Sindhis Observed 1300th Death Anniversary of RAJA DAHIR

[Sindhifreedomfighter]

Sindhi nationalists and separatists observed 1300th death anniversary of Raja Dahir on 2 July. Raja Dahir was the king of Sindh who fought with Bin Qasim in 712 AD.

 

[Sindhifreedomfighter]

Sindhis all over Sindh.. paid homage to the great leader of sindh.. He was son of soil who fought for his homeland, the Sindh.

 

[Sindhifreedomfighter]

Correction:

"Celebrated" should be replaced with "OBSERVED"

 

[Virendra]

This would rub hard into the typical Pakistanis who consider themselves proud sons of their marauding Arabic fathers who came here for plunder.

 

[Bhadra]

 

[Virendra]

Dahir's family suffered the worse after his defeat.
@Sindhifreedomfighter Have you read Chachnama? Read it if you haven't.

 

[Bhadra]

A BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF SINDH'S PAST, PRESENT and Future
A BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF SINDH'S PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE

The people who supported Punjabi rule in Sindh do so for the sake of their own interest. They try to justify this rule in the name of Islam. Their argument is that the Arab's conquest of Sindh was in reality for the spreading of Islam.

The second reason for the Arab invasion was given out to be in retaliation of the Sindh DACOITS (Pirates) who had taken away presents sent by certain persons to the then Caliph and Raja Dahir had declined to get those things returned from the pirates.

The third reason was that one person who was the follower of Imam Hussain (Aleh Saalam) named Muhammad Bin Allafi, was given shelter in Sindh from the Ommayya enemies of Ahal-e-Baith. Therefore, the Arab "Banu Ummayya" ruler came to conquer Sindhi to punish Raja Dahir for giving shelter to the devotee of Imam Hussain. All these reasons are given out as justification of the Arab conquest of Sindh. A deeper look into these reasons proves them as baseless, concocted and fabricated, only for creating a justification for the onslaughts of the Arab imperialist. In order to reject all these groundless theories, I am obliged to give the following reasons.


It is totally wrong to say that the earliest conquest of Banu-Ummayya was made for the sake of spreading Islam. It is well known that Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him and his progeny) with his mission of peace removed the tribal enmity and differences and brought them on one platform as the Arab nation. It is a known fact that "Banu Ummayya" in the days of Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him and his progeny) were fierce opponents of the Prophet of Islam. As they thought that by the social ideas of Islam, they would be losing their hold over Mecca, so they created difficulties and forced the Prophet and his supporters to migrate to Madina. They also then fought against the Prophet and his supporters in Madina, but after the conquest of Mecca, they were forced by circumstances to join the Prophet and the opportunists became his followers. But after the Prophet's demise, and especially during the day of Usman, they refused to follow Ali (Alahisalam), cousin of Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him and his progeny), and rebelled against Ali. Subsequently they got him killed and refused to share any power with Banu Hashim who were the relatives of the Prophet of Islam.
As regards the second reason: the presents sent from Ceylon. The story of robbing the presents sent to the Arab rulers also seems to be absolutely baseless. How Raja Dahir could be held responsible for the dacoities committed by Medeans. It- is only a myth, which is fabricated to defame Raja Dahir who was a Sindhi.
The reason for the conquest of Sindh by Ummayyad Imperialism was Raja Dahir's refusal to return Muhammad Bin Allafi, who had taken asylum under Raja Dahir's government. As it was against the social rule of the Sindhis in those days, to return the parsons who had placed themselves under their protection from their enemies. Raja Dahir's tolerance and liberal minded-ness was a well known fact, or account of which people of various religions lived peacefully in Sindh, where Hindus had their temples and Parsis had their fire temples, Buddhists had their pagodas, Muslims had their mosques. The Muslims had settled in Sindh on account of the policy of the Arab rulers. These rulers had difference with the relations of the Prophet, and being intolerant, wanted to kill them. How could this God-fearing ruler return these sheltered people to the cruel and tyrant Arab rulers? It is said that Imam Hussain (Alahisalam), after being harassed by Yazeed and his followers, wanted to come to Sindhi on the invitation of Raja Dahir. But instead of being given permission to go to Sindhi, he was martyred at Karbala. The fact is that the Arab Imperialism started during the days of Umer, who had started conquering other countries. This was the fifteenth invasion of Sindh. How in the days of Waleed Bin Abdul Malik, the Arabs succeeded. It will be proper if I elaborate on the fourteenth invasion of Sindh, since the days of Caliph Umer.
First Expedition
This expedition took place in the days of Umer by Usman Bin Abbass Sukfi who was in charge of Bahrain and Oman territories. His invasion was by the sea route. His boats went to Thana City, near the vicinity of Bombay. From there he returned with a lot of loot, called Mal-e-ghaneemat (booty). From this booty lie gave a portion to Umer, who, after receiving his share, advised Usman not to invade through the sea route which was unsafe, as he had himself sent a fleet towards the Roman area, but which, on account of a tempest, was destroyed. After that he had decided not to send invaders through sea, as it was full of danger. [1]
Second and Third Expeditions
Caliph Umer was a strong and harsh ruler. It was difficult to disobey his orders. But by to many Arab Ameers and their followers temptation to loot had now become very strong with the result that the same Usman Bin Asi, along with his brother "Mugira", again took a fleet of ships, under the leadership of Commander "Mugira", and sailed towards Sindh's Port of "Debal". He reached "Bharoch". In that invasion Mugira was killed. These invasions took place during the fifteenth Hijjri, (Muslim Calendar) in the days of Umer. In the 21st Hijjri, his armies succeeded in invasions conquering "Hamdan", "Nihavund" and "Khurasan". From these conquests the Arabs got a lot of wealth besides an army of male and female slaves. Three other places, Seestan (now Sehwan), Kirman, Makran were still within the territories of the Persian Empire. These were also conquered by tile Arabs and a huge amount of money was taken away. But that time, the people of the neighboring countries had come to know that the main purpose of Arabs' attacks was to acquire riches. During the Arab invasions, the local people used to hurriedly escape either to mountains or to other villages, leaving their houses in fear of the Arab looters.

