right, I am s back and played out as the generalissimo of Satyagraha.

I am glad you have mentioned the little Rajkot affair. It brings into prominent relief the different angles from which we look at things. I have nothing to repent of in the steps I have taken I connection with it. I feel that it has great national importance. I have not stopped civil disobedience in the other States for the sake of Rajkot. But Rajkot opened my eyes. It showed me the way. I am not in Delhi for my health. I am reluctantly in Delhi awaiting the Chief Justice's decision. I hold it to be my duty to be in Delhi till the steps to be taken in due fulfillment of the Viceroy's declaration in his last wire to me are finally taken. I may not run any risk. If I was invited the Paramount Power to do its duty, I was bound to be in Delhi to see that the duty as fully performed. I saw nothing wrong in the Chief Justice being appointed the interpreter of the document whose meaning was put in doubt by the Thakor Sahib. By the way, Sir Maurice will examine the document not in his capacity as Chief Justice but as a trained jurist trusted by the Viceroy. By accepting the Viceroy's nominee as judge, I fancy I have shown both wisdom and grace and what is more important I have increased the Vice regal responsibility in the matter,

Though we have discussed sharp differences of opinion between us, I am quite sure that our private relations will not suffer in the least. If they are from the heart, I believe they are, they will bear the strain of these differences.

Love

BAPU
 
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sunny_10

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LCA Tejas during the Leh Winter Trials 2013

The complex geo-political nature of South Asia and its surroundings has resulted in major conflicts in the region in the past. From the very beginning after the birth of the nation, India has faced serious military threats. History has taught us that there is a compulsion to achieve self-reliance in design, development and production of critical weapon systems to guard the sovereignty of our country.

The LCA programme was launched in the early eighties for two primary purposes. The principal and most obvious goal was the development of a replacement aircraft for India's ageing MiG-21 fighters. The MiG-21 had been the mainstay of the Indian Air Force since the 1970s. The other main objective was to give an impetus for an across-the-board advancement of India's domestic aviation capability.

Tejas - India's Light Combat Aircraft | Official Website


Timeline

1983
DRDO got permission to initiate a programme to design and develop a Light Combat Aircraft.

1984
Government of India set up Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) as the nodal agency developing the LCA and managing the program

1985
IAF generated Air Staff Requirements (ASR) for LCA in October 1985.

1986
Government allocated Rupees 575 Crores for the LCA programme.
Programme to develop an indigenous power plant (engine)- Kaveri was launched at GTRE.

1987
Project definition commenced in October 1987 with French aircraft major Dassault Aviation as consultants.

1988
Project definition phase completed in September 1988.

1989
Government review committee expressed confidence in LCA programme. It was decided that the programme will be implemented in two phases.


1990 - 1999

1990
Design of LCA was completed as a tail-less compound delta winged relaxed static stability aircraft.
Phase 1 (Technology Demonstrator) of the development was commenced to create the proof of concept.

1993
Full funding approved from April 1993 and development work for phase 1 started in June.

1995
First technology demonstrator, TD-1, rolled out on 17th November.

1997
Multi-Mode Radar (MMR) for LCA design work started at HAL Hyderabad division and LRDE.

2000 - 2009

2001
4th January – the historic first flight of the Technology Demonstrator TD-1 marking a new era in the aviation history of India.

2002
6th June - TD-2 made her successful maiden flight.

2003
Prime minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee named LCA – "Tejas" meaning Radiance in ancient Indian language Sanskrit.
Tejas crossed the sonic barrier for the first time
25th November - PV-1 made her successful maiden flight.

2005
1st December - PV-2 made her successful maiden flight.

2006
1st December - PV-3 flew for the first time for 27 minutes at an altitude of 2.5 km and at a speed of Mach 0.8. PV-3 was equipped with a more advanced pilot interface, refined avionics and higher control law capabilities compared with the previous versions.

2007
25th April - The first Limited Series Production LCA (LSP-1) made her first flight and reached a speed of Mach 1.1 in the very first flight.
PV-2 and PV-3 underwent sea-level trials at INS Rajali Naval Air Station, Arakkonam to study the effects of flying at sea-level, as all earlier trials have been conducted at Bangalore which is 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea-level. The reliability of the LCA systems under the hot and humid conditions, as well as low level flight characteristics was tested.
7th September - Tejas Prototype Vehicle (PV-1) made a successful flight with two external drop tanks of 800 Ltrs capacity.
25th October - Tejas PV-1 fired R-73 (CCM) missile for the first time. The trials were conducted off the Goa coast at INS Hansa Naval Air Station.
11th December - LITENING targeting pod was successfully tested on Tejas PV-2.

