India's largest naval destroyer INS VISAKHAPATNAM

nongaddarliberal

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Military ReviewArmamentNavy
Russia helped India build a destroyer
March 19, 2018


INS Visakhapatnam

Visacaptam ... Viscatham ... In general, it does not matter. Destroyer with the onboard number D66, the head ship of the type 15-Bravo of the naval forces of India. The year of the launch is 2013, the launch on 2015, the commissioning is expected in 2018.

INS Visakhapatnam was designed by the Office of Naval Research of India with the participation of specialists from the Northern Design Bureau (St. Petersburg).


Power plant - gas turbine, combined, type COGAG - two independent turbines for each propeller shaft. The ability to disable one of the turbines on the economic path improves fuel efficiency (since at full load the efficiency of the gas turbine is higher than in the 50% power mode). Two M36E units (4 gas turbines, two reducers) manufactured by Zorya-Mashproekt (Ukraine) are used as the main engines.

The shafts of the propeller shafts are made at the Baltic plant (St. Petersburg).

As part of auxiliary power equipment, diesel engines manufactured by Bergen-KVM (Norway) are used; four "Wärtsilä" generator sets WCM-1000 (Finland) driven by Cummins diesel engines KTA50G3 (USA).

The hull of the ship is made at the shipyard "Mazagon Dock Limited" (Mumbai).

The most notable innovation of the type 15B destroyer is its network centric BIUS, which allows for high situational awareness for each combat post. In addition to the basic functions of the combat control system (analysis of incoming information, classification and assignment of priorities, selection and preparation of weapons), the new version provides automatic distribution of energy between the ship's systems.

The Israeli IAI "Elta", with the limited participation of Indian specialists (Bharat Electronics) and the well-known European company "Thales Groups", was engaged in the creation of the radar complex and detection facilities for the Indian destroyer.



The destroyer of the previous type 15-Alfa (Calcutta), apparently identical to the destroyers 15-Bravo


The Israelis offered a multifunctional radar EL / M-2248 MF-STAR for the review of airspace and control of missile weapons. According to the developer, the use of active phased antennas improves the effectiveness of the MF-STAR radar when detecting low-noticeable targets in a complicated interference situation. To counter the radio interception systems, LPI (low probability of signal interception) technology is used, in which the learning frequency is tuned 1000 times per second. In addition to the basic functions, the radar can be used to adjust the artillery fire by bursts from falling projectiles.

The manufacturer pays attention to the small mass of the radar - consisting of four AFAR antenna posts together with the below deck equipment weighs only about 7 tons.

The only controversial aspect of the Israeli radar is its operating range (decimeter waves, S-band). This allowed to increase the detection range and eliminate the influence of weather conditions, in comparison with similar systems operating in the centimeter wave band (APAR, SAMPSON, OPS-50). But, proceeding from the world practice, such a decision should negatively affect the accuracy of accompanying high-speed small-sized targets.Perhaps, the specialists of "Elta" managed to partially solve the problem by means of software algorithms for signal processing.

The presence of a Thales LW-08 two-coordinate radar with a horn radiator and a parabolic reflector on the destroyer of the 21st century can cause surprise. In my opinion, the only reason for the appearance of LW-08 is its manufacturer - the company Bharat Electronics, which produces under license samples of European systems of the past generation.

Perfectly perfect for its time (1980s), the system is used as a backup radar in tandem with the multifunctional Israeli MF-STAR. The specified operating range D is an out-of-date designation for the decimeter range with wavelengths of 15-30 cm.

The key component of the destroyer's antiaircraft weaponry was the Israeli medium-long-range Barak-8 (Lightning-8) medium-range missile system capable of hitting air targets at ranges up to 70 km (some sources indicate a value of 100 km), in the altitude range from 0 to 16 000 m. Among the advantages - an active GOS, operating in the radio wave and thermal spectra (auxiliary IR-mode guidance for targets with small EPR).



The launch of an anti-aircraft missile with a destroyer of the type "Calcutta"


The complex is notable for its compactness (the starting mass of the missile is 275 kg), the storage and launching of the missile ammunition is made from the UVP. Among other advantages: a combat unit (60 kg), quite powerful for such a light-weight missile. Presence of a controlled thrust vector. The missile is equipped with a two-stroke engine, which makes it possible to realize the most profitable trajectories during flight to targets at different distances; and also to develop a high speed when approaching the target.

The most significant drawback of Bark missiles remains the low flight speed (2M) - five times slower than the domestic missile systems Fort. Partly, this problem is compensated by the possibility of re-engaging the solid propellant at the final section of the trajectory.

Another unpleasant feature is the launch from a specialized UVP, which forces two types of launchers, without the possibility of unification and its use for other types of munitions (Mk.41, European Sylver). However, if there is enough space on the ship, this problem recedes into the background.

