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Once Some where I read The JV takes off and Israel successfully installed Barak 8 on their ships
looks someone blaming via ToI
looks someone blaming via ToI
Naval Barak-8 Missiles, Israel, India
- Thread starter LETHALFORCE
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The Indian-Israeli Barak-8 programme - more than meets the eye - Ariel View
The Indian-Israeli Barak-8 programme – more than meets the eye
Cooperation between Israel and India includes the main ingredients of vast defence collaboration between the two countries. This is so because of the budget and technology involved.
The Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) Barak-8 missile system is the focus of a memorandum of understanding (MOU) signed recently between Bharat Electronics Limited India (BEL) and the Israeli company.
The Barak-8 is a long-range anti-air and anti-missile naval defence system being developed jointly by IAI and the Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO) of India.
The missile is designed to defend ships from aircraft, unmanned air systems and anti-ship missiles and is expected to enter service with the Indian navy this year.
In January 2006 India and Israel signed a $350 million agreement to co-develop a new generation of long-range surface-to-air missiles for the Indian navy.
Subsequently, in April 2009 Israel signed a $1.1 billion deal to deliver the Barak-8 air defence system to India. Deliveries are expected to be concluded by 2017.
For several years IAI has been engaged in joint development programmes with the DRDO and Indian defence industries for the Indian navy and Indian air force, including joint manufacturing of sub-systems.
According to the MOU, BEL will function as the lead integrator and produce major sub-systems. IAI will continue to act as the design authority and produce sub-systems as a main sub-contractor of BEL.
Barak-8 missiles will be installed on the three Project 15A Kolkata-class guided-missile destroyers under construction at the Mazagon shipyard in India.
Delivery of the first vessel is scheduled for later this year. Operational status aboard the ship is expected next year.
The cooperation between India and Israel on the Barak-8 has a far more reaching meaning than it may appear at first glance.
It brings the resources of the two countries together – and this will undoubtedly result in more such programmes. - See more at: The Indian-Israeli Barak-8 programme - more than meets the eye - Ariel View
The Indian-Israeli Barak-8 programme – more than meets the eye
Cooperation between Israel and India includes the main ingredients of vast defence collaboration between the two countries. This is so because of the budget and technology involved.
The Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) Barak-8 missile system is the focus of a memorandum of understanding (MOU) signed recently between Bharat Electronics Limited India (BEL) and the Israeli company.
The Barak-8 is a long-range anti-air and anti-missile naval defence system being developed jointly by IAI and the Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO) of India.
The missile is designed to defend ships from aircraft, unmanned air systems and anti-ship missiles and is expected to enter service with the Indian navy this year.
In January 2006 India and Israel signed a $350 million agreement to co-develop a new generation of long-range surface-to-air missiles for the Indian navy.
Subsequently, in April 2009 Israel signed a $1.1 billion deal to deliver the Barak-8 air defence system to India. Deliveries are expected to be concluded by 2017.
For several years IAI has been engaged in joint development programmes with the DRDO and Indian defence industries for the Indian navy and Indian air force, including joint manufacturing of sub-systems.
According to the MOU, BEL will function as the lead integrator and produce major sub-systems. IAI will continue to act as the design authority and produce sub-systems as a main sub-contractor of BEL.
Barak-8 missiles will be installed on the three Project 15A Kolkata-class guided-missile destroyers under construction at the Mazagon shipyard in India.
Delivery of the first vessel is scheduled for later this year. Operational status aboard the ship is expected next year.
The cooperation between India and Israel on the Barak-8 has a far more reaching meaning than it may appear at first glance.
It brings the resources of the two countries together – and this will undoubtedly result in more such programmes. - See more at: The Indian-Israeli Barak-8 programme - more than meets the eye - Ariel View
LETHALFORCE
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May have started already. Israel inducted the missile.
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Israel didn't induct them yet. September'13 tests failed.
India Hedges its Bets by Looking for Homegrown Surface-to-air Missiles | Defense News | defensenews.com
India Hedges its Bets by Looking for Homegrown Surface-to-air Missiles | Defense News | defensenews.com
Hari Sud
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Lethal force
Can you elaborate on difficulties which development and manufacture work on Barak 8 has run into.