2008
28th May 2008 to 4th June 2008 - LCA Tejas prototypes PV-2 & PV-3 underwent hot weather trials at Air Force Station, Nagpur.
16th June - Tejas second Limited Series Production LCA (LSP-2) made its first flight.
7th November - LCA Prototype Vehicle-3 made first successful night flight.
13th December - PV-3 and LSP-2 completed the high altitude test at Leh, world's highest operational airfield.

2009
22nd January - Tejas completed 1000 flights. :truestory:


October - PV-3 and LSP-2 completed air-to-ground weapons delivery trials.
26th November - Two seater (Trainer) version of Tejas (PV-5) made its maiden flight on 26 Nov 09.
7th December - Tejas speed envelope expanded to 1350 km/h (CAS) while performing flight flutter test in a dive to near sea level. These tests were conducted at INS Hansa, Goa.


2010 - 2019

2010
6th June - TD-2 made her successful maiden flight.
23rd April - LCA Tejas LSP-3 made maiden flight. LSP-3 is close to the final configuration including the new air-data computers, Hybrid
Multi Mode Radar, new communication and navigation equipment and radar warning receiver. With this the LCA programme has completed 1350 test flights logging about 800 flying hours.
2nd June - LCA Tejas LSP-4 made successful maiden Flight. In addition to the LSP-3 standard of preparation, the aircraft also flew with the Countermeasure Dispensing System.
19 November - LCA Tejas LSP-5 made successful maiden Flight.

2011
10th January - Certification for the Release to Service.

2012
9th March - The Tejas Light Combat Aircraft, LSP-7 accomplished its maiden flight from HAL airport on 9th March 2012
29th April - The Naval version of the Indian Light Combat Aircraft Tejas, made its maiden flight from the HAL airport in Bangalore. This was a significant milestone in the history of Indian Aviation in designing a naval variant of a fighter aircraft.

2013
22nd February - The LCA took part in the Iron Fist Exercise in Pokhran, Jaisalmer :thumb:
31st March - The Tejas Light Combat Aircraft, LSP-8 accomplished its maiden flight from HAL airport.

20th Decemeber: LCA Tejas inducted into the Indian Air Force :india:

Indian Defence Minister Mr. A.K. Antony today handed over the "Release to Service Document" of the country's own Light Combat Aircraft to The Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal NAK Browne. :truestory:



LCA Tejas - History: Timeline
 
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sunny_10

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Tejas an ideal replacement for MiG, says Antony
December 21, 2013

The aircraft gets initial clearance for joining IAF, 30 years after the project was sanctioned

In its indigenous Light Combat Aircraft, Tejas, India has found an ideal replacement for the MiGs which have for decades been the mainstay of the country's air defence, Defence Minister A.K. Antony said after handing over the Release to Service Certificate of the country's own LCA to the Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal NAK Browne at a function in Bangalore. :ranger:

The event marked the fruition of three decades of efforts to make a fighter aircraft of international standards. The Initial Operational Clearance-II of Tejas, the LCA has come barely a week after the flying of the iconic Mig 21 FL fighter into IAF's history.

Speaking to the media at the grant of Initial Operational Clearance-II to the LCA MK-I, that has been designed and produced by Aeronautical Development Agency along with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, Defence Minister A.K. Antony said "this aircraft meets the staff requirement of the Indian Air Force and so they have accepted it."

During the last three years, he said, the capabilities of the aircraft have been improved significantly and the Indian Air Force has thus decided to grant it the higher IOC for induction into service. "The improvements to the aircraft have enhanced the flight envelope of the aircraft and also its weapon delivery capability."

Mr. Antony, who also witnessed a flight and operation capability display by three LCA MK I aircraft, said with the grant of the IOC-II, the aircraft has entered the production phase. "The LCA MK-I would go into immediate production and two squadrons comprising 40 aircraft would be raised by the Indian Air Force by 2015 and 2017 respectively and they would be based in Sulur in Tamil Nadu."

After this the production of MK-II variant would be undertaken and IAF would raise four squadrons. In all about 200 aircraft would be inducted into the force. On why more aircraft would not be inducted, Air Chief Marshal Browne said it was so because the operational requirement for a particular type of aircraft were limited. "We require a balanced force which also has medium and heavy aircraft. The LCA seeks to replace the MiGs, whereas the medium range comprises aircraft like Mirage and the heavy like Sukhoi."
:thumb:

About 250 MiGs still remain in the IAF which at the peak of their use had about 600 of them. The IAF had started decommissioning Mig 21 Type FL 77 category earlier this month.

