The ownership of the Falkland Island is complicated.
The British claims that they are the first to record the existence of the islands because John Davis in 1592 saw the Islands and named it after Viscount Falkland, the the treasurer of the navy, Viscount Falkland and then sailed on. Davis was the commander of the Desire, one of the ships belonging to Thomas Cavendish's second expedition to the New World.
However, the Islands appeared on Portuguese maps from the early 16th century. The is no definite proof but there is evidence that the Island was discovered by the Portuguese since there are two maps, one, made by the Portuguese cartographer Pedro Reinel in about 1522 and the other a French copy of a Portuguese map bought in Lisbon by André Thévet (1516-1590), a Franciscan friar ; this copy is now in the manuscript of a large unpublished work by Thevet in the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris.
The islands remain uninhabited till the French established a colony at Port Louis on East Falkland in 1764. They named the Islands as les ÃŽles Malouines.
The following year Lord Byron heading a British expedition established a fort at Port Egmont on the tiny Saunders island north of West Falkland. Byron claims the islands for Britain. The expedition was not aware of the French presence in East Falkland.
The next year Captain John MacBride established a British settlement at Port Egmont. Spain had acquired the Island from France and In 1766, France agreed to leave, and Spain agreed to reimburse Louis de Bougainville, who had established a settlement at his own expense. The Spaniards assumed control in 1767 and renamed Port St. Louis as Puerto Soledad.
The British presence in the west continued. However during the Falkland Criris from 10 July 1770 to 22 January 1771 Spain captured the Islands. Britain on 20 May 1744 withdrew from the Island, though left a plaque asserting British sovereignty over the Islands.
Spain ruled the Islands from Buenos Aires until 1811 The pressures of the Peninsular war against Bonapartist rule at home and the moves toward independence by her South American colonies forced Spain to withdraw from the Island, though like Britain earlier, Spain left behind a plaque proclaiming her sovereignty.
When the Argentinians asserted their independence from Spain, in 1816, they also lay claim to the Spanish territory of the Malvinas. Argentinians took possession of the islands in 1820.
n 1832 Britain reasserted its claim to the Falklands and the next year a British force arrived and evicted the Argentinians. British settlers were brought in to populate the Islands. Argentina has from then on contested British sovereignty.
(Complied from various sources)