Rassil Krishnan
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What do you mean peacefully in this case.
Indian Human Spaceflight Program (HSP)
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India's astronaut trainees to face all probable eventualities: Glavkosmos DG Loskutov
Anantha Krishnan M April 19, 2020 08:44 AM IST
Indian astronauts to face all probable eventualities during training: Glavkosmos DG Loskutov
Training at Hydrolab facility. Photo: Glavkosmos
(Gaganyaan Unplugged is an Onmanorama series that will get you all exciting happenings from India''s manned mission.)
Read part 1: ISRO was flooded with requests from Indians wanting to become astronauts
Part 2: Along with Gaganyaan, tech for Indian space station will emerge: Dr Sivan
Bengaluru: The four Indian Air Force (IAF) Test Pilots selected for the Gaganyaan mission began their year-long training programme in Russia this February. This training will get them closer to the challenges they could encounter while undertaking the mission, expected to be in 2022.
All the pilots are currently at the Gagarin Research & Test Cosmonaut Training Centre (GCTC) in Russia.
In this edition of 'Gaganyaan Unplugged,' the third part of our series, Glavkosmos Director General Dmitry Loskutov shares some insights about the training with Onmanorama.
Glavkosmos is a subsidiary of the Russian State Space Corporation Roscosmos and has a contract with the Human Spaceflight Centre (HSFC) of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
"Russia's tremendous expertise in human spaceflight makes our training programme the most complex and difficult one in the world. As a result of this, all the astronaut trainees will be ready to act adequately in any unexpected or emergency situation," says Loskutov.
Indian astronauts to face all probable eventualities during training: Glavkosmos DG Loskutov
Glavkosmos Director General Dmitry Loskutov. Photo: Glavkosmos
Excerpts:
Glavkosmos & India
Russia and India share a long history of cooperation in space exploration. The first Indian cosmonaut Rakesh Sharma flew aboard the Soviet Soyuz T-11 launched on April 2, 1984 as part of mission to help Soviet Union's allies and non-allied nations with manned and unmanned space missions.
Glavkosmos has also contributed to the cooperation of Russia and India. In 1988, the Indian satellite IRS-1A was launched from Baikonur, followed by the IRS-2B and IRS-1C satellites. Our company took an active part in those launches.
In 1991, we signed a contract for the development and delivery of a batch of cryogenic oxygen-hydrogen blocks for the third stage of the Indian GSLV rocket. Later, Glavkosmos also designed and supplied equipment for upgrading the cryogenic test facilities in Mahendragiri.
Today, we are working closely on the Gaganyaan programme, which is important for both India and Russia. It can become a great example of our cooperation in the 21st century.
Story so far
For all Soviet and Russian cosmonauts, training at the GCTC facilities was and continues to be obligatory. The active cosmonauts engaged in manned space missions take additional regular training courses.
Moreover, training at GCTC is a mandatory part of training for NASA, ESA, and JAXA astronauts before the flight to the International Space Station (ISS).
In fact, all people from abroad who flew to the Soviet space station Mir and later to the ISS were trained at GCTC.
Since 1978, GCTC has been active in the field of manned international programs. Among the cosmonauts trained at GCTC were representatives of Czechoslovakia, Poland, Germany, Bulgaria, Hungary, Vietnam, Cuba, Mongolia, Romania, France, India, Syria, Afghanistan, Japan, England, Austria, USA, Sweden, Spain, and the United Arab Emirates.
A total of 84 foreign cosmonauts and astronauts from 19 countries flew on Russian manned spaceships to the ISS and 33 cosmonauts flew to the Mir space station.
We continue this tradition and astronauts from the countries developing their national human space programmes come to Russia and train at GCTC.
Training at sea in progress. Photo: Glavkosmos
Space missions
Since its foundation in 1985, Glavkosmos has been involved in missions on launching foreign astronauts into space. First, it was done under the Interkosmos Programme, and then under separate agreements very similar to those reached between Glavkosmos and HSFC (ISRO).
