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pmaitra

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Seekers of Precision Guided Munition, which are visible or infrared light based, and are self-sufficient, or fire-and-forget, have 2 main sub systems. First is detection of the incident light coming from the target area then processing the generated signal to recognize the target and establish a "track". IIR seeker systems use a 2d array of infrared detector elements in a certain size (eg. 640x480) at the front for detection. This is like our eye, with multiple photosensors and a lens in front to focus the incident light. Also called focal plane array or staring array.


After this, there are image processing electronics to make out the target object from the "viewed" image. Since this is an actual image like our eyes see, the electronics has to do relatively more complex signal processing like our brain does to correctly determine the target object, but it's much harder to fool this kind of seeker since the tracking algorithm can clearly "see" the difference between the outline of a Fighter and a point source like a flare.


Older seekers use a single detector and some sort of scanning system to sequentially look at different parts of the view. These could be linear scanning, or circular spinning scanning. Other enhancements like drawing rosette patterns or optics with extra mirrors and prisms can be added to widen the field of view or make the tracking more spoof resistant etc.

The tracking electronics are easier with these, and can use simpler logic switches. They generally determine a point in the fov, which is most likely the target, but the downside is these tracking algorithms are easier to spoof with flares, although the effectiveness of the spoofing varies depending on what enhancements are used.

In the cutting edge of technology for imaging systems, be it fixed LORROS, or portable, handheld and head mounted devices, or airborne pods, the trend seems to be focusing on combining multi-spectral signals into a single augmented visible image, which is presented to the user. Electronics has enabled techniques like compressive sensing which can produce a full multi pixel image from a single detector. Material science plays a big role, sensors made out of exotic substances like strained superlattice gallium arsenide promises to bring down cost, power consumption and cooling needs while increasing sensitivity. The research and engineering activities in this field are very much active and newer more effective techniques and "things" come out very often.
Thank you for an good post.
They generally determine a point in the fov, which is most likely the target, but the downside is these tracking algorithms are easier to spoof with flares, although the effectiveness of the spoofing varies depending on what enhancements are used.
Could you please elaborate on the point of tracking algorithms? Could you please name a few tracking algorithms and explain how they might be spoofed?
 

shuvo@y2k10

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What it means is that Russia will sign a bigger deal in terms of money by promising TOT with us. Indian army will cancel XRSAM and other projects of DRDO citing inadequate funds. At the end of the day we will only get monkey models of S-400 and then we will be denied TOT. In other words it will be the repeat of T-90S deal of the late 90s.

P.S: When Russia promises TOT take it with a pintch of salt
 

NeXoft007

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New DRDO Mechanical Munition Layer - Self Propelled (MML-SP) on Tatra 8x8 HMV under evaluation by Indian Army
It's different than Self Propelled Mine Burier (SPMB). SPMB can bury ND Mk. I, Adrushy I, Adrushy II and HPDF 2, while MML-SP can bury ND Mk. III & IV.
IMG_20171220_183035.jpg

IMG_20171220_183342.jpg

IMG_20171220_183154.jpg
 
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kunal1123

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HOW MUCH DO U GUY'S THINK THIS STORY IS TRUE..???????????????
ONLY THEPRINT HAVE PUBLISH THIS AND PROVIDED THAT THERE INFO IS FROM " THE source "........


Double Setback for Indian missile programme: K-4 SLBM and QRSAM Both Failed recent trials

3-4 minutes



SOURCE: THE PRINT

upload_2017-12-24_22-24-46.jpeg


The Indian missile development programme has encountered a setback with two successive failures within a week, including a worrying development in which a submarine-launched nuclear-capable missile got stuck in its testing canister following an unsuccessful test.

Sources told ThePrint that a recent test of the Quick Reaction Surface to Air Missile (QRSAM) failed during its test on 22 December at Chandipur-on-Sea in Odisha. It hit turbulence within 1.5 seconds of the missile taking off, as an actuator did not respond to a software command, according to sources.

QRSAM is being developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) to meet urgent requirements of the Indian Air Force for protection of vital assets. It is meant to complement the Akash short-range surface-to-air missile. It is supposed to take down fast-moving incoming air targets like missiles and fighter jets at extremely short notice. This was the third test of the missile.

