There is a big confusion some people trying to create that USA will sanction India there is no provision in CAASTA like that
USA only said that it will be difficult for them to share technology like fighters and drones with India due to Security reasons as Russians are main adversary to USA and it geopolitical interest
This is what CAATSA says
Under Section 231 of CAATSA,
any third-country firm or individual that engages in a "significant transaction" with Russia's defense or intelligence sectors will face a penalty.
Basically, any Indian bank or firm that deals with Russia will be penalised by GOTUS. This "penalty" will come in multiple forms- sanctions on banking activities, sourcing components from US, US investment or join partnerships with these entities etc. Nowhere does it say that it will be restricted to transfer of technology.
Yes, countries can apply for a waver, but...
Companies and individuals can apply for an
exemption from the sanctions. Getting one, however,
would require U.S. authorities to certify not only that the exemption would not harm the United States' national security interests but also that Russia had made "significant efforts to reduce the number and intensity of cyber intrusions."
So an exemption will be granted only if US officials certify on Russian behaviour..in other words never.
Then there is waver..
a waiver under Section 231.
The waiver, which has a maximum length of 180 days, r
equires U.S. officials to certify that the applicant is "substantially reducing the number of significant transactions" with targeted Russian interests.
So the company requesting a waver must commit to reducing dealings with Russians, else the sanctions will come down the line.
The stated aim of CAATSA is
"not simply to penalize Russia for its perceived bad behavior but also to expand U.S. arms sales wherever possible."