And now the Marxist account of the destruction of this jewel of knowledge. In 2004, D.N. Jha was the president of the Indian History Congress. In the presidential address he delivered — one to which we shall turn as an example of Marxist "scholarship" [What exactly is a "Marxist" scholarship?] — this is the account he gives of the destruction of Buddhist viharas, and of Nalanda in particular:
"A Tibetan tradition has it that the Kalacuri King Karna (11th century) destroyed many Buddhist temples and monasteries in Magadha, and the Tibetan text Pag Sam Jon Zang refers to the burning of the library of Nalanda by some 'Hindu fanatics'." [PSJZ clearly uses the term tirthika, which is used to refer to Hindus. The word tirtha refers to pilgrimage. Hindu ascetics are known to ask for alms, so they can legitimately be called beggars. A person who sets fire to buildings is an arsonist, and calling him a fanatic isn't unreasonable. How is calling an arsonist a fanatic a "Marxist" account? How is calling a tirthika a Hindu a "Marxist" account?]
"Hindu fanatics"? The expression struck me as odd. [What is so odd about it, Mr. Shourie? And what is "Marxist" about it?] A Tibetan text of the 18th century using so current an expression as "Hindu fanatics"? Especially so because, on Jha's own reckoning, Hinduism is an invention of the British in the late 19th century? So, what is this "Tibetan text"?
What does it say? Had Jha looked it up?
Pag Sam Jon Zang was written by Sumpa Khan-Po Yece Pal Jor. The author lived in 1704-88: that is, 500 years after the destruction of Nalanda. That is the first thing that strikes one: our historian disregards the contemporaneous account, Tabakat-i-Nasiri, and opts for a text written 500 years after the event. But had he read the text at all? Could a self-respecting Marxist have at all believed what is written in it?
This is how Sarat Chandra Das, the translator and editor of Pag Sam Jon Zang, sets out the account of the destruction of Nalanda as given in this text:
"While a religious sermon was being delivered in the temple that he (Kakuta Sidha, a minister of a king of Magadha) had erected at Nalanda, a few young monks threw washing water at two Tirthika beggars. The beggars being angry, set fire on the three shrines of dharma ganja, the Buddhist university of Nalanda — that is, Ratna Sagara, Ratna Ranjaka including the nine-storey building called Ratnadadhi which contained the library of sacred books" (pg 92). [So, Mr. Shourie, you rely on Mr. Das' translation, which indeed states that it was the "Hindu fanatics," or to keep you happy, "Hindu arsonists" who burnt down Nalanda. Is using the term "Hindu arsonist" sufficiently "non-Marxist" for you?]
Two beggars could go from building to building of that huge campus and, with all the monks present, burn down the entire, huge, scattered complex? [The question is not whether two beggars could do what they did. The question is, whether the actual translation of the PSJZ indeed corroborates what Mr. Jha allegedly said. It did, except that the transliteration of tirthika, beggars, and their subsequent actions of allegedly burning down the buildings, would be more appropriate as "Hindu pilgrim arsonists" instead od "Hindu fanatics." Since you, Mr. Shourie are so particular about word to word translation, nay, transliteration, I hope you will be particular enough to explain his accusation as to what is "Marxist" about using "Hindu fanatics" instead of "Hindu pilgrim arsonists?"]