More worryingly, there has been major concern with the failure of the K-4 submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM), which is being developed for the nuclear triad to give India the capability to take down long-range targets from under water.

A test carried out on 17 December ended in failure after the missile did not launch from an underwater pontoon, it is learnt. The missile, believed to have a range of over 3,500 km, is to be equipped on the INS Arihant and Arighat nuclear submarines as a second strike option.

Sources said that the K-4 missile did not activate during the test, with its battery getting drained after the launch command was given. It is believed that DRDO scientists were even unable to retrieve the missile from the test pontoon following the failure, raising safety concerns for the programme.

India’s lone nuclear missile-carrying submarine, the INS Arihant, is currently equipped with the 750 km range B-05 SLBM. However, the limited range of the missile and a struggle to keep the Arihant functional raises concerns on the effectiveness of the nuclear triad.

The 3,500-km range K-4 missile was to be the real game changer, giving India a second strike option over all potential target positions. While it has been tested three times before, the unsuccessful test last week raised concerns as the missile was to be launched from the INS Arihant shortly. Careful assessments are now being made to pinpoint the reason for the failure, and assess whether it would lead to safety considerations for a submarine launch.

DRDO has also started work on the K-5, a 5,000 km range SLBM that would be fitted onboard nuclear-powered submarines, as well as a futuristic K-6 project to develop an underwater launched missile with a range of up to 6,000 km.
 

SanjeevM

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HOW MUCH DO U GUY'S THINK THIS STORY IS TRUE..???????????????
ONLY THEPRINT HAVE PUBLISH THIS AND PROVIDED THAT THERE INFO IS FROM " THE source "........


Double Setback for Indian missile programme: K-4 SLBM and QRSAM Both Failed recent trials

3-4 minutes



SOURCE: THE PRINT

View attachment 22186

The Indian missile development programme has encountered a setback with two successive failures within a week, including a worrying development in which a submarine-launched nuclear-capable missile got stuck in its testing canister following an unsuccessful test.

Sources told ThePrint that a recent test of the Quick Reaction Surface to Air Missile (QRSAM) failed during its test on 22 December at Chandipur-on-Sea in Odisha. It hit turbulence within 1.5 seconds of the missile taking off, as an actuator did not respond to a software command, according to sources.

QRSAM is being developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) to meet urgent requirements of the Indian Air Force for protection of vital assets. It is meant to complement the Akash short-range surface-to-air missile. It is supposed to take down fast-moving incoming air targets like missiles and fighter jets at extremely short notice. This was the third test of the missile.

More worryingly, there has been major concern with the failure of the K-4 submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM), which is being developed for the nuclear triad to give India the capability to take down long-range targets from under water.

A test carried out on 17 December ended in failure after the missile did not launch from an underwater pontoon, it is learnt. The missile, believed to have a range of over 3,500 km, is to be equipped on the INS Arihant and Arighat nuclear submarines as a second strike option.

Sources said that the K-4 missile did not activate during the test, with its battery getting drained after the launch command was given. It is believed that DRDO scientists were even unable to retrieve the missile from the test pontoon following the failure, raising safety concerns for the programme.

India’s lone nuclear missile-carrying submarine, the INS Arihant, is currently equipped with the 750 km range B-05 SLBM. However, the limited range of the missile and a struggle to keep the Arihant functional raises concerns on the effectiveness of the nuclear triad.

The 3,500-km range K-4 missile was to be the real game changer, giving India a second strike option over all potential target positions. While it has been tested three times before, the unsuccessful test last week raised concerns as the missile was to be launched from the INS Arihant shortly. Careful assessments are now being made to pinpoint the reason for the failure, and assess whether it would lead to safety considerations for a submarine launch.

DRDO has also started work on the K-5, a 5,000 km range SLBM that would be fitted onboard nuclear-powered submarines, as well as a futuristic K-6 project to develop an underwater launched missile with a range of up to 6,000 km.
I hope these are teething problems and scientists will overcome them in future tests.
 

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