The US businessman Dennis Tito is considered to be the first space tourist. Нe went on a spaceflight in April 2001. However, the first truly commercial spaceflight was that of the Japanese journalist Toyohiro Akiyama in December of 1990. The spaceflight was performed under the contract between Glavkosmos and Tokyo Broadcasting System.
In recent years, the flights of cosmonauts from Kazakhstan and UAE have been the most significant ones. In 2015, Aidyn Aimbetov, the first cosmonaut of the independent Kazakhstan, flew to the ISS. Glavkosmos contributed to the implementation of the contract between KazCosmos and Roscosmos.
The first astronaut from UAE Hazzaa Al Mansoori flew to the ISS and safely returned to Earth last October. The mission was also prepared with participation of Glavkosmos. All these astronauts were trained at GCTC too.
Challenges then & now
The challenges and difficulties are probably still the same (compared to Rakesh Sharma's mission). The outer space continues to be a very hostile and dangerous place for us, the earthlings.
What has really changed from the times when Rakesh Sharma flew aboard the Soyuz T-11 is technology. The modern Russian manned ships have become safer, more comfortable and reliable; we use advanced space technologies in every module, block and unit of the Soyuz manned spaceship.
Moreover, since the space station Mir no longer exists and we all fly to the ISS – all that means that the preparation and training processes have consequently changed.
Humankind has already gained good understanding of the specifics of human stay in the low earth orbit (LEO), its difficulties, and the training necessary to overcome them. Now such things as travelling to the Moon, Mars, and deep space are a global challenge for all of us.
Astronauts training
The training takes place at GCTC. The general training programme for the Indian astronaut trainees will last for one year, and I would like to emphasize that it is only the Russian part of their training and preparation; they will also be trained in India.
The process will include comprehensive medical and biological training combined with regular physical practice. The four astronaut trainees will also be studying in detail the systems of the Soyuz manned spaceship, all its parts and nodes.
They will also be trained for the case of abnormal landing of the descent module in various climate and geography zones, i.e., if the descent module lands in marshy or forested terrain in winter, or in a river, or sea.
During the scheduled flights aboard the Il-76MDK aircraft, they will be trained in short-term weightlessness mode. I am sure that all four of them have already experienced weightlessness, because they have served as Test Pilots.
During their training course, they will be taught to act rationally, to move and operate in weightlessness environment. The Il-76MDK airplane is specially designed and constructed for this purpose.
The four IAF Test Pilots will be also trained in special simulators that imitate working in outer space. That will be very useful during spacewalks for technical maintenance or for scientific experiments outside a space vehicle.
Interestingly, not only military pilots can become astronauts. Many go this way, which is quite pragmatic if we remember that Yuri Gagarin and the members of the first Russian corps of cosmonauts were fighter pilots. That makes sense since the training sessions are very similar.
But now-a-days there are a lot of cosmonauts and astronauts who have civil professions as their major background, they are not pilots at all.
Features of GCTC
Major activities of GCTC include organization of cosmonaut selection and training of cosmonauts, medical examination, post-flight medical maintenance and rehabilitation of cosmonauts, medical and biological experiments after spaceflights.
The training center also deals with development, arrangement, and modernization of ground-based facilities used for cosmonaut training.
GCTC also carries out research related to human spaceflight problems.
Combating COVID-19
We have set up the Pandemic Response Group at Glavkosmos from March 26 and have been monitoring the health status of all employees. This will not affect any of Glavkosmos' contractual obligations. The Indian astronaut trainees are in healthy and we have been constantly observing them. They are preparing for their exams independently. I can say that they have completed almost 25 per cent of the training programme.
(The writer is an independent aerospace and defence journalist, who blogs at Tarmak007 and tweets @writetake.)
onmanorama logo
India's astronaut trainees to face all probable eventualities: Glavkosmos DG Loskutov
Anantha Krishnan M April 19, 2020 08:44 AM IST
Indian astronauts to face all probable eventualities during training: Glavkosmos DG Loskutov
Training at Hydrolab facility. Photo: Glavkosmos
(Gaganyaan Unplugged is an Onmanorama series that will get you all exciting happenings from India''s manned mission.)
