Global Think tank discussions on India & neighbourhood

ezsasa

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It's important to keep an eye on global discussions on India and our neighbourhood, This gives us an insight on how india is perceived around the world and what narratives are being preferred. ultimately the narratives that are created in these thinktanks are adopted by MSM, countries and businesses . This thread can focus more on strategic issues. For examle: Theory of "String of pearls" originate in these discussions, this idea was conceived by brookings institute and was later adopted by media and indian think tanks.

some of these discussions pre-modi may be irrelevant, but post-2014 elections can be useful.

More over we have a tendency to discuss events and people, and i am firm believer in the quote
upload_2017-3-23_2-18-19.png


So let's enrich ourselves with what Global intellectuals have to say.
 
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ezsasa

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Brookings Institution
The future of solar power in China, the United States, and the world


These guys are making an argument that US and China should co-operate with each other on solar. india is mentioned only once in this discussion.
 

ezsasa

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Mainstreamed or Sidelined? Non-NPT States and the Nuclear Order

 

Adioz

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^This is a good discussion, vast in scope. (Martin Soong sure looks like he is enjoying the exchange :lol:)


v
The India Dilemma: The U.S. and the World's Other Largest Democracy

^ Why I fell in luv with Christine Fair


some of these discussions pre-modi may be irrelevant, but post-2014 elections can be useful.
Pre-Modi discussions are also very relevant because they allow us to gauge the change in India's international posture since Modi arrived at the center.
 
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ezsasa

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Arundati bhattacharya @ Asia society(Hong Kong)..

One thing to notice is that during the entire discussion SBI chairperson exhalts all the economic goods that happened so far in Modi sarkar but never once gives credit to Modi. For example she says "i did 400% more debit cards in last 60 days compared to previous three years", somebody needs to remind het that without Jan-dhan and demonetisation no way such numbers are possible. another example , i remember clearly that in first week of demonetisation she used to complain about UPI, now she says there is no such system in the world except in india. somebody should ask her if Govt babus would have solved such problems on their own if it was entirely left to them.

Looks like she is still angry with Modi for not letting in on demonetisation before it happened.

Opportunities and Challenges for India
 

Indibomber

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Kashmir narrative by Lt General S A Hasnain

Prem Mahadevan: The Impact of Terrorism and Organized Crime on Asian Economie


Summary: We need a long term Strategy for handling Pakistan and Kashmir. We need to change the way our Special forces works, our SF need to develop capabilities to take mid and lower level leaders of terrorists group out in (Pakistan). We need to free army of handling situations on Kashmir and improve CRPF and other para military forces. NSG should ideally be handling terrorists held up in buildings. Improve our police capabilities to handle mass demonstrations by (Jihadis in Kashmir and Naxals in Delhi/JNU) so that they cant cry about police brutalities. Improve our intelligence in both India and Pakistan.Stop calling terrorists as terrorists and call them Pakistan State Proxies.
 

Gaurav Ranwa

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My question is how much effect do these think tanks have on the investor. Do they take these agencies very seriously or just as a minor consultants.
 

Indibomber

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My question is how much effect do these think tanks have on the investor. Do they take these agencies very seriously or just as a minor consultants.
My understanding is governments and organisations do listen to them carefully. Modi spoke at Raisina dialogues so you can imagine how big and influential some of these think tanks are.
 

ezsasa

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My question is how much effect do these think tanks have on the investor. Do they take these agencies very seriously or just as a minor consultants.
Differs from region to region.

In US the policy framing inputs come from think tanks. These think tanks also work as lobbyists there.

For us "India foundation" whose top management included Ajit doval , now his son is part of it. Modi obviously places a high regard for think tanks, on his first visit to US the first meeting was with heads of leading think tanks there.

Usually these think tanks discuss things 5-10 years in advance, so investors keep an eye on what they are saying.
 

ezsasa

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Tanvi Madan: “India’s China Policy and Where the U.S. Fits In”

 

ezsasa

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Michael Auslin: "The End of the Asian Century”

 

scatterStorm

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Arundati bhattacharya @ Asia society(Hong Kong)..

One thing to notice is that during the entire discussion SBI chairperson exhalts all the economic goods that happened so far in Modi sarkar but never once gives credit to Modi. For example she says "i did 400% more debit cards in last 60 days compared to previous three years", somebody needs to remind het that without Jan-dhan and demonetisation no way such numbers are possible. another example , i remember clearly that in first week of demonetisation she used to complain about UPI, now she says there is no such system in the world except in india. somebody should ask her if Govt babus would have solved such problems on their own if it was entirely left to them.

Looks like she is still angry with Modi for not letting in on demonetisation before it happened.