Strategy Page - a US website ran a story about two weeks back that India did not have enough talent and manufacturing skill to produce this missile locally.
What is the truth?
Can you elaborate on difficulties which development and manufacture work on Barak 8 has run into.
Strategy Page - a US website ran a story about two weeks back that India did not have enough talent and manufacturing skill to produce this missile locally.
What is the truth?
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LETHALFORCE
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Upto 200 scientist from India stayed in Israel over 2 years for this joint project.
The issue is not talent or manufacturing but Imo it's political and money.
Almost all the missiles and systems made by israeli rafeal have been acquired
By india.
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Yes, that was the plan... (July 29, 2013)
But, before induction, this happened (Sep 12, 2013):
LETHALFORCE
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Just going by the reports... I would love to see a counter report from an official source. I would love it even more if we see Barak-8 installed and ready on the P-15A boats and on Vikramaditya by 2014.
No idea about P-270, some even claim Delhi is guarded by S-300.
But there are enough reports to suggest that Novator K-100 is real. no doubt on that. Might see operational service by 2015.
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Israel rejects bribery charge, Barak missile probe may end
Israel has said that no Israeli firm paid kickbacks to any Indian individual or firm to clinch the Rs. 1,150 crore Barak anti-missile defence system. The revelation comes as a blow to the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) with agency director Ranjit Sinha admitting that the probe into alleged bribes paid 'may close down due to lack of evidence' since the details from Israel were crucial to proving the suspected irregularities in the case.
The 2000 Barak anti-missile defence deal was suspected to have been transacted in spite of the objections of the Defence Research and Development Organisation, which recommended the indigenously developed Trishul. It was also alleged that the deal was over-priced and processed essentially on a single-tender basis.
"Israel flatly said its verifications have found no evidence of any bribe or illegal commission to an Indian or an Indian firm by the accused Israeli missile system manufacturing firm, the state-run Israel Aircraft Industries Limited," a CBI source said. The denial is part of Israel's much-delayed response to CBI's judicial request and reminders, seeking details about the transaction which were sent after the agency lodged a First Information Report (FIR) in the case in October 2006.
The 2006 FIR mentioned former defence minister George Fernandes and then Navy chief Sushil Kumar, apart from unidentified officials of the Israel Aircraft Industries Limited. Fernandes and Kumar had rejected any alleged wrongdoing.
Israel insists that certain foreign remittances from a few Israeli firm accounts to some suspected Indian firms were genuine business transactions, the source said.
"It is suspected that bribes were paid to individuals in India via middlemen but we don't have adequate evidence to confirm that now," the source added.
The Barak (lightning in Hebrew) missile system employs vertically launched missiles to counter anti-ship sea-skimming missiles and attack by aircraft.
Israel rejects bribery charge, Barak missile probe may end - Hindustan Times
Israel has said that no Israeli firm paid kickbacks to any Indian individual or firm to clinch the Rs. 1,150 crore Barak anti-missile defence system. The revelation comes as a blow to the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) with agency director Ranjit Sinha admitting that the probe into alleged bribes paid 'may close down due to lack of evidence' since the details from Israel were crucial to proving the suspected irregularities in the case.
The 2000 Barak anti-missile defence deal was suspected to have been transacted in spite of the objections of the Defence Research and Development Organisation, which recommended the indigenously developed Trishul. It was also alleged that the deal was over-priced and processed essentially on a single-tender basis.
"Israel flatly said its verifications have found no evidence of any bribe or illegal commission to an Indian or an Indian firm by the accused Israeli missile system manufacturing firm, the state-run Israel Aircraft Industries Limited," a CBI source said. The denial is part of Israel's much-delayed response to CBI's judicial request and reminders, seeking details about the transaction which were sent after the agency lodged a First Information Report (FIR) in the case in October 2006.
The 2006 FIR mentioned former defence minister George Fernandes and then Navy chief Sushil Kumar, apart from unidentified officials of the Israel Aircraft Industries Limited. Fernandes and Kumar had rejected any alleged wrongdoing.
Israel insists that certain foreign remittances from a few Israeli firm accounts to some suspected Indian firms were genuine business transactions, the source said.
"It is suspected that bribes were paid to individuals in India via middlemen but we don't have adequate evidence to confirm that now," the source added.