Read part 1: ISRO was flooded with requests from Indians wanting to become astronauts
Part 2: Along with Gaganyaan, tech for Indian space station will emerge: Dr Sivan
Bengaluru: The four Indian Air Force (IAF) Test Pilots selected for the Gaganyaan mission began their year-long training programme in Russia this February. This training will get them closer to the challenges they could encounter while undertaking the mission, expected to be in 2022.
All the pilots are currently at the Gagarin Research & Test Cosmonaut Training Centre (GCTC) in Russia.
In this edition of 'Gaganyaan Unplugged,' the third part of our series, Glavkosmos Director General Dmitry Loskutov shares some insights about the training with Onmanorama.
Glavkosmos is a subsidiary of the Russian State Space Corporation Roscosmos and has a contract with the Human Spaceflight Centre (HSFC) of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
"Russia's tremendous expertise in human spaceflight makes our training programme the most complex and difficult one in the world. As a result of this, all the astronaut trainees will be ready to act adequately in any unexpected or emergency situation," says Loskutov.
Indian astronauts to face all probable eventualities during training: Glavkosmos DG Loskutov
Glavkosmos Director General Dmitry Loskutov. Photo: Glavkosmos
Excerpts:
Glavkosmos & India
Russia and India share a long history of cooperation in space exploration. The first Indian cosmonaut Rakesh Sharma flew aboard the Soviet Soyuz T-11 launched on April 2, 1984 as part of mission to help Soviet Union's allies and non-allied nations with manned and unmanned space missions.
Glavkosmos has also contributed to the cooperation of Russia and India. In 1988, the Indian satellite IRS-1A was launched from Baikonur, followed by the IRS-2B and IRS-1C satellites. Our company took an active part in those launches.
In 1991, we signed a contract for the development and delivery of a batch of cryogenic oxygen-hydrogen blocks for the third stage of the Indian GSLV rocket. Later, Glavkosmos also designed and supplied equipment for upgrading the cryogenic test facilities in Mahendragiri.
Today, we are working closely on the Gaganyaan programme, which is important for both India and Russia. It can become a great example of our cooperation in the 21st century.
Story so far
For all Soviet and Russian cosmonauts, training at the GCTC facilities was and continues to be obligatory. The active cosmonauts engaged in manned space missions take additional regular training courses.
Moreover, training at GCTC is a mandatory part of training for NASA, ESA, and JAXA astronauts before the flight to the International Space Station (ISS).
In fact, all people from abroad who flew to the Soviet space station Mir and later to the ISS were trained at GCTC.
Since 1978, GCTC has been active in the field of manned international programs. Among the cosmonauts trained at GCTC were representatives of Czechoslovakia, Poland, Germany, Bulgaria, Hungary, Vietnam, Cuba, Mongolia, Romania, France, India, Syria, Afghanistan, Japan, England, Austria, USA, Sweden, Spain, and the United Arab Emirates.
A total of 84 foreign cosmonauts and astronauts from 19 countries flew on Russian manned spaceships to the ISS and 33 cosmonauts flew to the Mir space station.
We continue this tradition and astronauts from the countries developing their national human space programmes come to Russia and train at GCTC.
Training at sea in progress. Photo: Glavkosmos
Space missions
Since its foundation in 1985, Glavkosmos has been involved in missions on launching foreign astronauts into space. First, it was done under the Interkosmos Programme, and then under separate agreements very similar to those reached between Glavkosmos and HSFC (ISRO).
The US businessman Dennis Tito is considered to be the first space tourist. Нe went on a spaceflight in April 2001. However, the first truly commercial spaceflight was that of the Japanese journalist Toyohiro Akiyama in December of 1990. The spaceflight was performed under the contract between Glavkosmos and Tokyo Broadcasting System.
In recent years, the flights of cosmonauts from Kazakhstan and UAE have been the most significant ones. In 2015, Aidyn Aimbetov, the first cosmonaut of the independent Kazakhstan, flew to the ISS. Glavkosmos contributed to the implementation of the contract between KazCosmos and Roscosmos.
The first astronaut from UAE Hazzaa Al Mansoori flew to the ISS and safely returned to Earth last October. The mission was also prepared with participation of Glavkosmos. All these astronauts were trained at GCTC too.