A total of 32 launching cells for anti-aircraft missiles are provided on board the Indian destroyer.

The total cost of four sets of shipborne antiaircraft missile systems for constructing destroyers of type 15B was, according to official data, 630 million dollars (2017), a very moderate amount against the background of global trends.

If we do not take into account the personal interests of the responsible persons, the choice of Barak-8 as the main air defense means of the Indian fleet is dictated by the compactness and relatively low cost of the complex (at the cost of deteriorating the power capabilities of the missile defense system and limiting the range of interception). Barak-8 is a reasonable compromise, allowing to get capabilities close to the best systems of shipborne air defense / long-range missile defense, at much lower costs.

The destroyer's attack weapons include two modules (16 OHR) for launching two types of cruise missiles: long-range missiles Nirbhay ("Fearless", the Indian analogue of "Caliber") for striking ground targets at a range of 1000+ km, and "three-mahog" supersonic RCPs type PJ-10 BrahMos (Bakhmaputra-Moscow, a joint development based on the P-800 Onyx).




Taking into account the high characteristics of the BKR Brahmos (speed at low altitude 2.5 M +) and the number of missiles, the Indian destroyer in the anti-ship configuration (all 16 mines occupied by the RCC) outperforms all existing types of ships in shock. even rocket cruisers of the Soviet model.

Of course, this estimate does not correspond to the actual combat situation. All these are technical notes handed over for a sober assessment of the threats emanating from the Indian "missile carrier".

The destroyer is equipped with a set of classic antisubmarine weapons of various generations, the real effectiveness of which is difficult to assess. The presence on board of two anti-submarine / multipurpose helicopters (such as Sea King or HAL Dhruv) extends the boundaries of the zone of the PLO. On the other hand, the absence of missile torpedoes and the questionable characteristics of the ASG do not give confidence in the fight against modern submarines.

The destroyer is equipped with the sonar of the Indian company Bharat Electronics. Obviously, we are not talking about an undercover SSA, because in the images presented at the time of launching, there is no characteristic "drop" (a massive radar cowl in the bow of the destroyer). The presence of a towed low-frequency antenna is also not reported.



The notorious INS Visakhapatnam, caught on the cameras during the launch of the INS Khanderi submarine


For the destruction of submarines in the near zone are provided self-guided torpedoes of caliber 533 mm and two out-of-date RBU-6000. The presence of the latter is only a given to the traditions. Bombs (even jet) are completely ineffective in modern conditions. The only more or less realistic purpose is the destruction with their help of the detected torpedoes. This task also contains a lot of unknowns; To counter the torpedo threat, it is more useful to use various tow traps.

By the way, about the traps. The destroyer is equipped with a complex of production of passive jamming "Kavach" of its own Indian development. Kavach rockets can create veils from radio-reflecting particles at ranges up to 7 nautical miles.

Artillery. The destroyer is equipped with a 127-mm universal installation - a modern development of OTO Melara, also installed on European destroyers and frigates. The length of the barrel is 64 calibers. The range of fire can reach 30 km. Fully automatic system with a firing rate of 30+ rds / min.

The reason why the system data is still used in the fleet remains unclear. Too little power in 5 "shells to defeat any possible targets. On the other hand, 17 tons is a small price for the opportunity to make a warning shot under the nose of the intruder vessel. Or finish off the "podranok", making 150 cannons of mercy from the cannon.

For defense in the near zone, two batteries are provided - each consisting of two six-barrel AK-630s and a fire control radar. It is noteworthy that, unlike the US Navy, Indians do not save on such things. Or not yet fully realized the horror of the situation. Shoot down missiles near the ship - you can, but it's too late. In real combat, the benefit of any quick-firing cannon ("Phalanx", "Goalkeeper", etc.) remains questionable - fragments of downed missiles, one way or another, reach and damage ships.

conclusions

Structurally, INS Visakhapatnam and three of its colleagues continue the ideas laid down in the destroyers of the previous type of Calcutta (accepted into the fleet in 2014-2016), differing from them with enhanced armament and more modern stuffing.

The technical level of destroyers of the Indian Navy has not yet reached the favorites - first-class destroyers of the United Kingdom, the United States and Japan. And the presence of a dozen foreign contractors does not contribute to an increase in combat capability in the event of a deterioration in the international situation. And it only points to the weakness of the Indian military-industrial complex.

At the same time, the Indians managed to build one of the most interesting destroyers in its class (7000 tons), different from the American concept of the "Burke" adopted for the standard. Weaknesses of the project are leveled by its impressive anti-ship weapon. Unlike most fleets, the Indians build ships not to release a couple of missiles over ruins in the desert.