The Barak (lightning in Hebrew) missile system employs vertically launched missiles to counter anti-ship sea-skimming missiles and attack by aircraft.
Israel rejects bribery charge, Barak missile probe may end - Hindustan Times
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@LETHALFORCE, Sir not able to open the link. Please post the content........
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Land-Based: MR-SAM
India has 2 different programs that could use the new longer-range Barak missile. The naval Barak-NG, or LR-SAM deal, was the first. Signed in 2006, it's worth INR 26.06 billion (about $591 million at then-conversion) as of December 2009.
India's Navy has decided as a matter of policy that it will only mount medium-long range surface-to-air missile systems on future warships, as opposed to depending on short range systems that might protect a ship, but don't offer layered defense for the rest of the fleet. This was an early sign of its transition to a more of a "blue water" navy that can reach into high-threat areas, and a logical complement to India's establishment of a serious carrier force beginning with INS Vikramaditya (ex Admiral Gorshkov ).
Hence the 2006 Barak-NG naval agreement, which gives India an upgraded version of a familiar system, extends India's technological capabilities, fosters economic ties and integration at sub-component levels, and helps the Israelis build a new system that meets some of their own emerging requirements. The new system would reportedly have a range of 50-60 km.
Making that happen required some loosening of bureaucratic constraints on India's defense industry. Based on projections of need and the high cost of air defense systems, India's Ministry of Defence began initiatives under which Indian state-owned agencies can forge joint co-development and co-production ventures with foreign companies. The rationale is that under these partnerships, much of the underlying technology will remain in India. Israel has risen to become one of India's largest defense industry partners, and may be on its way to surpassing Russia as India's largest partner.
That rise, India's previous positive experiences with Barak, and the opportunity to help develop new technologies instead of buying them, all led India toward Israel for its next-generation naval SAM partnership.
Israel Aerospace Industries will be the key partner, and will contribute most of the applicable technology, just as Russia did for the BrahMos by offering its SS-N-26 Oniks missile as the base platform. 2011 Barak-8 materials show Indian firms contributing the dual-pulse rocket motor, associated motor arming/safing mechanisms, and the pneumatic actuation system. On the other hand, India Defence reports that IAI and its Israeli partners have agreed to transfer all relevant technologies and manufacturing capabilities to India.
The LR-SAM project is now slated for completion by December 2015, which would be about a decade from its 2005 project approval to fielding. Israel will be ahead of that schedule, as they began steps to field Barak-8 in their navy by mid-2013.
Land-Based: MR-SAM
SA-3
(click to view full)
The Barak-8"²s follow-on project involves a land-based system, intended to replace old Russian systems. Most reports place MR-SAM's desired capabilities at 70 km/ 42 mile range effective range, with 360 degree coverage, plus the ability to engage multiple targets simultaneously. As The Times of India put it, in 2007:
"The project is crucial because, as highlighted by TOI earlier, there are still "many gaping holes" in India's radar network and the armed forces only have near-obsolete air defence units like Russian Pechora [DID: upgraded SA-3], OSA-AK [DID: SA-8B, scheduled for interim upgrades ], and Igla [DID: SA-16 shoulder-fired] missile systems.
Sources peg the MR-SAM project as an extension of the ongoing DRDO-Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) project, launched in January 2006 at a cost of $480 million, to develop a supersonic 60-km Barak-NG (new-generation) missile defence system for Navy."
India Defence and the Israeli newspaper Ha'aretz also reported that MR-SAM would be an extension of work done on the Barak-NG deal, and this seems to be the general consensus.
SA-8
(click to view full)
The DRDO Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) will be the 'prime developer' for the MR-SAM project, which will reportedly have a Rs 2,300 crore (INR 23 billion, about $445 million at signing in 2009) indigenous component within an estimated Rs 10,075 crore (INR 100.75 billion, about $1.95 billion at signing) total. The 4-5 year project aims to provide India's military with 9 advanced air defense squadrons, each with 2 MR-SAM firing units. Each MR-SAM unit, in turn, would consist of a command and control center, an acquisition radar, a guidance radar, and 3 launchers with 8 missiles each.
MR-SAM's total would therefore be 10 C2 centers, 18 acquisition radars, 18 guidance radars, and 54 launchers, armed with 432 ready-to-fire missiles. Some reports have placed total missile orders as high as 2,000, which would add a significant reserve stockpile to replenish missiles in any conflict.
