Poor jap carriers had a bad luck in midway.
"bad luck"? They were doomed on the day their plan was decoded by US.
In order to win, Japanese relied upon 3 factors:
1. US navy was going to be attracted by the attack on Aleutian, so they would have plenty of time to recover themselves and waiting an exhausted US aircraft carriers group rushing to midway;
2. There would be no much defense on midway island, so Japan navy can quickly occupy the island and then focus on US carriers;
3. Their superior quantity of ships and planes;
Once Americans decoded Japanese plan, these 3 factors became US victory reasons:
1. Instead of going to save Aleutian, 3 US carrier groups were waiting at midway, so now it was Japanese had to challenge them after a long journey;
2. The defense of midway island was re-enforced, now Japanese had to deal with 2 difficult missions at the same time;
3. In contrast to what Japanese expected and most people believe today, it was US enjoying a superior quantity on the key weapon - airplane in the battle: even though the first carrier strike striking force had 4 carriers with roughly 240-250 planes, the US carrier groups alone had 231 planes. But, there were another 127 planes on the island. So the best possible ratio was
Japan (250) vs
US (358) in the battle.
So, it was not the Japan lost the battle due to "bad luck", but they need extremely good luck to win.