Mr. Antony said with the IOC-2, the LCA project will become a reality now and IAF pilots will start flying the aircraft from "tomorrow". He termed this development the "semi final" before the Final Operational Clearance due in December next year. In the coming year, mid-air refuelling capability would be added to the aircraft and beyond visual range (BVR) missiles would be installed before it goes for Final Operational Clearance in December 2014.

The Minister, however, urged the scientists working on the project not to get complacent as the next phase was critical.

As for the future, Mr. Antony said some of the projects on the anvil include the MK II variants for Navy and Air Force, the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft, Unmanned Air Systems, Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft and the Medium Transport Aircraft.

On the delays that plagued the project, Mr. Antony said lessons have been learnt and "we have reached a stage where we can say that we can make it". He admitted that the production of the aircraft engine -- which is of General Electric 404 make as the indigenously developed Kaveri engine could not live up to the expectation – remains a challenge. "But we are still working on it and have not given up. The MK-II variant will have the GE 414 engine."

Air Chief Marshal Browne said till now the flying was on telemetry by test pilots but now the service document has given full envelope and profile of aircraft. "With the integration of new BVR missiles, integral guns and air-to-air refuelling capability, the LCA will acquire increased potency and enhanced operational efficiency as envisaged at the FOC level."

He said the final goal remained the LCA MK II which would be the "final version in its projected force structure". This would have the critical GE 414 engine integration for enhanced thrust along with a better intake design and improved maintainability of the platform.

Stating that IAF has been closely monitoring this project through monthly review meetings in 2007, the Air chief said he was fully satisfied with the design changes that have been undertaken.

The Air Chief also spoke about how in the absence of training aircraft in the LCA series, the IAF was initially only deploying its experienced pilots. "The trainer aircraft will take some more time but will ultimately join the squadrons."

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/sc...cement-for-mig-says-antony/article5482654.ece
 
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krushed18

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LCA Tejas during the Leh Winter Trials 2013

The complex geo-political nature of South Asia and its surroundings has resulted in major conflicts in the region in the past. From the very beginning after the birth of the nation, India has faced serious military threats. History has taught us that there is a compulsion to achieve self-reliance in design, development and production of critical weapon systems to guard the sovereignty of our country.

The LCA programme was launched in the early eighties for two primary purposes. The principal and most obvious goal was the development of a replacement aircraft for India's ageing MiG-21 fighters. The MiG-21 had been the mainstay of the Indian Air Force since the 1970s. The other main objective was to give an impetus for an across-the-board advancement of India's domestic aviation capability.

Tejas - India's Light Combat Aircraft | Official Website


Timeline

1983
DRDO got permission to initiate a programme to design and develop a Light Combat Aircraft.

1984
Government of India set up Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) as the nodal agency developing the LCA and managing the program

1985
IAF generated Air Staff Requirements (ASR) for LCA in October 1985.

1986
Government allocated Rupees 575 Crores for the LCA programme.
Programme to develop an indigenous power plant (engine)- Kaveri was launched at GTRE.

1987
Project definition commenced in October 1987 with French aircraft major Dassault Aviation as consultants.

1988
Project definition phase completed in September 1988.

1989
Government review committee expressed confidence in LCA programme. It was decided that the programme will be implemented in two phases.


1990 - 1999

1990
Design of LCA was completed as a tail-less compound delta winged relaxed static stability aircraft.
Phase 1 (Technology Demonstrator) of the development was commenced to create the proof of concept.

1993
Full funding approved from April 1993 and development work for phase 1 started in June.

1995
First technology demonstrator, TD-1, rolled out on 17th November.

1997
Multi-Mode Radar (MMR) for LCA design work started at HAL Hyderabad division and LRDE.

2000 - 2009

2001
4th January – the historic first flight of the Technology Demonstrator TD-1 marking a new era in the aviation history of India.

2002
6th June - TD-2 made her successful maiden flight.

2003
Prime minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee named LCA – "Tejas" meaning Radiance in ancient Indian language Sanskrit.
Tejas crossed the sonic barrier for the first time
25th November - PV-1 made her successful maiden flight.

2005
1st December - PV-2 made her successful maiden flight.

2006
1st December - PV-3 flew for the first time for 27 minutes at an altitude of 2.5 km and at a speed of Mach 0.8. PV-3 was equipped with a more advanced pilot interface, refined avionics and higher control law capabilities compared with the previous versions.

