u took over an area doesnt mean u call people in that area hans.......sinization doesnt mean u call non-han han as well.....
u cant find any1 converted from tibetans to hans can u???
while u refuse to accept muslims r getting converted to hindus dont u???my hindu friend......
Sinicisation of Tibet
Early Development
The sinicization of Tibet is the change of Tibetan society and culture since the People's Liberation Army invasion of Tibet in 1950 to better resemble that of the Han Chinese, by means of cultural assimilation, migration, and political reform.
Sinicization on the one hand is an inevitable consequence of the presence of a large number of Han Chinese in Tibet and on the other hand an active policy of the central government of the People's Republic of China.
The active policy intends to make Tibet an integral part of China and allegedly control any desire for Tibetan self-determination. The government of China portrays this policy as beneficial to Tibet as political, social and economic reforms have been implemented. However, the government of Tibet in exile alleges that the consequence of this policy is the disappearance of certain elements of Tibetan culture, sometimes termed cultural genocide
In the decades after the collapse of Qing Dynasty and preceding 1950, the region roughly corresponding to the modern day TAR was a de facto independent nation. It also printed its own currency and postage, and conducted international relations with foreign countries. It claimed three provinces Amdo, Kham, and Ü-Tsang (but had only control of west Kham and Ü-Tsang). Since 1950, China reorganized the area somewhat, by making east Kham part of Sichuan, and west Kham part of the newly established Tibet Autonomous Region.
During the Republic of China era following the fall of the Qing Dynasty in the early 20th century, the Chinese Muslim General Ma Bufang, warlord and Governor of Qinghai is accused by Tibetans of having carrying out Sinicization and Islamification policies in Tibetan areas, spreading along Chinese holidays like New Year and Chinese celebrations along with the Islamic religion and making them marry non Tibetans. Forced conversion and heavy taxes were reported under his rule.
China calls the entry of its army into Tibet in 1950 a "peaceful liberation"; the government of Tibet in exile calls it an "invasion" and "colonization". However, the Chinese government points to population increases and quality of life improvements as justifications for their assertion of power in the historically Chinese-claimed region.
Prior to the invasion, the economy of Tibet was dominated by subsistence agriculture. Thus, the stationing of 35,000 Chinese troops in the 1950s weighed heavily on the food supplies in Tibet. At Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama's visit to Mao Zedong in Beijing in 1954, Mao informed him that he would migrate 40,000 Chinese farmers to Tibet
In the 1960s, as part of Mao Zedong's Great Leap Forward, Chinese authorities forced Tibetan farmers to cultivate maize instead of barley, the traditional crop of the Himalaya region. However, like many of the policies implemented during the Great Leap Forward, the decision proved to be disastrous, resulting in the failing of the harvest and the starving of thousands of Tibetans.
During Cultural Revolution
The Cultural Revolution was a revolution involving students and labourers of the Chinese communist party that was initiated by Mao and was carried on by the Gang of Four between 1966 and 1976 with the intention of preserving Maoism as the leading ideology of China. It was an inter-party struggle to eliminate political opposition against Mao.
The Cultural Revolution affected the whole of China and Tibet suffered greatly as a result. Red Guards attacked civilians who were branded traitors to communism. Thousands of monasteries were looted and destroyed. Monks and nuns were forced to leave their monasteries to "live a normal life", while those who resisted were imprisoned. Prisoners were forced into hard labor, tortured, and executed. The Potala Palace was nearly harmed, but the intervention of Premier Zhou Enlai prevented the Tibetan Red Guards from causing damage.
Migration into Tibet.
China's "national strategic project to develop the West", launched in the 80s-90s, encourages the migration of Chinese people from other regions of China into Tibet, luring them there with attractive bonuses and favourable living conditions. Often, people volunteer to be sent there as teachers, doctors and administrators to assist in the development of Tibet.
Citing the low quality of the labour force and less-developed infrastructure, the Chinese government has encouraged an in-flow of migrants to stimulate competition and to transform Tibet from a traditional planned economy to a market economy in line with the rest of China.
Since the end of the 1990s there have come to be more Chinese than Tibetans in Greater Tibet (but still a minority in the designated Tibetan Autonomous Region). As of 2003, the population consisted of an estimated 6 million ethnic Tibetans and 7.5 million non-Tibetans of different ethnic groups.
In 1949, there were between 300 and 400 Chinese residents in Lhasa.[15] In 1950, the town covered fewer than 3 square kilometres and harboured around 30,000 inhabitants. The Potala Palace and the village of Zhöl below it were considered separate from the city at the time. In 1953, according to the first population census, Lhasa numbered about 30,000 residents, including 4,000 beggars and not counting the 15,000 monks.
By 1992, Lhasa's permanent population was estimated at a little under 140,000 people, including 96,431 Tibetans, 40,387 Han Chinese and 2,998 sundry. To that figure must be added something like 60,000 and 80,000 temporary residents, for the most part Tibetan pilgrims and traders. In 2008, Lhasa had 400,000 people, with a majority still being Tibetan.
The 2008 attacks by Tibetans on Han and Hui owned property were allegedly due to large amounts of them moving into Tibet. George Fitzherbert has said that,
"Tibetans complain of being robbed of their dignity in their homeland by having their genuinely loved leader incessantly denounced, and of being swamped by Chinese immigration to the point of becoming a minority in their own country."
The Chinese government has put significant resources into the development of Tibet for its own use. In 2009, the Chinese government invested over $3 billion into the region, 31% more than was invested in 2008. One of the most significant investments is the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, completed in 2006 at a cost of $3.68 billion, leading to an increase of tourists coming from the rest of China.
The Shanghai government contributed $8.6 million to the construction of the Tibet Shanghai Experimental School, where 1500 Tibetan students receive an education exclusively in Chinese, with the exception of Tibetan language courses.
In 1989, Robert Badinter, a high-profile French criminal lawyer, participated in a well-known French television program devoted to human rights, Apostrophes, in the presence of the 14th Dalaï Lama. Talking about the disappearance of the Tibetan culture in Tibet, Robert Badinter used the term "cultural genocide".
Later on, and for the first time in 1993, the Dalaï Lama used the same term, "cultural genocide", to describe the destruction of the Tibetan culture.
More recently, at the time of 2008 Tibetan unrest, he accused the Chinese of Cultural genocide in their crackdown.
I hope that would show how Tibetans are being made into Han.
Are you a Tongzhi?
I would like to inform me that given your knowledge, I daresay you are my friend since equals could be friends.
Further, I have mentioned that I am not a Hindu friend.
That a Muslim cannot be converted or else he will face death has been explained to you from a Muslim source.
But then I concede that it is in English and so maybe you cannot understand the basics given in basic and elementary English!
You tend to be like a cracked record by repeating the same thing which has been explained.
The reason is well understood - you are stumped and totally got yourself entangled in your web of fantasies!