Therefore in 23rd Hijjri, the Arabs decided not to merely conquer and after looting to return to Arabia, but to establish their rule over the conquered territories as well by remaining there. For this purpose Sohail-Bin-Adi and Abdullah-Bin-Aqlan were sent towards "Kirman", and on the other side Hakirn-Bin-Amru and Abdullah-Bin-Umer were sent towards Seestan to establish their rule and exploit the riches of that country.

After conquering the two countries, Hakim-Bin-Amru "Taghalbi" invaded Makran and Shanab-Bin-Mughariq and the above mentioned persons also joined them on account of which the tribal Chief of Makran asked Maha Raja Dahir to help him. In that battle Makran's ruler and Sindh's commander were killed and the Arabs killed a lot of persons and got a lot of money, slaves, male and female, in looting. One-fifth of this loot was sent to Khaleefa Umer. He was glad to see this money, and the whole of Madina celebrated this victory. The Arabs used to be pleased from such things as they depended on such victories. It is said that when the Amirs related the difficulties of these expeditions, Hazrat Umer prohibited them from making such hazardous expeditions.

By the 23rd Hijjri (Muslim calendar, year of migration of Prophet), Umer was killed. But during his rule, he had caused a good deal of damage to Islam. On 3rd Muharram, Twenty-fourth Hijjri, Usman was nominated in his place. It is said that Amir Usman in his second year of rule sent his Army towards Kabul. Ibn Amir, the dominating Chief of Khurasan, after appointing Abdul Rahman Bin Sumrah, and leaving him as ruler of Seestan, went to Zuringe and defeated the people who surrendered to him.

If you take a critical look, you will find, that even during those days of so-called "Khilafat Rashida" (Pious Caliphs). The fundamental principles of Islam "peace and unity which were behind all the diverse religions and belief in truth' of revealed books discarded the use of violence and force and letting persons be free and the sanctity of common property", all these were forgotten and discarded. Instead, Islam was used as a cloak for looting and raping of women. People got so used to these UN-Islamic practices that they began calling such expeditions of loot as "JIHAD" (crusade) and the money acquired from such loot was considered "Mal-e-Ghaneemat" (booty). On being killed in such expeditions one was considered a martyr. The forcibly kidnapped women were considered legal. People became so accustomed to these things and regarded them as part of Islam. What is even worse, such corrupt and debased rulers were called as the true custodians of Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him arid his progeny).

Fourth Expedition
Abdul Rahman Bin Sumrah, after conquering Zuringe, proceeded towards the hills between Zuringe and Kesh. He took possession of the part of Sindh, which is now Baluchistan. In those days, there was no separate country like Baluchistan. Makran and Seestan were on the border of Sindh.

Fifth Expedition
When Arabs murdered the third Khalifa, Usman, in his house, then Hazrat Ah (Alahisalam) was elected the Arab ruler in his place in 35th Hijjri. The expedition started before his rule towards Sindh. "Tugir Bin Saghir along with "Hans Bin Marih Adi" in 38th Hijjri, these persons were attacked by hilly tract people. They returned after conquering them. [2]

Sixth Expedition
After the fifth expedition, Haris Bin Marih Adi continued his expedition towards Sindh. He received information of the martyrdom of Hazrat Ah. Yet he continued his expedition In Arabia, in place of Hazrat Ah, Amir Muavia came in possession of the rule. (Fatoohul Buldan).

Seventh Expedition
Amir Muavia immediately sent Abdul Bin Amir and Rashid Bin Umer towards Sindh, who after getting a lot of loot from that side, came and gave a share of the loot to Muavia, the ruler of Syria.

Eighth Expedition
In 42nd Hijjri, Amir Muavia sent Abdul Bin and Abdullah Bin Sawar on an expedition of Sindh. They brought back several horses from the side of Keekan and other booty from Sindh, on which Muavia was very glad.

Ninth Expedition
Abdullah Bin Amir remained in Damascus and returned to the side of Keekan, during this expedition. He contacted the Turks. The Turkish troops were also on an expedition of looting. He and his people were killed and getting this information Muavia sent Abdullah Bin Sawar with four thousand cavalry along with same route and ordered them to bring well known horses of Keekan on their return. [3]

Tenth Expedition
In 44th Hijjri, Muhab Bin Abisafra, a known Commander of Abdul Rahman Bin Sumra's troop, was sent towards Sindh. Instead of going on direct route, he changed his route via mountains and fought with local people near Kandabeel and, after getting sufficient loot, he went back.

Eleventh Expedition
This expedition was also towards Kandabeel, though Sindh's route was different. Abdullah Bin Sawar got killed in this battle. Seestan's ruler sent Zaid Bin Abu Sufyan, Sinan Bin Muslim and Muhibuk Hezli towards Sindh. They looted the Makran area and occupied it. The robbers sent a portion of the loot to Amir Muavia.

Twelfth Expedition
After that, Zaid sent troops towards Sindh under the command of Rashid Bin Umer "Juwary Azdi", who attacked Keekan and kept on sending the looted cash from that country along with looted property, throughout the year. When Rashid was returning from "Munder" and "Bah Raj" hills; he met the people of the Maid tribe who arrested him. Then Sinan Bin Muslim was appointed in his place. He was killed in fighting with the people of the Maidtribe. [4]

During the last years of Amir Muavia, in forty-ninth Hijjri, Zaid Bin Ahad started an expedition towards Sindhi. He reached the "Sunarode" and took the way to Hillmund and reached Kandhar. After looting it he went back.