2007
25th April - The first Limited Series Production LCA (LSP-1) made her first flight and reached a speed of Mach 1.1 in the very first flight.
PV-2 and PV-3 underwent sea-level trials at INS Rajali Naval Air Station, Arakkonam to study the effects of flying at sea-level, as all earlier trials have been conducted at Bangalore which is 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea-level. The reliability of the LCA systems under the hot and humid conditions, as well as low level flight characteristics was tested.
7th September - Tejas Prototype Vehicle (PV-1) made a successful flight with two external drop tanks of 800 Ltrs capacity.
25th October - Tejas PV-1 fired R-73 (CCM) missile for the first time. The trials were conducted off the Goa coast at INS Hansa Naval Air Station.
11th December - LITENING targeting pod was successfully tested on Tejas PV-2.

2008
28th May 2008 to 4th June 2008 - LCA Tejas prototypes PV-2 & PV-3 underwent hot weather trials at Air Force Station, Nagpur.
16th June - Tejas second Limited Series Production LCA (LSP-2) made its first flight.
7th November - LCA Prototype Vehicle-3 made first successful night flight.
13th December - PV-3 and LSP-2 completed the high altitude test at Leh, world's highest operational airfield.

2009
22nd January - Tejas completed 1000 flights. :truestory:


October - PV-3 and LSP-2 completed air-to-ground weapons delivery trials.
26th November - Two seater (Trainer) version of Tejas (PV-5) made its maiden flight on 26 Nov 09.
7th December - Tejas speed envelope expanded to 1350 km/h (CAS) while performing flight flutter test in a dive to near sea level. These tests were conducted at INS Hansa, Goa.


2010 - 2019

2010
6th June - TD-2 made her successful maiden flight.
23rd April - LCA Tejas LSP-3 made maiden flight. LSP-3 is close to the final configuration including the new air-data computers, Hybrid
Multi Mode Radar, new communication and navigation equipment and radar warning receiver. With this the LCA programme has completed 1350 test flights logging about 800 flying hours.
2nd June - LCA Tejas LSP-4 made successful maiden Flight. In addition to the LSP-3 standard of preparation, the aircraft also flew with the Countermeasure Dispensing System.
19 November - LCA Tejas LSP-5 made successful maiden Flight.

2011
10th January - Certification for the Release to Service.

2012
9th March - The Tejas Light Combat Aircraft, LSP-7 accomplished its maiden flight from HAL airport on 9th March 2012
29th April - The Naval version of the Indian Light Combat Aircraft Tejas, made its maiden flight from the HAL airport in Bangalore. This was a significant milestone in the history of Indian Aviation in designing a naval variant of a fighter aircraft.

2013
22nd February - The LCA took part in the Iron Fist Exercise in Pokhran, Jaisalmer :thumb:
31st March - The Tejas Light Combat Aircraft, LSP-8 accomplished its maiden flight from HAL airport.

20th Decemeber: LCA Tejas inducted into the Indian Air Force :india:

Indian Defence Minister Mr. A.K. Antony today handed over the "Release to Service Document" of the country's own Light Combat Aircraft to The Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal NAK Browne. :truestory:

LCA Tejas - History: Timeline
Looking amazing flying in the sky. Wish i could fly it one day. :india:
 

krushed18

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LCA Tejas during the Leh Winter Trials 2013

The complex geo-political nature of South Asia and its surroundings has resulted in major conflicts in the region in the past. From the very beginning after the birth of the nation, India has faced serious military threats. History has taught us that there is a compulsion to achieve self-reliance in design, development and production of critical weapon systems to guard the sovereignty of our country.

The LCA programme was launched in the early eighties for two primary purposes. The principal and most obvious goal was the development of a replacement aircraft for India's ageing MiG-21 fighters. The MiG-21 had been the mainstay of the Indian Air Force since the 1970s. The other main objective was to give an impetus for an across-the-board advancement of India's domestic aviation capability.

Tejas - India's Light Combat Aircraft | Official Website


Timeline

1983
DRDO got permission to initiate a programme to design and develop a Light Combat Aircraft.

1984
Government of India set up Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) as the nodal agency developing the LCA and managing the program

1985
IAF generated Air Staff Requirements (ASR) for LCA in October 1985.

1986
Government allocated Rupees 575 Crores for the LCA programme.
Programme to develop an indigenous power plant (engine)- Kaveri was launched at GTRE.

