Lets do it in simple way.
India consumed 194.63 million tonnes of petroleum products in 2020-21 as compared with 214.12 million tonnes demand in the previous year, according to the latest data released by the oil ministry's Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell (PPAC).
Lets us assume total yearly consumption is 200 million tonne = 200 billion ltr ( assume 1 kg = 1 ltr)
Tax rupee per ltr
= 200 × 33 billion rupee
= 200 ×33 × 100 crore rupee
= 6,60,000 crore rupee
This assumes 100% fuel consumption is taxable which is not the case.
70% of Diesel, 99.6 % of Petrol consumed by Transport Sector. M/s Nielsen submits All India Study Report to PPAC on sale of Diesel and Petrol.
So if we reduce this amount by 20% and assume state govt, central govt department, defense etc consumed 5% more. We effectively get tax on 75% of total consumption.
75% of 6,60,000 crore is ~ 5 lakh crore.
These are estimates on current tax of 33 rupee. If you average this out throughout the year, tax will be in the range of 20 to 35 rupee. Lets take 25 as approximation.
Final estimates are 5 lac crore ×25/33
That is 3.8 lakh crore of central revenue.