Thirteenth Expedition
After the death of Sinan Bin Muslim, Manzar Bin Jarood was appointed the ruler of Makran. He too marched towards Sindh, but on hearing the news of rebellion behind, he returned and stayed at Khuzdar and died there. After Manzar Bin Jarood, Ubedullah Bin Ziyad (who at the time was appointed ruler of Basra in place of his father) appointed Haris Bin Basar in his place, but he died at Tooran. In his place Hakam was appointed as his successor.

Fourteenth Expedition
After Hakam, Ibn-e-Ziad sent Sardar Bin Han to the frontiers of Sindh. He fought many battles against the Sindhis. From the above mentioned facts the readers will know the Arab expeditions toward Sindh were not for the cause of spreading Islam or getting gifts looted by pirates or for returning Muhammad Bin Alafi, who on account of tyranny of Hajjaj Bin Yousif, had taken asylum with Raja Dahir. Instead, all these expeditions were part of the Arabs thirst for conquering the rich countries in the name of religion, and thereby establishing Arab Imperialism, which was initiated by Amir Umer

It must be borne in mind that Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Persia were all highly civilized and rich countries and lay in the vicinity of the Arabs. So, at first conquering expeditions were sent to these places. In order to gain their riches and beautiful girls to be made into life-long slave girls, these expeditions were initiated at the early stage. And since Sindh was a far off place, between the vast deserts and mountains, these looting and murdering expeditions were sent to Sindhi later on. From the above mentioned narration, it is clear that these expeditions had started from tile early days of Umer but had come to an end in the days of "Waleed Bin Abdullah Malik" it took the Arab Imperialist nearly forty-five years to fulfil the desire of conquering Sindhi.

These attacks were like other imperialist conquests of marauding tribes. You cannot call the expeditions, loot, rapes, and massacre for spreading the religion of peace and love. These invasions were like the hoards of Atilla the Hun; Goths in Germany or Changez Khan's marauding of other countries for acquiring the riches. The term "spread of Islam" was only a smoke screen under which the Arab rulers mobilized the Arab people. The real purpose was the acquiring of the riches of other free countries for the consolidation of Arab Imperialism and for exploiting the labor, property and production of other people, just as the Egyptian Pharaohs had exploited the Jewish labor. The real purpose of Islam, which claimed love, unity of mankind and universal peace, could not be the purpose of looting, burning, raping and killing. These countries which were conquered by the Arabs, were more civilized and their people were God-fearing. They had their own advanced civilizations and citizenship and the majority of those Arabs who conquered them, were uncivilized and were crude nomads.

I will give more details in the second chapter of this hook. It is sufficient to mention here that the incentive behind these expeditions was for the loot of treasures of the rich countries and for satisfying the sexual lust for which the Arabs are notorious. It is sufficient to mention here in passing that Sindh suffered very much during the Arab days. On a large scale, the Arab exploited, weakened and humiliated the Sindhis. Some of the details are given as under:

After the conquest of Sindh, the Arabs subjugated the peace-loving and non-violent people of Sindh kept them under their domination. Sindhis were also extremely humiliated. As a result of this humiliation, the Sindhis had to change their originality.
After the conquest of Sindh, the Arabs took away all the wealth of Sindh. Thus, the Arabs were in no 'way different from the robbers.
After the conquest of Sindh, the Arabs took away thousands of male and female slaves to their country. The female slaves, they used as slave girls so as to satisfy their sexual lust for which they are notorious.
Some Arabs, who were in fact against the Holy Prophet and his mission, posed themselves as the champions of the new religion. They started torturing the immediate kith and kins of the Prophet. These relatives of the Prophet were the true successors of the spiritualism that Islam had in its fold. So, in utter violation of the spirit of Islam, these Arabs started practicing tribal traditions, customs and way of life. To all of it they started calling as "Shariat-e-Mohammed".

Here it is sufficient to say that the Arab expeditions and conquest and imperialism had nothing to do with religion of Islam. Their misdeeds only abused the name of Islam. The spread of Islam in Sindhi was never due to Arab rulers who were not even true Muslims themselves. It was actually due to the teachings of God moving moralists, whether Muslims or Sufis of other religions, which Muslim Soofis and Saints or followers of previous religions, who had acquired spiritual knowledge from time to time, from the teachings of their ancestors. On the contrary, true teachings of Islam were hindered by Arab rulers or their agents or by the paid Mullahs appointed by them. The ultimate result was that, after such evil doings of Arab Imperialists, Sindhis rebelled against them and freed themselves from their yoke and established their own rule.
I have already explained in the foregoing pages that the ancient Sindhis, the Dravadian civilization and citizenship was destroyed by the Arian invasion with the result that, through the passage of time, the Dravadian nation left a few traces of their civilization and disappeared from Sindh altogether. After that the Persian and the Greek Imperialists dominated Sindh. Those also left few traces behind when they left the country. The Arab imperialism did the greatest damage to Sindhi people's traditions and faith. My argument is based on the following points:


The Arabs conquered Sindh, looted and took the riches, treasures, and men and women to labor in their country. On the other hand they destroyed Sindhi's self-respect and bravery and pure faith, and for the sake of strengthening the Arab Imperialism, made it compulsory to follow the Arab traditions and customs, and to adopt names and teachings of Arab culture. The Arabs also imposed 'jazia" which means "Slave Tax", although they tried to cloak it under the garb of the so-called religion.
Sindh was passing through the tribal age that was ruled by their Chiefs, who had their vested interests and were often worshippers of the rising sun. Therefore several of them welcomed with beat of drums and flutes the Arab Imperialists and to please them offered their daughters as present. Since the Arabs were sex thirsty so they were very pleased on getting those beautiful girls. At the present time, conditions are almost the same. Comrade Ghulam Muhammad Lighari, knew the habits of certain people. He delivered a speech, in that he pointed out. "Thanks that General Ayub Khan was fond of partridge shooting and not the habit of some other pathans, but God forbidding, if he had that habit, you would see that many Pirs or Waderas (priests and Feudal lords) would stand in line naked before him to fulfil his pleasure". On account of that speech, Lighari got nine months imprisonment.
After conquering Sindh, Arabs, put down Sindhis to such a low level of social behavior by force of their swords, gave them wrong religious ideas, so that whoever nonsense and falsehood which came from Arabia, was considered sacred and the Arab people were taken as the chosen people of God. These degenerated Sindhis with vested interests began to call themselves of the Arab origin. They thought it to be a great honor.
Sometimes, people who were originally from Rajput origin started calling themselves as coming from the Arab race. They began writing their genealogies based on Arab breed. They based their folklore and history in such a way, that the Sammas called themselves descendent of Abu Lahab, (the uncle of the Prophet of Islam), and the Soomras began to call themselves "ALVI SADAT"; the Kalhoras called themselves Abbassides, descendants of Abbas, uncle of prophet of Islam, and the Baluchis declared themselves as descendants of Hamza, another uncle of Prophet Mohammed, who was martyred in the Battle of Ohad. Several persons of Sindh started calling themselves Syeds, Qureshis, Siddiqis, etc. All this became an opportunistic fashion so as to be close and on the side of the Arab imperialist rulers. It seemed that before the Arab invasion, there hardly lived any clan or tribe in Sindh. In this way the Arabs colonized Sindh. It was the height of servility and self-Degradation. The world knows that most of the Arabs were uncivilized and of nomadic tribes most of them were uncultured, crude and cruel. Their choice food used to be the meat of camel and frogs, and they used to drink camel milk and most of their habits were inherited from uncivilized people. Undoubtedly, they were a fighting people, but that was also the habit of savages as well as of animals.
Human evolution and progress lay in a peaceful and civilized way of life. It was due to the influence of Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him and his progeny) that those people were somewhat trained, united and disciplined and on account of which they succeeded in conquering the lands of the neighboring countries. We Sindhis have had our own proven five thousand years of ancient civilization. How could we forget our own history and follow in the footsteps of the uncivilized people. Simply because they had forcibly subjugated us. But when some people become servile, they follow their conquers slavishly. This innovation which the Sindhis adopted following in the footsteps of the Arabs, continued to the arrival of the Mughals. They considered it a pride and privilege to speak in Persian and, under the British rule, they also began speaking English. They spoke English even in their homes.
Now, under the present Imperialism of the Punjabis, the fake ideology of Muslims being a nation or Pakistan as one nation is invented. In following them, Sindhis of higher class whether Pirs, bureaucrats, Waderas and mullahs speak Urdu. They do it to please their masters. The reason for all this inferiority complex is that they were influenced by selfish-ness and cowardice to become an easy prey of the Punjabi masters.
After conquering Sindh, the Arabs humiliated the Sindhis so much so that the Sindhis lost their national pride. Every thing coming from Arabia was considered sacred. The love of their land unfortunately decreased and they started calling them the sons of tile Arabs. Similarly Arabic language was considered a heavenly language. The major towns of the Arabs, Mecca and Madina, were considered sacred and holy. By visiting those places, the Sindhis were to get salvation from wrong interpretation, which the conquerors had brought and taught, to them. They were so infatuated that they started singing hymns and praying to God to let them die in the Arab cities or to enable them to sweep the streets of Mecca and Madina. Such was the bad influence of the Arab conquerors that they forgot even the names of their ancestors and started calling themselves of Arab caste and kept Arabic names. Every Arab custom or tradition was considered a part of Islam. On the other hand, every custom and tradition of Sindhi origin was considered UN-Islamic and unfit. Instead of love of Sindh and Sindhi nation, they prided in calling themselves Muslims and showing love for the foreign country of Arabia.
It is a universal practice of centuries that people love their traditions. For meeting or trade or pleasure, they used to gather at a chosen or central place in an annual gathering and perform rites or rituals at such meeting places. In this way they acquired national unity by national consciousness and homogeneity. In Sindh also there were several such places like Yea'ic Dharm, Buddha Dharam and places of some Saints where annual functions were held. But the Arabs cleverly diverted their attention towards their own places in Arabia.

 

[Bhadra]

From the true interpretation of Islam, one will know that neither the performance of Hajj nor visit of the shrine of Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him and his progeny) can bring salvation. Ultimately, after realizing the facts though the Sindhis have freed themselves from their political imperialism, yet have not freed themselves from the intellectual dominance of the Arabs, as inferiority complex and cowardice are dominant over them. It is said that from local people, Soomras, established their rule about one thousand twenty-five years A.C. It is said that when intellectual dominance of Baghdad changed towards Egypt. Then they were called "Karamaties" after the name of Karamate, who had risen in revolt against Arab cruelties for such belief for the dominance of Arabs were inserted. When the Pathans started their invasions. The period of Soomras dominance was of five hundred years. It seems those were the days during which Sindhi got some relief from outside invaders. During the days of Soomras, "Mahmood Ghaznavi" and "Allaud-Din Khilji" devastated Sindh, but Sindhis did not allow them to remain here in Sindh for a long period. "Mumal Rano", "Sassi Punhun", "Laila Chanesar", "Umer-Marvi", "Dodo-Chanesar", all these classical folk stories are of that period, which our poets have commemorated and immortalized.