1987
Project definition commenced in October 1987 with French aircraft major Dassault Aviation as consultants.

1988
Project definition phase completed in September 1988.

1989
Government review committee expressed confidence in LCA programme. It was decided that the programme will be implemented in two phases.


1990 - 1999

1990
Design of LCA was completed as a tail-less compound delta winged relaxed static stability aircraft.
Phase 1 (Technology Demonstrator) of the development was commenced to create the proof of concept.

1993
Full funding approved from April 1993 and development work for phase 1 started in June.

1995
First technology demonstrator, TD-1, rolled out on 17th November.

1997
Multi-Mode Radar (MMR) for LCA design work started at HAL Hyderabad division and LRDE.

2000 - 2009

2001
4th January – the historic first flight of the Technology Demonstrator TD-1 marking a new era in the aviation history of India.

2002
6th June - TD-2 made her successful maiden flight.

2003
Prime minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee named LCA – "Tejas" meaning Radiance in ancient Indian language Sanskrit.
Tejas crossed the sonic barrier for the first time
25th November - PV-1 made her successful maiden flight.

2005
1st December - PV-2 made her successful maiden flight.

2006
1st December - PV-3 flew for the first time for 27 minutes at an altitude of 2.5 km and at a speed of Mach 0.8. PV-3 was equipped with a more advanced pilot interface, refined avionics and higher control law capabilities compared with the previous versions.

2007
25th April - The first Limited Series Production LCA (LSP-1) made her first flight and reached a speed of Mach 1.1 in the very first flight.
PV-2 and PV-3 underwent sea-level trials at INS Rajali Naval Air Station, Arakkonam to study the effects of flying at sea-level, as all earlier trials have been conducted at Bangalore which is 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea-level. The reliability of the LCA systems under the hot and humid conditions, as well as low level flight characteristics was tested.
7th September - Tejas Prototype Vehicle (PV-1) made a successful flight with two external drop tanks of 800 Ltrs capacity.
25th October - Tejas PV-1 fired R-73 (CCM) missile for the first time. The trials were conducted off the Goa coast at INS Hansa Naval Air Station.
11th December - LITENING targeting pod was successfully tested on Tejas PV-2.

2008
28th May 2008 to 4th June 2008 - LCA Tejas prototypes PV-2 & PV-3 underwent hot weather trials at Air Force Station, Nagpur.
16th June - Tejas second Limited Series Production LCA (LSP-2) made its first flight.
7th November - LCA Prototype Vehicle-3 made first successful night flight.
13th December - PV-3 and LSP-2 completed the high altitude test at Leh, world's highest operational airfield.

2009
22nd January - Tejas completed 1000 flights. :truestory:


October - PV-3 and LSP-2 completed air-to-ground weapons delivery trials.
26th November - Two seater (Trainer) version of Tejas (PV-5) made its maiden flight on 26 Nov 09.
7th December - Tejas speed envelope expanded to 1350 km/h (CAS) while performing flight flutter test in a dive to near sea level. These tests were conducted at INS Hansa, Goa.


2010 - 2019

2010
6th June - TD-2 made her successful maiden flight.
23rd April - LCA Tejas LSP-3 made maiden flight. LSP-3 is close to the final configuration including the new air-data computers, Hybrid
Multi Mode Radar, new communication and navigation equipment and radar warning receiver. With this the LCA programme has completed 1350 test flights logging about 800 flying hours.
2nd June - LCA Tejas LSP-4 made successful maiden Flight. In addition to the LSP-3 standard of preparation, the aircraft also flew with the Countermeasure Dispensing System.
19 November - LCA Tejas LSP-5 made successful maiden Flight.

2011
10th January - Certification for the Release to Service.

2012
9th March - The Tejas Light Combat Aircraft, LSP-7 accomplished its maiden flight from HAL airport on 9th March 2012
29th April - The Naval version of the Indian Light Combat Aircraft Tejas, made its maiden flight from the HAL airport in Bangalore. This was a significant milestone in the history of Indian Aviation in designing a naval variant of a fighter aircraft.

2013
22nd February - The LCA took part in the Iron Fist Exercise in Pokhran, Jaisalmer :thumb:
31st March - The Tejas Light Combat Aircraft, LSP-8 accomplished its maiden flight from HAL airport.

20th Decemeber: LCA Tejas inducted into the Indian Air Force :india:

Indian Defence Minister Mr. A.K. Antony today handed over the "Release to Service Document" of the country's own Light Combat Aircraft to The Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal NAK Browne. :truestory:

LCA Tejas - History: Timeline
Looking amazing flying in the sky. Wish i could fly it one day. :india:
 

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