Indian Navigation Constellation (NAVIC) aka IRNSS

Does India need it's own GPS system


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India-designed chip to track school buses, weapons systems

ETtech
Elena Geo Systems has entered into an agreement with a Taiwan-based chip manufacturer to ensure a steady supply of the NavIC chip (Illustration: Rahul Awasthi)
Synopsis
The 12-nanometre chip can be fitted into a mobile phone or any handheld device and receive signals from the Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) or the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), the Global Positioning System of the US and the GLONASS constellation of Russia.

By PTI
Last Updated: Apr 14, 2023, 01:07 PM IST
Elena Geo Systems, a Bengaluru-based space startup incubated in IIT-Kharagpur, has unveiled an indigenously designed NavIC chip that can use India's own navigation satellite system to provide positioning services.
The chip can have applications in civilian and defence sectors.
The 12-nanometre chip can be fitted into a mobile phone or any handheld device and receive signals from the Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) or the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), the Global Positioning System of the US and the GLONASS constellation of Russia.
On Thursday, the chip was presented to Chief of Defence Staff Anil Chauhan in the presence of Samir V Kamat, chairman of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), and Chief of Air Staff VR Chaudhari.
Elena Geo Systems has entered into an agreement with a Taiwan-based chip manufacturer to ensure a steady supply of the NavIC chip.
"We directly control the factory. Everything has been given to them and we can manufacture any number of chips. We have received the first lot of 10,000 chips. More are to be delivered shortly," VS Velan, founder and chief technology officer of Elena Geo Systems said.
The tiny size, ultra-low power requirement and software-based control make the NavIC chip suitable for use in mobiles, handheld devices and wearables with applications ranging from tracking school buses to weapons systems.
He said the processor will give India a huge edge as both the government and the private sector can move away from their dependence on the American Global Positioning System (GPS).
The multi-frequency and multi-constellation chip/processor, developed specifically for NavIC, is compact and easy to integrate into any global navigation satellite system (GNSS) circuit and provides continuous coverage and high-accuracy reception to the user.
Based on a special algorithm for use across India and neighbouring areas/countries, Elena's chip conforms to the requirements laid down by Indian Space Research Organisation for IRNSS/NavIC signal reception, Velan said.
Besides, the military-grade chip can be used in a wide array of applications for operational logistics in ships, submarines, radars and drones and artillery weapons and weapons platforms.
"The chip has many cores that service the requirements of signal acquisition, regeneration, processing and the output interface and hence it has been named the NavIC processor. This will enable high precision and accuracy for all the three types of application applications such as navigation, positioning and timing, providing India much needed Atma Nirbharata in this domain," Velan said.
 

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India-designed chip to track school buses, weapons systems

ETtech
Elena Geo Systems has entered into an agreement with a Taiwan-based chip manufacturer to ensure a steady supply of the NavIC chip (Illustration: Rahul Awasthi)
Synopsis
The 12-nanometre chip can be fitted into a mobile phone or any handheld device and receive signals from the Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) or the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), the Global Positioning System of the US and the GLONASS constellation of Russia.

By PTI
Last Updated: Apr 14, 2023, 01:07 PM IST
For those who were looking at timelime for NAVIC's operationalization.
@ezsasa @FalconSlayers
 

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I don't know

GAGAN was completed in 2015 but it was first launched in 2022 in indigo flight till date less than 100 aircraft equied with it. Airlines basically refused it for just cost (it's lowest cost equipment available for SBAS)and TIME
 

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due to this refusal by industry usable life of GAGAN. Satellites is reduced by 10 years
 

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Gagan Costs Draw Resistance from India’s Airlines
by Neelam Mathews
- July 15, 2015, 10:15 AM

India's airlines worry about the high cost of equipage and certification associated with Gagan. (Photo: Neelam Mathews)
India’s airlines are resisting attempts by the country’s Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) to adopt the recently launched Gagan (GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation) system, citing the high cost of associated equipment and the time needed for retrofits, training and certification.