About Sindh's history, during the days of Arab Imperialism, at the time of the invasion of "Muhammad-Bin-Qasim", it is said, some of the local people, in order to please Muhammad-BinQasim proved traitors and supported this foreign imperialist. Similarly in the time of invasion of Khilji Emperor, Chanesar Soomro had proved a traitor. And in the time of the last ruler of the Summas tribe 'Jam Feroz Khan" and "Kazi Kazan" had betrayed and during the days of the invasion of "Akbar", his Amir "Khan-Khana" and "Makhdoom Nooh's" custodian had played no good part from the Sindh national point of view. If these can be given as instances of betrayal, then there are also several other persons, who sacrificed everything for the sake of Sindh. Such as "Raja Dahir", "Dodo Soomro", "Dulah Darya Khan" and his companions "Mukhdoom Bilawal" and "Shah Hyder", can be given as instances of patriotic persons who sacrificed their lives and they certainly can be called Heroes of Sindhi.

 

[agentperry]

pakjabis and fanatic muslims malign raja dahir as a person who was an exploitative and a dictator kind of person who tied knots with his own sister

 

[KS]

pakjabis and fanatic muslims malign raja dahir as a person who was an exploitative and a dictator kind of person who tied knots with his own sister

Such "lies" are needed to rationalize the graceful acceptence of the rule of a foreigner over them and not feel ashamed for it.

 

[raja696]

A BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF SINDH'S PAST, PRESENT and Future
A BIRD'S EYE VIEW OF SINDH'S PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE

The people who supported Punjabi rule in Sindh do so for the sake of their own interest. They try to justify this rule in the name of Islam. Their argument is that the Arab's conquest of Sindh was in reality for the spreading of Islam.

The second reason for the Arab invasion was given out to be in retaliation of the Sindh DACOITS (Pirates) who had taken away presents sent by certain persons to the then Caliph and Raja Dahir had declined to get those things returned from the pirates.

The third reason was that one person who was the follower of Imam Hussain (Aleh Saalam) named Muhammad Bin Allafi, was given shelter in Sindh from the Ommayya enemies of Ahal-e-Baith. Therefore, the Arab "Banu Ummayya" ruler came to conquer Sindhi to punish Raja Dahir for giving shelter to the devotee of Imam Hussain. All these reasons are given out as justification of the Arab conquest of Sindh. A deeper look into these reasons proves them as baseless, concocted and fabricated, only for creating a justification for the onslaughts of the Arab imperialist. In order to reject all these groundless theories, I am obliged to give the following reasons.


It is totally wrong to say that the earliest conquest of Banu-Ummayya was made for the sake of spreading Islam. It is well known that Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him and his progeny) with his mission of peace removed the tribal enmity and differences and brought them on one platform as the Arab nation. It is a known fact that "Banu Ummayya" in the days of Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him and his progeny) were fierce opponents of the Prophet of Islam. As they thought that by the social ideas of Islam, they would be losing their hold over Mecca, so they created difficulties and forced the Prophet and his supporters to migrate to Madina. They also then fought against the Prophet and his supporters in Madina, but after the conquest of Mecca, they were forced by circumstances to join the Prophet and the opportunists became his followers. But after the Prophet's demise, and especially during the day of Usman, they refused to follow Ali (Alahisalam), cousin of Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him and his progeny), and rebelled against Ali. Subsequently they got him killed and refused to share any power with Banu Hashim who were the relatives of the Prophet of Islam.
As regards the second reason: the presents sent from Ceylon. The story of robbing the presents sent to the Arab rulers also seems to be absolutely baseless. How Raja Dahir could be held responsible for the dacoities committed by Medeans. It- is only a myth, which is fabricated to defame Raja Dahir who was a Sindhi.
The reason for the conquest of Sindh by Ummayyad Imperialism was Raja Dahir's refusal to return Muhammad Bin Allafi, who had taken asylum under Raja Dahir's government. As it was against the social rule of the Sindhis in those days, to return the parsons who had placed themselves under their protection from their enemies. Raja Dahir's tolerance and liberal minded-ness was a well known fact, or account of which people of various religions lived peacefully in Sindh, where Hindus had their temples and Parsis had their fire temples, Buddhists had their pagodas, Muslims had their mosques. The Muslims had settled in Sindh on account of the policy of the Arab rulers. These rulers had difference with the relations of the Prophet, and being intolerant, wanted to kill them. How could this God-fearing ruler return these sheltered people to the cruel and tyrant Arab rulers? It is said that Imam Hussain (Alahisalam), after being harassed by Yazeed and his followers, wanted to come to Sindhi on the invitation of Raja Dahir. But instead of being given permission to go to Sindhi, he was martyred at Karbala. The fact is that the Arab Imperialism started during the days of Umer, who had started conquering other countries. This was the fifteenth invasion of Sindh. How in the days of Waleed Bin Abdul Malik, the Arabs succeeded. It will be proper if I elaborate on the fourteenth invasion of Sindh, since the days of Caliph Umer.
First Expedition
This expedition took place in the days of Umer by Usman Bin Abbass Sukfi who was in charge of Bahrain and Oman territories. His invasion was by the sea route. His boats went to Thana City, near the vicinity of Bombay. From there he returned with a lot of loot, called Mal-e-ghaneemat (booty). From this booty lie gave a portion to Umer, who, after receiving his share, advised Usman not to invade through the sea route which was unsafe, as he had himself sent a fleet towards the Roman area, but which, on account of a tempest, was destroyed. After that he had decided not to send invaders through sea, as it was full of danger. [1]
Second and Third Expeditions
Caliph Umer was a strong and harsh ruler. It was difficult to disobey his orders. But by to many Arab Ameers and their followers temptation to loot had now become very strong with the result that the same Usman Bin Asi, along with his brother "Mugira", again took a fleet of ships, under the leadership of Commander "Mugira", and sailed towards Sindh's Port of "Debal". He reached "Bharoch". In that invasion Mugira was killed. These invasions took place during the fifteenth Hijjri, (Muslim Calendar) in the days of Umer. In the 21st Hijjri, his armies succeeded in invasions conquering "Hamdan", "Nihavund" and "Khurasan". From these conquests the Arabs got a lot of wealth besides an army of male and female slaves. Three other places, Seestan (now Sehwan), Kirman, Makran were still within the territories of the Persian Empire. These were also conquered by tile Arabs and a huge amount of money was taken away. But that time, the people of the neighboring countries had come to know that the main purpose of Arabs' attacks was to acquire riches. During the Arab invasions, the local people used to hurriedly escape either to mountains or to other villages, leaving their houses in fear of the Arab looters.