Challenges then & now
The challenges and difficulties are probably still the same (compared to Rakesh Sharma's mission). The outer space continues to be a very hostile and dangerous place for us, the earthlings.
What has really changed from the times when Rakesh Sharma flew aboard the Soyuz T-11 is technology. The modern Russian manned ships have become safer, more comfortable and reliable; we use advanced space technologies in every module, block and unit of the Soyuz manned spaceship.
Moreover, since the space station Mir no longer exists and we all fly to the ISS – all that means that the preparation and training processes have consequently changed.
Humankind has already gained good understanding of the specifics of human stay in the low earth orbit (LEO), its difficulties, and the training necessary to overcome them. Now such things as travelling to the Moon, Mars, and deep space are a global challenge for all of us.
Astronauts training
The training takes place at GCTC. The general training programme for the Indian astronaut trainees will last for one year, and I would like to emphasize that it is only the Russian part of their training and preparation; they will also be trained in India.
The process will include comprehensive medical and biological training combined with regular physical practice. The four astronaut trainees will also be studying in detail the systems of the Soyuz manned spaceship, all its parts and nodes.
They will also be trained for the case of abnormal landing of the descent module in various climate and geography zones, i.e., if the descent module lands in marshy or forested terrain in winter, or in a river, or sea.
During the scheduled flights aboard the Il-76MDK aircraft, they will be trained in short-term weightlessness mode. I am sure that all four of them have already experienced weightlessness, because they have served as Test Pilots.
During their training course, they will be taught to act rationally, to move and operate in weightlessness environment. The Il-76MDK airplane is specially designed and constructed for this purpose.
The four IAF Test Pilots will be also trained in special simulators that imitate working in outer space. That will be very useful during spacewalks for technical maintenance or for scientific experiments outside a space vehicle.
Interestingly, not only military pilots can become astronauts. Many go this way, which is quite pragmatic if we remember that Yuri Gagarin and the members of the first Russian corps of cosmonauts were fighter pilots. That makes sense since the training sessions are very similar.
But now-a-days there are a lot of cosmonauts and astronauts who have civil professions as their major background, they are not pilots at all.
Features of GCTC
Major activities of GCTC include organization of cosmonaut selection and training of cosmonauts, medical examination, post-flight medical maintenance and rehabilitation of cosmonauts, medical and biological experiments after spaceflights.
The training center also deals with development, arrangement, and modernization of ground-based facilities used for cosmonaut training.
GCTC also carries out research related to human spaceflight problems.
Combating COVID-19
We have set up the Pandemic Response Group at Glavkosmos from March 26 and have been monitoring the health status of all employees. This will not affect any of Glavkosmos' contractual obligations. The Indian astronaut trainees are in healthy and we have been constantly observing them. They are preparing for their exams independently. I can say that they have completed almost 25 per cent of the training programme.
(The writer is an independent aerospace and defence journalist, who blogs at Tarmak007 and tweets @writetake.)
Assassin 2.0
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Gautam Sarkar
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Announcement of Opportunity (AO) - Development of Technologies for sustained Indian Human Space Programand Space Exploration
https://www.isro.gov.in/update/17-a...opment-of-technologies-sustained-indian-human
https://www.isro.gov.in/update/17-a...opment-of-technologies-sustained-indian-human
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Reiterating that India is eyeing more than just landing a probe on Moon or sending astronauts only to low earth orbit (LEO), the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) is looking at technologies for inflatable habitats, in-situ 3D manufacturing for space and among the 18 experiments from which it will choose to send as part of Gaganyaan.
It is also looking for proposals in the field on human psychology for long-term missions. “The human space programme requires innovations and creative technologies for space explorations which will lead to widening of scientific knowledge, economic growth, value addition to the quality of life of a common man and thus national development. There is a need to build capabilities to derive scientific benefits from the programme,” Isro said, as part of its announcement of opportunities (AO) that will let national institutes and labs to send experiment proposals.