Opportunities and Challenges for India
I think it's just not moodi, but our RBI chief at that time, Dr. Raghuram Rajan whom I still follow, he was a former chief advisor on council of IMF, a professor at some Ivy league institution at US. He has good expertise in predicting economies that may collapse or are in the verge of collapse. I am still using his models to anticipate if the economic growth of other countries such as major superpowers will affect ours.

But I don't understand why our GOI terminated him from his position as RBI chief. He did mentioned that he was pressurised on the matter of demonetisation as it wold not affect our economy in short run but in long run, as there are two types of debt cycles. Short term of 5-10 years and the long term as 10-15 years. He didn't liked it and mentioned his disagreement on his resignation letter as well. The policies under his tenure I think what led to stability in our country.
 

ezsasa

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I think it's just not moodi, but our RBI chief at that time, Dr. Raghuram Rajan whom I still follow, he was a former chief advisor on council of IMF, a professor at some Ivy league institution at US. He has good expertise in predicting economies that may collapse or are in the verge of collapse. I am still using his models to anticipate if the economic growth of other countries such as major superpowers will affect ours.

But I don't understand why our GOI terminated him from his position as RBI chief. He did mentioned that he was pressurised on the matter of demonetisation as it wold not affect our economy in short run but in long run, as there are two types of debt cycles. Short term of 5-10 years and the long term as 10-15 years. He didn't liked it and mentioned his disagreement on his resignation letter as well. The policies under his tenure I think what led to stability in our country.
Rajan may be a good economist, but as far as I know his method of inflation control was mostly interest rate manipulation and exchange rate manipulation which is not modi wants. Modi wants asset creation, this could have been a point of difference between the two.
 

ezsasa

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This is a interesting site i found, there are many research papers on many topics. Research buffs on the forum can check this site...
http://www.ideasforindia.in/Default.aspx
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The decline of rural earnings inequality in India


While earnings inequality remained virtually unchanged in urban India between 2004-05 and 2011-12, it declined sharply in rural India over this period. This column finds that although the change in the distribution of education among paid workers had an inequality-increasing effect, there was a net decline in rural inequality because returns to increased levels of education improved more for low-earning workers than high-earning ones.

In their discussion of India’s economic growth, Kotwal, Ramaswami and Wadhwa (2011) point to the existence of two Indias: “One of educated managers and engineers who have been able to take advantage of the opportunities made available through globalization and the other—a huge mass of undereducated people who are making a living in low productivity jobs in the informal sector—the largest of which is still agriculture.” This column is about the second India that mainly resides in its rural parts.
Agriculture is the mainstay of the rural economy in India and it continues to employ the largest share of the Indian workforce. However, its contribution to gross value added (GVA) is much smaller. In 2011, the employment shares of agriculture, industry, and services were 49%, 24% and 27%, respectively, whereas their shares in GVA were 19%, 33% and 48%, respectively. In addition, between 2004-05 and 2011-12, real gross domestic product (GDP) in these sectors grew at 4.2%, 8.5% and 9.6% per annum, respectively, making agriculture the slowest growing sector of the economy. Given these figures, the concern about whether high overall GDP growth has benefitted those at the bottom, and to what extent they have benefitted compared to those at the top, is extremely pertinent for rural India.
Earnings inequality in India
We use two rounds of the nationally representative ‘Employment Unemployment Surveys’ (EUS) conducted by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) for the years 2004-05 and 2011-12 (Khanna et al. 2016). Our target population is wage earners between the ages of 15 and 64 (working age) living in rural areas of India. In both years, wage earners constituted a quarter of the rural working-age population and represented about 104 million paid workers in 2004-05, and 118 million in 2011-12.
Over the seven-year period, we find that the earnings distribution shifted to the right and became less dispersed. The average real weekly earnings increased from Rs. 391 to about Rs. 604, while median increased from Rs. 263 to 457. For 2004-05, the all-India official rural poverty line was Rs. 447 per capita per month. Thus, the average (median) real monthly earnings was 3.5 (2.4) times the poverty line, and in 2011-12 it was 5.4 (4.1) times this value.
Figure 1. Real weekly earnings, by percentile, 2004-05 and 2011-12

Figure 1 plots the real weekly earnings at each percentile1 for 2004-05 and 2011-12. At each percentile, earnings were higher in 2011-12 than in 2004-05. The gap between the two curves reveals that the increase in earnings was, in absolute terms, greater for higher percentiles. For instance, real weekly earnings increased by Rs. 99 at the first decile, Rs. 194 at the median, and Rs. 307 at the ninth decile. However, as seen in Figure 2, the percentage increase in earnings was greater at the lower end of the distribution. For instance, earnings increased by 91% at the first decile, 74% at the median, and by 44% at the ninth decile. Thus, earnings inequality - defined in relative rather than absolute terms - declined over the seven-year period.
Figure 2. Change in log of real weekly earnings, by percentile, 2004-05 to 2011-12