Therefore in 23rd Hijjri, the Arabs decided not to merely conquer and after looting to return to Arabia, but to establish their rule over the conquered territories as well by remaining there. For this purpose Sohail-Bin-Adi and Abdullah-Bin-Aqlan were sent towards "Kirman", and on the other side Hakirn-Bin-Amru and Abdullah-Bin-Umer were sent towards Seestan to establish their rule and exploit the riches of that country.

After conquering the two countries, Hakim-Bin-Amru "Taghalbi" invaded Makran and Shanab-Bin-Mughariq and the above mentioned persons also joined them on account of which the tribal Chief of Makran asked Maha Raja Dahir to help him. In that battle Makran's ruler and Sindh's commander were killed and the Arabs killed a lot of persons and got a lot of money, slaves, male and female, in looting. One-fifth of this loot was sent to Khaleefa Umer. He was glad to see this money, and the whole of Madina celebrated this victory. The Arabs used to be pleased from such things as they depended on such victories. It is said that when the Amirs related the difficulties of these expeditions, Hazrat Umer prohibited them from making such hazardous expeditions.

By the 23rd Hijjri (Muslim calendar, year of migration of Prophet), Umer was killed. But during his rule, he had caused a good deal of damage to Islam. On 3rd Muharram, Twenty-fourth Hijjri, Usman was nominated in his place. It is said that Amir Usman in his second year of rule sent his Army towards Kabul. Ibn Amir, the dominating Chief of Khurasan, after appointing Abdul Rahman Bin Sumrah, and leaving him as ruler of Seestan, went to Zuringe and defeated the people who surrendered to him.

If you take a critical look, you will find, that even during those days of so-called "Khilafat Rashida" (Pious Caliphs). The fundamental principles of Islam "peace and unity which were behind all the diverse religions and belief in truth' of revealed books discarded the use of violence and force and letting persons be free and the sanctity of common property", all these were forgotten and discarded. Instead, Islam was used as a cloak for looting and raping of women. People got so used to these UN-Islamic practices that they began calling such expeditions of loot as "JIHAD" (crusade) and the money acquired from such loot was considered "Mal-e-Ghaneemat" (booty). On being killed in such expeditions one was considered a martyr. The forcibly kidnapped women were considered legal. People became so accustomed to these things and regarded them as part of Islam. What is even worse, such corrupt and debased rulers were called as the true custodians of Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him arid his progeny).

Fourth Expedition
Abdul Rahman Bin Sumrah, after conquering Zuringe, proceeded towards the hills between Zuringe and Kesh. He took possession of the part of Sindh, which is now Baluchistan. In those days, there was no separate country like Baluchistan. Makran and Seestan were on the border of Sindh.

Fifth Expedition
When Arabs murdered the third Khalifa, Usman, in his house, then Hazrat Ah (Alahisalam) was elected the Arab ruler in his place in 35th Hijjri. The expedition started before his rule towards Sindh. "Tugir Bin Saghir along with "Hans Bin Marih Adi" in 38th Hijjri, these persons were attacked by hilly tract people. They returned after conquering them. [2]

Sixth Expedition
After the fifth expedition, Haris Bin Marih Adi continued his expedition towards Sindh. He received information of the martyrdom of Hazrat Ah. Yet he continued his expedition In Arabia, in place of Hazrat Ah, Amir Muavia came in possession of the rule. (Fatoohul Buldan).

Seventh Expedition
Amir Muavia immediately sent Abdul Bin Amir and Rashid Bin Umer towards Sindh, who after getting a lot of loot from that side, came and gave a share of the loot to Muavia, the ruler of Syria.

Eighth Expedition
In 42nd Hijjri, Amir Muavia sent Abdul Bin and Abdullah Bin Sawar on an expedition of Sindh. They brought back several horses from the side of Keekan and other booty from Sindh, on which Muavia was very glad.

Ninth Expedition
Abdullah Bin Amir remained in Damascus and returned to the side of Keekan, during this expedition. He contacted the Turks. The Turkish troops were also on an expedition of looting. He and his people were killed and getting this information Muavia sent Abdullah Bin Sawar with four thousand cavalry along with same route and ordered them to bring well known horses of Keekan on their return. [3]

Tenth Expedition
In 44th Hijjri, Muhab Bin Abisafra, a known Commander of Abdul Rahman Bin Sumra's troop, was sent towards Sindh. Instead of going on direct route, he changed his route via mountains and fought with local people near Kandabeel and, after getting sufficient loot, he went back.

Eleventh Expedition
This expedition was also towards Kandabeel, though Sindh's route was different. Abdullah Bin Sawar got killed in this battle. Seestan's ruler sent Zaid Bin Abu Sufyan, Sinan Bin Muslim and Muhibuk Hezli towards Sindh. They looted the Makran area and occupied it. The robbers sent a portion of the loot to Amir Muavia.

Twelfth Expedition
After that, Zaid sent troops towards Sindh under the command of Rashid Bin Umer "Juwary Azdi", who attacked Keekan and kept on sending the looted cash from that country along with looted property, throughout the year. When Rashid was returning from "Munder" and "Bah Raj" hills; he met the people of the Maid tribe who arrested him. Then Sinan Bin Muslim was appointed in his place. He was killed in fighting with the people of the Maidtribe. [4]

During the last years of Amir Muavia, in forty-ninth Hijjri, Zaid Bin Ahad started an expedition towards Sindhi. He reached the "Sunarode" and took the way to Hillmund and reached Kandhar. After looting it he went back.