One of the world’s four satellite-based augmentation systems, Gagan is a joint project of the Airport Authority of India (AAI), the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and Raytheon. Its advanced air navigation technology provides coverage for the entire Indian Flight Information Region (FIR) via broadcast signals from two Indian built satellites (GSAT 8 and GSAT 10). “It improves fuel efficiency of airlines operating throughout India,” said Raytheon’s country director and senior executive for India, Nik Khanna.

Indian civil aviation director M. Sathiyavathy confirmed that the DGCA has held discussions with airlines on whether authorities should mandate or “incentivize” the system. “It is in early stages and nothing is decided as yet,” she told AIN. While Gagan promises compatibility with future aircraft’s SBAS equipment, the DGCA will need to address directives for Indian-registered aircraft. Maximum benefit from en route and guided approach landing would require operators to equip all aircraft with global navigation satellite system (GNSS) avionics.

The International Air Transport Association (IATA) has opposed making Gagan mandatory. “Airlines have already invested in the Aircraft Based Augmentation System [ABAS]….Until we see a positive benefit, airlines are not interested [in it],” IATA director general Tony Tyler told AIN.

“The government cannot mandate the system as it is not related to safety,” said a senior domestic airline official, who estimated that receivers cost $160,000 per aircraft. “This is a large amount given that the entire fleet would need to be retrofitted….Besides pilots are averse to it since it would add to the cockpit load.” He insisted the DGCA should have consulted with airlines when it planned Gagan 15 years ago. “We could have then negotiated the cost of receivers with OEMs when ordering aircraft,” he explained.

“Gagan was planned for use in aviation,” said Arjun Singh, former joint general manager for communications, navigation and surveillance for AAI. “Direct routes result in significant reduction in fuel, congestion and passenger time. Restructuring of India’s entire airspace must be taken into account in the new civil aviation policy being redrafted by the government.”

While plans include involving neighboring countries to participate in Gagan, an AAI official asked, “If you can’t sell it to your own airlines and prove that it is beneficial, what template will you propose to others?”
 

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India Delays GAGAN Avionics Mandate to June 2020
By Woodrow Bellamy III | January 7, 2019
Send Feedback | @WBellamyIIIAC

DGCA, GAGAN, India, mandate, receivers, SBAS


Jet Airways Airbus A330. Photo: Jet Airways

India’s civil aviation regulatory agency is postposing the requirement for aircraft registered in India to be equipped with GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation system (GAGAN) compatible avionics.

GAGAN is a satellite based augmentation system (SBAS) designed to enable aircraft to fly precision approaches with vertical guidance to airfields with charted approaches. India’s ministry of civil aviation mandated GAGAN equipage by Jan. 1, 2019 in June 2016 and has now moved the deadline to June 30, 2020.


“All the aircraft being imported for registration on or after 30.06.2020 shall be required to be suitably equipped with GAGAN equipment,” the public notice published by the Director General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) said.

GAGAN works by augmenting and relaying data from GPS satellites with the help of two geostationary satellites, and 15 earth-based reference stations operating throughout the Indian flight information region.

The reference stations pick up signals from the satellites and relay them to GAGAN-enabled receivers on aircraft. The aircraft’s signal accuracy is then determined and any errors, such as those caused by electrical disturbances in the atmosphere, are corrected and sent to the satellites. The satellites then relay the corrected information back to the aircraft to provide better accuracy than can be achieved using GPS alone.

Jointly developed by Airports Authority of India (AAI), the Indian Space Research Organization and Raytheon, the system first went live in Indian airspace in July 2015. GAGAN works with other international SBAS systems such as the wide area augmentation system in the U.S. or Europe’s geostationary navigation overlay service.

