>Who issues Domain names
There is a group called ICANN that manages the top level allocations of domain names and TLDs( .com, .in .cn, .pk etc types )
en.wikipedia.org
But if you have to buy a domain name, you have to buy one through various "dalal" companies like GoDaddy, or Namecheap, there are many like this, and are called domain.
btw ICANN just manages the global root DNS servers, upon which other DNS servers depend, DNS servers map text entries like "google.com" to the IP addresses of the servers mentioned in the DNS record, like say 192.102.6.9, these IP addresses are 12 numbers total, divided into blocks of 4 three digit numbers.
>Our own massive Data Hosting and servers
Dunno about Private firms, but nearly all of Gormint websites and web facing services are hosted by data centers of the NIC
https://www.nic.in/
Aside from this for those lucrative gormint contracts, you can be sure your IT outsourcing companies, TCS, L&T all may also have their own server farms.
>Our own internet
Yes it can use our own fibre optic or copper cable lines, Bharat is connected to the "Internet" in other countries by means of YUGE under sea internet cables.
These cables touch down in various parts of Bharat's coast, and ISPs big and small have to pay the guys who run these cable "terminals" in India to get their networks connected to the rest of the internet.
IIRC Tata has rights over some of these terminals, and Anil's RCom used to be in management of these too.
Map of world wide undersea cables below
View attachment 77585
And site bans are simple, you go to pr0nhub.com to beat it out to Mia Khalifa's vids, but gormint has decided to ban porn sites, so you get a message saying "Site has been blocked on orders of DOT Government of India", all ISPs have to comply with Gormint ban orders legally.
>Our own IE
If you mean web browsers, most "browser engines" are open source today, like Chrome's blink engine, WebKit of Apple, KDE Konqueror browser engine, I think Mozilla's Gecko engine used in Firefox is open source also, but not sure about that.
Open source means the source code for these programs is openly available, you just need to download the code and compile it, since this very high tech and time consuming to produce piece is readily available, the development of an Indian web browser should be easier by some Gormint entity like say CDAC if not NIC.
>Our own Media hosting
Dunno what you mean by this, images, audio , video all stored in the same kind of servers as web pages are, however for improved download and streaming speed , data centers are built closest to areas with large concentrations of regular users, like cities, where copies of these media are stored, this setup is called CDN,
(((Global))) companies like Google, FB etc have their own CDNs across countries and continents, but companies like Akamai and Cloudflare are CDN companies that provide usage of their CDN services to customers.
Gormint ofc doesn't have such facilities, if you are a private company then you can use the above mentioned companies CDN services, or use Big Tech's cloud and VPS services like AWS, Google Cloud, MS Azure.
TLDR is we are deficient in many aspects, but all can be fixed given enough time, funding and will on the Gormint's part.
Ching Pongs enjoy a full walled garden Internet( Chinternet ? ) where all big tech Dalal websites are blocked, and even if some are allowed, Chinese companies already have a stranglehold on that respective "niche" like say online shopping for example.