In the creation of the destroyer of the type 15-Bravo, Russian specialists also took part, who gained experience in the design of modern combat ships. Experience is what we get when we do not get what we want. To our Navy, such ships would also come in handy.
"Unlike most fleets, the Indians build ships not to release a couple of missiles over ruins in the desert."

Good quote. The primary goal of the Indian navy is to take on other advanced navies (though one opponent won't be so advanced). For that role, 16 Brahmos missiles and 32 Barak 8 missiles are perfect. I don't see any scenario where the Indian navy will be unleashing hundreds of Nirbhay missiles at some city. But we should build bigger destroyers with longer range air defence systems and additional nirbhay missiles that won't compete for the same VLS space with Brahmos.
 

shiphone

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normally the ships launched on the inclined building berth will have the bulb bow fitted in the Dry dock/on the floating dock after the launch...

1508482876156.jpg
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AUSTERLITZ

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Undergunned disappointment.Expected atleast 48 baraks or maybe vls cells for nirbhay,but IN failed again.Are these -the best IN can muster supposed to fight type 55s?Right now andaman is our one great trump card,but IN needs to step up and increase payload of these ships.Brahmos and Barak are both great weapons,far better than anything chin has.But 32 is simply not enough.
 

Chinmoy

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Undergunned disappointment.Expected atleast 48 baraks or maybe vls cells for nirbhay,but IN failed again.Are these -the best IN can muster supposed to fight type 55s?Right now andaman is our one great trump card,but IN needs to step up and increase payload of these ships.Brahmos and Barak are both great weapons,far better than anything chin has.But 32 is simply not enough.
Capability of a platform doesn't depends on the number of weapon it carries, but on the capability of individual weapon it carries.

32 barak 8 as of now could effectively engage 10 aerial threat simultaneously. 16 BRAHMOS are good enough to take out half of the surface ship of any CBG. Moreover these are modular in nature, which means it could be used simultaneously to launch Nirbhay. Nirbhay by the way is not yet completed.

Moreover INS Visakhapatnam is designed to be a smaller and stealthy the the Type 55 class. And destroyers like these are not lone fighters.
 

binayak95

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Undergunned disappointment.Expected atleast 48 baraks or maybe vls cells for nirbhay,but IN failed again.Are these -the best IN can muster supposed to fight type 55s?Right now andaman is our one great trump card,but IN needs to step up and increase payload of these ships.Brahmos and Barak are both great weapons,far better than anything chin has.But 32 is simply not enough.
The IN's combat doctrine doesn't envisage ships fighting alone. They'll be part of surface action groups or CBGs. With submarines and shore based EW aircraft support.
That means there will be enough radars and Barak 8 SAMs being coordinated by the Command ship to easily handle any saturation attack. And also means that there are enough Brahmos missiles to wipe oit any expeditionary force they can muster.

As far as Nirbhay is concerned, you do know that it's a LACM. It's not meant to attack ships.
 

AUSTERLITZ

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Go back to PDF. Pakis post here hoping for meme sympathy. How is your Paki Navy doing? Begging for frigates?

Type 055 is simply larger
Type 052D not a Kirov class battlecruiser.
Facepalm.I'm not a pakistani, fool.Type 55 is not just simply larger,its armament is extremely formidable.CBGs of new chinese carriers with type 55 and other heavy ships escorting it as well as PLAN subs will be a headache for IN in the next decade.We need to fortify andaman with brahmos batteries,and plan our defence around it when PLAN task force comes through narrow malacca chokepoint.
Pakistan navy surface fleet is irrelevant,1 kolkata class can take care of it.But their subs are dangerous.
 

AUSTERLITZ

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The IN's combat doctrine doesn't envisage ships fighting alone. They'll be part of surface action groups or CBGs. With submarines and shore based EW aircraft support.
That means there will be enough radars and Barak 8 SAMs being coordinated by the Command ship to easily handle any saturation attack. And also means that there are enough Brahmos missiles to wipe oit any expeditionary force they can muster.

As far as Nirbhay is concerned, you do know that it's a LACM. It's not meant to attack ships.
I know nirbhay is a LACM,most heavy surface ships these days have some land attack capability.The ship is excellent otherwise ,but i don't have confidence in just 32 baraks for a protracted fight.You generally shoot 2-3 SAM missiles for a sureshot kill against an incoming enemy missile.At that rate of expenditure,how long do you think vishakapatnam can be effective befopre it runs empty in a saturation strike?Either we need to expand number of barak vlsto 48 or ideally 64,or we need to quadpack small range PDM like sea-ram for additional numbers against saturation attacks.
 

binayak95

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Yes,the weapons are excellent on our ships.But the numbers are still not sufficient.You can only intercept 1 missile with one.And for prolonged fights 32 SAM is the lowest number found in big warships worldwide.As for the sexual innuendo,i take it as a sign of your immaturity.
It will never be one ship vs an enemy fleet. SIMPLE!
 