DGCA has struggled to incentivize India’s airlines and smaller aircraft operators to equip with GAGAN avionics since then. For example, in December 2016, DGCA met with airlines and other stakeholders to discuss the low usage rate of GAGAN 18 months after its launch to warn them of consequences if usage did not increase. Those consequences never materialized.

The regulator has also witnessed presentations from airlines showing how expensive the upgrade would be for aircraft within their fleet. Cost has been the primary inhibitor preventing airlines from equipping with GAGAN receivers.

“We understand the GAGAN implementation has been deferred to June 30, 2020," a representative for IATA told Avionics International.

"We expect that individual airlines should have the freedom to assess whether to invest in SBAS based on their operational needs and if there is a business case to justify the investment," he said.

Many of India’s large and small commercial carriers will find the delay as a financial relief while dealing with surging jet fuel prices. Indigo, a low cost airline based in Haryana, India, reported a net loss of $89 million for its second quarter fiscal year 2019 in October. During that same period, India’s longest running private airline, Jet Airways, reported a net loss of $178 million.

State run Air India and Spice Jet also reported quarterly losses throughout 2018. All of the carriers note that their losses were primarily driven by rising jet fuel costs.

DGCA has not indicated that there will be any type of exemption policy implemented with the postponing of its GAGAN mandate.
 

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As per this pdf next deadline

DGCA Mandated that all aircrafts being registered in India after July 1, 2021 shall be suitably
equipped with GAGAN equipment.
 

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Boeing 787s exempted from complying with GAGAN till 2025


Jagriti ChandraNEW DELHIAUGUST 25, 2022 21:33 IST
UPDATED: AUGUST 25, 2022 21:33 IST
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The aircraft manufacturer has said that it involves a major design change.
The government has exempted Boeing 787 aircraft in India from complying with indigenously developed GAGAN navigation system until December 2025 as the aircraft manufacturer has said that it involves a major design change.

GAGAN (GPS Aided GEO Augmented Navigation) helps aircraft with guided landing at airports that do not have instrument landing system for low-visibility operations or an aid where two radio beams provide pilots with vertical and horizontal guidance during landing.

In a notification on August 18, the Ministry of Civil Aviation, said "Boeing 787 aircraft is exempted from GAGAN compliance till 31st December 2025."

A senior official of the Ministry said that the waiver was granted following a discussion with Airports Authority of India (AAI) and aviation safety regulator the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA).

"The compliance requirement for Boeing 787 is extended after due consultation with AAI and DGCA. Boeing has informed that to make 787 compliant with GAGAN equipment major design change has to be carried out and given a time-frame of 4th Quarter of 2025. Accordingly, the exemption to Boeing 787 has been provided," the official said.

The official added that all other aircraft had to comply with GAGAN. As per the Civil Aviation Policy 2016, the deadline for aircraft in India to comply with GAGAN was January 1, 2019 which was first extended to June 30, 2020 and then to July 1, 2021.

GAGAN is an Indian Satellite Based Augmentation System jointly developed by the AAI and the Indian Space Research Organisation. There are only three other space-based augmentation systems available in the world which include Wide Area Augmentation System in the U.S., European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service and Japan's Multi-functional Satellite Augmentation System.
 

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India’s leading airline, IndiGo, will equip its 280+ aircraft fleet with the indigenous GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) Global Positioning System (GPS
 

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GSLV-F12/NVS-01 Mission
The launch of the GSLV-F12/NVS-01 mission is scheduled on Monday, May 29, 2023 at 10:42 hours IST from the second launch pad at SDSC-SHAR, Sriharikota. This Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) mission is designed to deploy the NVS-01 navigation satellite, weighing about 2232 kg, into a Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit. Subsequent orbit raising maneuvers will be used for taking the satellite to the intended orbit.
NVS-01 is the first of the second-generation satellites envisaged for the Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) services. NVS series of satellites will sustain and augment the NavIC with enhanced features. This series incorporates L1 band signals additionally to widen the services. For the first time, an indigenous atomic clock will be flown in NVS-01.
 

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