omaebakabaka
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I think this has no basis and just a general argument, it costs nothing to not litter and that takes away majority of the dirtiniess in India. Invest in trash collection and processing, it creates a lot of employment in lower income class. India is not as poor as you think, we are the only major economy to display this level of atrociousness when it comes to cleanliness and hygiene. You are assuming that middle class is better than lower class, I actually think middle class is the worst, they just keep their areas clean and behave the same way whether its temples, public roads or even flights.....they litter and show utter disregard as long as its not their property or surroundings. Most of India naturally grows vegetation given space, grass is extremely resilient without any watering. It may not be green but enough to keep erosion in check....India is not a desert and was one of the most fertile in the world, mismanagement and ground water exhaustion and just about everything like sanding the streams, rivers, deforestation and quarrying and what not are directly responsible for lack of natural vegetation these days“clean cities” come at a cost, that cost is ultimately paid for by citizens. cost is either paid for by the urban local bodies or by citizens themselves by way of fines.
in small tourism based countries this cost is usually paid for by govt as an investment into the tourism industry, more clean the tourist places more potential revenues from tourism.
In large western cities, this cost is paid for either by debt or costly public amenities. either way the citizen pays, there by driving up the cost of living.
in India’s case, our USP is low cost of living, hence less money is available to keep the place clean. a section of society do keep their surroundings clean, but it is largely limited to gated communities and within apartment compound. this category of society is usually middle class. so the argument can be made that cleanliness in India will increase as more and more people get into middle class.