The decrease in inequality is also reflected in the Gini coefficients2. The Gini coefficient of real weekly earnings fell from 0.462 to 0.396. This is in sharp contrast to the picture in urban India where earnings inequality remained virtually unchanged over the period: The Gini coefficient of real weekly earnings in urban India was 0.506 in 2004-05 and 0.499 in 2011-12.
Decomposition of the change in earnings
Figure 3 shows the results of the decomposition of the change in the (log) real earnings distribution at different vigintiles (vigintiles refer to the 19 points that divide the wage earners into 20 groups of equal size in ascending order of earnings). A decomposition exercise essentially divides the observed change in earnings over the seven-year period into two parts: a composition effect and a structure effect. This is done by constructing a hypothetical earnings distribution that combines worker characteristics (such as the share of male workers, and the shares of workers with different levels of education)3 as observed in 2004-05, with the rates of return (essentially how the labour market rewards males versus females, and how it rewards illiterates, high schoolers and college graduates) as observed in 2011-12. Consequently, the difference between the 2004-05 distribution and the hypothetical distribution gives us the structure effect, that is, the part arising due to changes in the rates of return keeping the distribution of characteristics fixed at 2004-05 levels; while the difference between the hypothetical distribution and the 2011-12 distribution gives the composition effect, that is, the part due to changes in the distribution of worker characteristics keeping the rates of return fixed at 2011-12 rates.
In Figure 3, the dashed line representing the structure effect closely follows the bold total change line, is in the positive domain and is downward sloping. From this, one can conclude that most of the decline in inequality occurred because the returns improved a lot more for low earners (typically low skilled, women, illiterates) than for high earners (typically high skilled, men, college graduates). In fact, it is clear that while changing characteristics did lead to an improvement in real earnings throughout the distribution, it had an inequality-increasing effect (the dotted line is in the positive domain but is upward sloping at higher percentiles). Thus, if the ‘wage structure’ had been held constant over the period, earnings inequality would have risen due to the change in worker characteristics.
Figure 3. Aggregate decomposition of earnings

Detailed decomposition of the composition effect reveals that the inequality-increasing effect was mainly driven by changes in the distribution of education among paid workers: over the seven-year period the share of illiterates decreased from 45% to 35.6%, while shares of all other levels of education, ranging from primary to college and beyond, increased. On the other hand, the change in the industrial composition, mainly arising from a shift from agriculture to construction, led to decreased earnings inequality. Detailed decomposition of the structure effect reveals that the inequality-decreasing effect was driven by lower returns to higher levels of education for workers at the top end of the earnings distribution in 2011-12 compared to 2004-05.
Conclusions and policy implications
For wage earners who constituted about a quarter of the rural working-age population, we find that real earnings increased at all percentiles. Using consumption expenditure data that span the entire population, other studies (Kotwal et al. 2011) have also documented an improvement in all parts of the distribution. Taken together, there is clear evidence that economic growth in India in the post-reform period (after the early 1990s) has been accompanied by a reduction in poverty. Our analysis also reveals that while the rural Gini fell over this period, it remained virtually unchanged in urban India. This suggests that the dynamics of earnings is different for the two sectors. This could be because the underlying structural characteristics are different across the two sectors. For example, while agriculture is the largest employer in rural India, for urban India it is services. It could also be the result of different redistributive policies followed in the two sectors. These aspects need to be recognised when designing future policies to tackle inequality in the two regions.

One cannot be certain that this trend of declining earnings inequality will continue into the future. Regardless of the underlying causes of the recent decline in earnings inequality in rural India, volatility in global crop prices, and the drought conditions recently experienced by large parts of the country because of two consecutive weak monsoons are important reminders that policies designed to foster employment opportunities and wage growth of unskilled workers outside of agriculture are crucial for improving the economic well-being of the rural workforce in India.
The research on which this column is based received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement No. 290752. The views expressed are of the authors and do not reflect those of Statistics Canada or other institutions that the authors are affiliated to.

- See more at: http://www.ideasforindia.in/article.aspx?article_id=1795#sthash.0IVie2Vy.dpuf
 

ezsasa

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U.S.-India Economic Ties in the Trump-Modi Era

 

ezsasa

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Ambassador Verma and Mr Ashley Tellis at Georgetown University...
Ashley tellis is a desi settled in US, part of think tanks there...

Looks like nobody there knows, what's going to happen to US-India relationship.

 
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IndianHawk

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Ambassador Verma and Mr Ashley Tellis at Georgetown University...
Ashley tellis is a desi settled in US, part of think tanks there...

Looks like nobody there knows, what's going to happen to US-India relationship.

Isn't that mostly the case with think tanks. They discuss the past and present suggestions for future. It's upto the administration to listen or not and Trump is not going to listen to anyone.

USA is too busy with itself at the moment India ties are hardly a priority for Trump administration.
 

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