Thirteenth Expedition
After the death of Sinan Bin Muslim, Manzar Bin Jarood was appointed the ruler of Makran. He too marched towards Sindh, but on hearing the news of rebellion behind, he returned and stayed at Khuzdar and died there. After Manzar Bin Jarood, Ubedullah Bin Ziyad (who at the time was appointed ruler of Basra in place of his father) appointed Haris Bin Basar in his place, but he died at Tooran. In his place Hakam was appointed as his successor.

Fourteenth Expedition
After Hakam, Ibn-e-Ziad sent Sardar Bin Han to the frontiers of Sindh. He fought many battles against the Sindhis. From the above mentioned facts the readers will know the Arab expeditions toward Sindh were not for the cause of spreading Islam or getting gifts looted by pirates or for returning Muhammad Bin Alafi, who on account of tyranny of Hajjaj Bin Yousif, had taken asylum with Raja Dahir. Instead, all these expeditions were part of the Arabs thirst for conquering the rich countries in the name of religion, and thereby establishing Arab Imperialism, which was initiated by Amir Umer

It must be borne in mind that Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Persia were all highly civilized and rich countries and lay in the vicinity of the Arabs. So, at first conquering expeditions were sent to these places. In order to gain their riches and beautiful girls to be made into life-long slave girls, these expeditions were initiated at the early stage. And since Sindh was a far off place, between the vast deserts and mountains, these looting and murdering expeditions were sent to Sindhi later on. From the above mentioned narration, it is clear that these expeditions had started from tile early days of Umer but had come to an end in the days of "Waleed Bin Abdullah Malik" it took the Arab Imperialist nearly forty-five years to fulfil the desire of conquering Sindhi.

These attacks were like other imperialist conquests of marauding tribes. You cannot call the expeditions, loot, rapes, and massacre for spreading the religion of peace and love. These invasions were like the hoards of Atilla the Hun; Goths in Germany or Changez Khan's marauding of other countries for acquiring the riches. The term "spread of Islam" was only a smoke screen under which the Arab rulers mobilized the Arab people. The real purpose was the acquiring of the riches of other free countries for the consolidation of Arab Imperialism and for exploiting the labor, property and production of other people, just as the Egyptian Pharaohs had exploited the Jewish labor. The real purpose of Islam, which claimed love, unity of mankind and universal peace, could not be the purpose of looting, burning, raping and killing. These countries which were conquered by the Arabs, were more civilized and their people were God-fearing. They had their own advanced civilizations and citizenship and the majority of those Arabs who conquered them, were uncivilized and were crude nomads.

I will give more details in the second chapter of this hook. It is sufficient to mention here that the incentive behind these expeditions was for the loot of treasures of the rich countries and for satisfying the sexual lust for which the Arabs are notorious. It is sufficient to mention here in passing that Sindh suffered very much during the Arab days. On a large scale, the Arab exploited, weakened and humiliated the Sindhis. Some of the details are given as under:

After the conquest of Sindh, the Arabs subjugated the peace-loving and non-violent people of Sindh kept them under their domination. Sindhis were also extremely humiliated. As a result of this humiliation, the Sindhis had to change their originality.
After the conquest of Sindh, the Arabs took away all the wealth of Sindh. Thus, the Arabs were in no 'way different from the robbers.
After the conquest of Sindh, the Arabs took away thousands of male and female slaves to their country. The female slaves, they used as slave girls so as to satisfy their sexual lust for which they are notorious.
Some Arabs, who were in fact against the Holy Prophet and his mission, posed themselves as the champions of the new religion. They started torturing the immediate kith and kins of the Prophet. These relatives of the Prophet were the true successors of the spiritualism that Islam had in its fold. So, in utter violation of the spirit of Islam, these Arabs started practicing tribal traditions, customs and way of life. To all of it they started calling as "Shariat-e-Mohammed".

Here it is sufficient to say that the Arab expeditions and conquest and imperialism had nothing to do with religion of Islam. Their misdeeds only abused the name of Islam. The spread of Islam in Sindhi was never due to Arab rulers who were not even true Muslims themselves. It was actually due to the teachings of God moving moralists, whether Muslims or Sufis of other religions, which Muslim Soofis and Saints or followers of previous religions, who had acquired spiritual knowledge from time to time, from the teachings of their ancestors. On the contrary, true teachings of Islam were hindered by Arab rulers or their agents or by the paid Mullahs appointed by them. The ultimate result was that, after such evil doings of Arab Imperialists, Sindhis rebelled against them and freed themselves from their yoke and established their own rule.
I have already explained in the foregoing pages that the ancient Sindhis, the Dravadian civilization and citizenship was destroyed by the Arian invasion with the result that, through the passage of time, the Dravadian nation left a few traces of their civilization and disappeared from Sindh altogether. After that the Persian and the Greek Imperialists dominated Sindh. Those also left few traces behind when they left the country. The Arab imperialism did the greatest damage to Sindhi people's traditions and faith. My argument is based on the following points:


The Arabs conquered Sindh, looted and took the riches, treasures, and men and women to labor in their country. On the other hand they destroyed Sindhi's self-respect and bravery and pure faith, and for the sake of strengthening the Arab Imperialism, made it compulsory to follow the Arab traditions and customs, and to adopt names and teachings of Arab culture. The Arabs also imposed 'jazia" which means "Slave Tax", although they tried to cloak it under the garb of the so-called religion.
Sindh was passing through the tribal age that was ruled by their Chiefs, who had their vested interests and were often worshippers of the rising sun. Therefore several of them welcomed with beat of drums and flutes the Arab Imperialists and to please them offered their daughters as present. Since the Arabs were sex thirsty so they were very pleased on getting those beautiful girls. At the present time, conditions are almost the same. Comrade Ghulam Muhammad Lighari, knew the habits of certain people. He delivered a speech, in that he pointed out. "Thanks that General Ayub Khan was fond of partridge shooting and not the habit of some other pathans, but God forbidding, if he had that habit, you would see that many Pirs or Waderas (priests and Feudal lords) would stand in line naked before him to fulfil his pleasure". On account of that speech, Lighari got nine months imprisonment.
After conquering Sindh, Arabs, put down Sindhis to such a low level of social behavior by force of their swords, gave them wrong religious ideas, so that whoever nonsense and falsehood which came from Arabia, was considered sacred and the Arab people were taken as the chosen people of God. These degenerated Sindhis with vested interests began to call themselves of the Arab origin. They thought it to be a great honor.
Sometimes, people who were originally from Rajput origin started calling themselves as coming from the Arab race. They began writing their genealogies based on Arab breed. They based their folklore and history in such a way, that the Sammas called themselves descendent of Abu Lahab, (the uncle of the Prophet of Islam), and the Soomras began to call themselves "ALVI SADAT"; the Kalhoras called themselves Abbassides, descendants of Abbas, uncle of prophet of Islam, and the Baluchis declared themselves as descendants of Hamza, another uncle of Prophet Mohammed, who was martyred in the Battle of Ohad. Several persons of Sindh started calling themselves Syeds, Qureshis, Siddiqis, etc. All this became an opportunistic fashion so as to be close and on the side of the Arab imperialist rulers. It seemed that before the Arab invasion, there hardly lived any clan or tribe in Sindh. In this way the Arabs colonized Sindh. It was the height of servility and self-Degradation. The world knows that most of the Arabs were uncivilized and of nomadic tribes most of them were uncultured, crude and cruel. Their choice food used to be the meat of camel and frogs, and they used to drink camel milk and most of their habits were inherited from uncivilized people. Undoubtedly, they were a fighting people, but that was also the habit of savages as well as of animals.
Human evolution and progress lay in a peaceful and civilized way of life. It was due to the influence of Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him and his progeny) that those people were somewhat trained, united and disciplined and on account of which they succeeded in conquering the lands of the neighboring countries. We Sindhis have had our own proven five thousand years of ancient civilization. How could we forget our own history and follow in the footsteps of the uncivilized people. Simply because they had forcibly subjugated us. But when some people become servile, they follow their conquers slavishly. This innovation which the Sindhis adopted following in the footsteps of the Arabs, continued to the arrival of the Mughals. They considered it a pride and privilege to speak in Persian and, under the British rule, they also began speaking English. They spoke English even in their homes.
Now, under the present Imperialism of the Punjabis, the fake ideology of Muslims being a nation or Pakistan as one nation is invented. In following them, Sindhis of higher class whether Pirs, bureaucrats, Waderas and mullahs speak Urdu. They do it to please their masters. The reason for all this inferiority complex is that they were influenced by selfish-ness and cowardice to become an easy prey of the Punjabi masters.
After conquering Sindh, the Arabs humiliated the Sindhis so much so that the Sindhis lost their national pride. Every thing coming from Arabia was considered sacred. The love of their land unfortunately decreased and they started calling them the sons of tile Arabs. Similarly Arabic language was considered a heavenly language. The major towns of the Arabs, Mecca and Madina, were considered sacred and holy. By visiting those places, the Sindhis were to get salvation from wrong interpretation, which the conquerors had brought and taught, to them. They were so infatuated that they started singing hymns and praying to God to let them die in the Arab cities or to enable them to sweep the streets of Mecca and Madina. Such was the bad influence of the Arab conquerors that they forgot even the names of their ancestors and started calling themselves of Arab caste and kept Arabic names. Every Arab custom or tradition was considered a part of Islam. On the other hand, every custom and tradition of Sindhi origin was considered UN-Islamic and unfit. Instead of love of Sindh and Sindhi nation, they prided in calling themselves Muslims and showing love for the foreign country of Arabia.
It is a universal practice of centuries that people love their traditions. For meeting or trade or pleasure, they used to gather at a chosen or central place in an annual gathering and perform rites or rituals at such meeting places. In this way they acquired national unity by national consciousness and homogeneity. In Sindh also there were several such places like Yea'ic Dharm, Buddha Dharam and places of some Saints where annual functions were held. But the Arabs cleverly diverted their attention towards their own places in Arabia.

great article thanks for educating basics... may be i have to read to improve my knowledge on history thank u very much

 

[rock127]

Good to see Sindhis are proud of their ancestors who fought evil Moguls.

We can never expect such things from Pakjabis who even glorify their rapists by calling themselves Moguls.

 

[Siddhartha Gupta]

This history of Sindh has really enlightened me. I had read about the righteous Raja Dahir of Sindh during my childhood but, our history text books do not contain the detailed facts. It is heartening to note that the Sindhi Nationalist are tracing their past and understanding the true nature of Arab imperialism that had perpetrated in the name if Islam. I salute all my Sindhi brothers and sisters and extol them to spread the true historical facts amongst their fellow Sindgi people so that they understand their true past and denounce the Islamist fundamentalists of the rogue state of Pakistan. Above all I would like to say that spare none who comes between you and your language & culture.

 

[Bornubus]

Pakis should name a stadium after Dahir or Porus,the hindu son of soils instead of naming stuff after a donkeys like Gaddafi whose body was showcased in a departmental store.

 

[tarunraju]

Pakis should name a stadium after Dahir or Porus,the hindu son of soils instead of naming stuff after a donkeys like Gaddafi whose body was showcased in a departmental store.

They named the stadium after Gaddafi because it was built in part by Libyan bheek.