US promised India help if China attacked during 1971 Indo-Pak war - The Times of India
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NEW DELHI: Despite its intense animosity towards India during the 1971 war, the US promised New Delhi "all out" support in case China carried out any unprovoked attack on India, recently declassified documents reveal 40 years after the historic war that created Bangladesh. The revelations add fresh twist to the narrative of the Indo-Pak war of 1971. Based on a set of freshly declassified documents of the ministry of external affairs, TOI had in early November
reported that the US hostility towards India
during the 1971 war was far beyond what was
publicly known. And that the US had probably
also prepared a few Marine battalions for
operations against the Indian military.
Communications of the Indian embassy in
Washington and of the government in New
Delhi show that US offered "all out" help if China
were to enter the Indo-Pak standoff to favour its
all-weather friend.
After a meeting with Henry Kissinger, then
adviser to President Richard Nixon, on August
25, 1971, Indian ambassador to the US L K Jha
reported to New Delhi, "He said that in a 1962
type of situation, US will not hesitate to give all
out help to India against China, and there is no
change of position on this." Kissinger was
referring to the military conflict between India
and China in 1962 in which India was humiliated.
A few weeks before this meeting, during a visit
to New Delhi, Kissinger told then defence
minister Jagjivan Ram, "I might tell you that we
would take a very grave view of any Chinese
move against India."
Ambassador Jha had spent three hours with
Kissinger in San Clemente White House, the
vacation home of Nixon, on August 25, as
tension mounted in South Asia. They discussed
details of issues that could crop up in an
upcoming meeting between then PM Indira
Gandhi and Nixon.
But "in this one (letter to foreign secretary T N
Kaul), I am dealing with one specific point
relating to the US attitude in the event of China
joining on the side of Pakistan in a conflict with
us", the ambassador wrote. Discussions with
Kissinger on possible Chinese aggression were
prompted by queries from New Delhi, the letter
shows. New Delhi was worried that China could
open a second front against India, even as it
fought Pakistan. Such a collaboration between
China and Pakistan still remains a worry for the
Indian security establishment.
"Then I asked that in order to be quite clear and
free from any ambiguity or doubt, I would
welcome a fuller formulation from him of the US
position in case we are involved in any kind of a
conflict with China." In response, Kissinger
offered "all out" help in case of a 1962 type
situation. Then he went on to discuss other
possible scenarios.
"If it was a 1965 type of Pakistani attack, then
even without Chinese involvement, US would
take the toughest measures against Pakistan, and
if China came to its help, it would not hesitate to
help us with arms, though not with men," Jha
wrote. The situation Kissinger referred was an
unprovoked Pakistani aggression.
"However, the chances were that if the present
situation escalates into a conflict, it would be
very hard to tell who is to blame. Thus, if India
sent two divisions of irregulars into East Bengal
and Pakistanis sent four such divisions into
Kashmir, it would not be a situation in which the
US could possibly help even if China threw its
weight on the side of Pakistan," Kissinger told
Jha, according to the ambassador's letter.
This letter from the Indian ambassador was seen
by the foreign minister, the secretary to the
prime minister and most other senior officials.