AUSTERLITZ

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Nobody is firing 50 CX 1 at you. Even then 2 Barak 8 have nearly 100% pk. Plus CBG will fight near land based batteries of both Brahmos and Barak 8. Space for other 32 missiles is something to the order of ESSM or Aster 15 to the best of my knowledge (Defexpo 2014).

P.S: I am a nearly 30 year old MBA graduate. If innuendos hurt you may I offer this:

Land based air support and brahmos batteries from andaman and south india are our trump card no doubt,but is that an excuse for having 32 SAM vls on a 7000 tonne latest model ship?You decide.For me answer is no.
 

undeadmyrmidon

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Land based air support and brahmos batteries from andaman and south india are our trump card no doubt,but is that an excuse for having 32 SAM vls on a 7000 tonne latest model ship?You decide.For me answer is no.
Like I said 32 more missiles when QRSAM is ready.
 

itsme

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Land based air support and brahmos batteries from andaman and south india are our trump card no doubt,but is that an excuse for having 32 SAM vls on a 7000 tonne latest model ship?You decide.For me answer is no.
There are many empty spaces on the vessel, what me thinks is for adding additional VLS sometime in the near future.
 

Steven Rogers

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I know nirbhay is a LACM,most heavy surface ships these days have some land attack capability.The ship is excellent otherwise ,but i don't have confidence in just 32 baraks for a protracted fight.You generally shoot 2-3 SAM missiles for a sureshot kill against an incoming enemy missile.At that rate of expenditure,how long do you think vishakapatnam can be effective befopre it runs empty in a saturation strike?Either we need to expand number of barak vlsto 48 or ideally 64,or we need to quadpack small range PDM like sea-ram for additional numbers against saturation attacks.
THese ships are armed with minimal deterrence, India def budget is not big enough to fund a big navy, airforce and army.
 

scatterStorm

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China doesn't have Aegis or anything remotely capable. IN know better than us.
Aegis was brought to it's knees in Black Sea. The USS Donald Cook Incidence. There are two sides to it.

1. EW was utilized by Russian jet.
2. Aegis was shut down by American Crew to stop any snooping attempt by the jet.

However, EW system in black sea are being tested by Russians. And the latter point can also be pretty much valid.
 

undeadmyrmidon

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Instead of getting Aegis Technology from The West to counter chinese Aegis the Neavy is building this glorified 2010s destroyers.

What a waste of tax payers money.
Hi shill, how's DFI compared to PDF?

P.S: MF STAR has 3x3 sqft arrays which are Superior to 8 sqft arrays of AN/SPY 1D frigate version. It has a nearly 500 km instrumental range for a target of upto 5 sqm. Coupled with Barak 8 having 90 - 100km range Mach 3 protection against AShM 32 missiles are great for fleet defense.

Another 32 QRSAM missiles will be added. The numbers of Barak 8 are small as that is not war loadout and it's better to be FFBNBW than be cocked up like the F 125 fiasco.
 

undeadmyrmidon

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Aegis was brought to it's knees in Black Sea. The USS Donald Cook Incidence. There are two sides to it.

1. EW was utilized by Russian jet.
2. Aegis was shut down by American Crew to stop any snooping attempt by the jet.

However, EW system in black sea are being tested by Russians. And the latter point can also be pretty much valid.
US will continue to dominate in radars. Upcoming AN/SPY 6 AESA will outperform AN/SPY 1D by 2 1/2 times for a target half the size.
 

HariPrasad-1

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Facepalm.I'm not a pakistani, fool.Type 55 is not just simply larger,its armament is extremely formidable.CBGs of new chinese carriers with type 55 and other heavy ships escorting it as well as PLAN subs will be a headache for IN in the next decade.We need to fortify andaman with brahmos batteries,and plan our defence around it when PLAN task force comes through narrow malacca chokepoint.
Pakistan navy surface fleet is irrelevant,1 kolkata class can take care of it.But their subs are dangerous.
Type 55 is no doubt larger but so far as armaments is concern, there is no significant change. In Indian ship, any new ship is much better than its predecessor. Radar is improving so as sonar. Now Indian ship has Decoy as well. New torpedo are coming and it is protected by best in the class LRSAM missile with 90 km range which can intercept bloody anything fired by enemy. So far as offensive power is concern, it is simply unmatched with Brahmos with 450 km range which is all set to increase its range to 600 km Followed by 800 km with increase in speed which is all set to touch Mach 8. Chinese armaments or protection systems simply can not match any of Indian system except perhaps the rapid fire gun. Its Radar, Weapon defense will remain inferior to Indian ships for any foreseeable future. What they will do is that they will increase the numbers of offensive and defensive weapons but they will not be able to match the technology of India.
 

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