1) China has only tenth of the external debt of the US
2) All of those countries on that list are developed nations. Again, poor countries cannot generate debt to build infrastructure or much of anything else for that matter. Debt is a privilege of the rich.
3) China's debt is to itself. You can always print money to pay yourself off.
4) Poor nations cannot print money to pay themselves to build things. They go into hyperinflation. This is why they are undeveloped.
5) China has the lowest inflation of any country on earth. In fact, the West have to make it sound like a bad thing and call it "deflation." China still has a lot of capacity to build things because of the low inflation.
China can build things on a scale that even the US cannot dream of because it is a massively wealthy economy that can build "ghost cities" and HSR with no issues
Building this would have bankrupt the entire West thrice over
View attachment 223844
But China built it