TOI was the first to report, as early as in January 2019, that Isro may be looking beyond just sending astronauts to LEO, and that it was planning on a space station and eventually even sending humans to Moon. “Gaganyaan is only the beginning, we’re not going to stop there. We’ll continue this programme with plans to send people to the Space Station and to Moon. Work on this will happen parallel to Gaganyaan,” Sivan had said.
The kinds of experiments Isro is looking to carry on Ganganyaan is in line with these plans. At present though, the space agency’s priority is to launch the Gaganyaan mission by 2022 as announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, and four astronaut-elects picked by the Institute of Aerospace Medicine (IAM) are currently in Russia for training. The AO call by Isro is looking at technologies that can establish long term research as well as plan for necessary facilities, human resource developments for optimal utilisations of experimental applications and technological developments for societal usage.
All national research/academic institutions can send in the proposals to the space agency and the last date for submission is July 15. Among other key areas in which Isro is looking for experiments are space food and related technologies, debris management and mitigation, space bioengineering, bioastronautics and so on (see full list in below).
Areas of Experiments:
1. Radiation Hazards Characterisation and Mitigation Techniques
2. Space Food and Related Technologies
3. Inflatable Habitats Technology
4. Human Robotic Interfaces
5. Thermal Protection Systems
6. Environmental Control And Life Support Systems
7. Green Propulsion
8. Advanced Materials
9. Debris Management And Mitigation
10. Energy Harness And Storage
11. In-situ 3D Manufacturing Technologies For Space
12. Fluid Technology and Management
13. Space Bioengineering
14. Bioastronautics
15. Simulated Gravity Technologies
16. Human Psychology For Long Term Missions
17. Space Medicine And Diagnosis
18. Any Other Relevant Technology Related To Human Space Program
It is also looking for proposals in the field on human psychology for long-term missions. “The human space programme requires innovations and creative technologies for space explorations which will lead to widening of scientific knowledge, economic growth, value addition to the quality of life of a common man and thus national development. There is a need to build capabilities to derive scientific benefits from the programme,” Isro said, as part of its announcement of opportunities (AO) that will let national institutes and labs to send experiment proposals.
TOI was the first to report, as early as in January 2019, that Isro may be looking beyond just sending astronauts to LEO, and that it was planning on a space station and eventually even sending humans to Moon. “Gaganyaan is only the beginning, we’re not going to stop there. We’ll continue this programme with plans to send people to the Space Station and to Moon. Work on this will happen parallel to Gaganyaan,” Sivan had said.
The kinds of experiments Isro is looking to carry on Ganganyaan is in line with these plans. At present though, the space agency’s priority is to launch the Gaganyaan mission by 2022 as announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, and four astronaut-elects picked by the Institute of Aerospace Medicine (IAM) are currently in Russia for training. The AO call by Isro is looking at technologies that can establish long term research as well as plan for necessary facilities, human resource developments for optimal utilisations of experimental applications and technological developments for societal usage.
All national research/academic institutions can send in the proposals to the space agency and the last date for submission is July 15. Among other key areas in which Isro is looking for experiments are space food and related technologies, debris management and mitigation, space bioengineering, bioastronautics and so on (see full list in below).
Areas of Experiments:
1. Radiation Hazards Characterisation and Mitigation Techniques
2. Space Food and Related Technologies
3. Inflatable Habitats Technology
4. Human Robotic Interfaces
5. Thermal Protection Systems
6. Environmental Control And Life Support Systems
7. Green Propulsion
8. Advanced Materials
9. Debris Management And Mitigation
10. Energy Harness And Storage
11. In-situ 3D Manufacturing Technologies For Space
12. Fluid Technology and Management
13. Space Bioengineering
14. Bioastronautics
15. Simulated Gravity Technologies
16. Human Psychology For Long Term Missions
17. Space Medicine And Diagnosis
18. Any Other Relevant Technology Related To Human Space Program
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Assassin 2.0
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Long time no see, glad you are back, dude.
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Just more stuck with some non other (wiki)site for two weeks to finish project. I'm always available here anyway.
Sir, i think we missed many updates due to this LAC situation.
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No, we did not.
Assassin 2.0
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Respect
Assassin 2.0
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