Indian sources estimated a 4-year, $300 million System Design & Development phase to develop unique system elements, and produce an initial tranche of the land-based missiles. As of its approval by the Cabinet Committee on Security in July 2007, MR-SAM surpassed the BrahMos project in size, and may be the largest joint defense development project ever undertaken between India and any other country.
The MR-SAM project reportedly has a "probable date of completion" by August 2016, which would be around 7 years from its 2009 approval.
Contracts & Key Events
2014
India has 2 different programs that could use the new longer-range Barak missile. The naval Barak-NG, or LR-SAM deal, was the first. Signed in 2006, it's worth INR 26.06 billion (about $591 million at then-conversion) as of December 2009.
India's Navy has decided as a matter of policy that it will only mount medium-long range surface-to-air missile systems on future warships, as opposed to depending on short range systems that might protect a ship, but don't offer layered defense for the rest of the fleet. This was an early sign of its transition to a more of a "blue water" navy that can reach into high-threat areas, and a logical complement to India's establishment of a serious carrier force beginning with INS Vikramaditya (ex Admiral Gorshkov ).
Hence the 2006 Barak-NG naval agreement, which gives India an upgraded version of a familiar system, extends India's technological capabilities, fosters economic ties and integration at sub-component levels, and helps the Israelis build a new system that meets some of their own emerging requirements. The new system would reportedly have a range of 50-60 km.
Making that happen required some loosening of bureaucratic constraints on India's defense industry. Based on projections of need and the high cost of air defense systems, India's Ministry of Defence began initiatives under which Indian state-owned agencies can forge joint co-development and co-production ventures with foreign companies. The rationale is that under these partnerships, much of the underlying technology will remain in India. Israel has risen to become one of India's largest defense industry partners, and may be on its way to surpassing Russia as India's largest partner.
That rise, India's previous positive experiences with Barak, and the opportunity to help develop new technologies instead of buying them, all led India toward Israel for its next-generation naval SAM partnership.
Israel Aerospace Industries will be the key partner, and will contribute most of the applicable technology, just as Russia did for the BrahMos by offering its SS-N-26 Oniks missile as the base platform. 2011 Barak-8 materials show Indian firms contributing the dual-pulse rocket motor, associated motor arming/safing mechanisms, and the pneumatic actuation system. On the other hand, India Defence reports that IAI and its Israeli partners have agreed to transfer all relevant technologies and manufacturing capabilities to India.
The LR-SAM project is now slated for completion by December 2015, which would be about a decade from its 2005 project approval to fielding. Israel will be ahead of that schedule, as they began steps to field Barak-8 in their navy by mid-2013.
Land-Based: MR-SAM
SA-3
(click to view full)
The Barak-8"²s follow-on project involves a land-based system, intended to replace old Russian systems. Most reports place MR-SAM's desired capabilities at 70 km/ 42 mile range effective range, with 360 degree coverage, plus the ability to engage multiple targets simultaneously. As The Times of India put it, in 2007:
"The project is crucial because, as highlighted by TOI earlier, there are still "many gaping holes" in India's radar network and the armed forces only have near-obsolete air defence units like Russian Pechora [DID: upgraded SA-3], OSA-AK [DID: SA-8B, scheduled for interim upgrades ], and Igla [DID: SA-16 shoulder-fired] missile systems.
Sources peg the MR-SAM project as an extension of the ongoing DRDO-Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) project, launched in January 2006 at a cost of $480 million, to develop a supersonic 60-km Barak-NG (new-generation) missile defence system for Navy."
India Defence and the Israeli newspaper Ha'aretz also reported that MR-SAM would be an extension of work done on the Barak-NG deal, and this seems to be the general consensus.
SA-8
(click to view full)
The DRDO Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) will be the 'prime developer' for the MR-SAM project, which will reportedly have a Rs 2,300 crore (INR 23 billion, about $445 million at signing in 2009) indigenous component within an estimated Rs 10,075 crore (INR 100.75 billion, about $1.95 billion at signing) total. The 4-5 year project aims to provide India's military with 9 advanced air defense squadrons, each with 2 MR-SAM firing units. Each MR-SAM unit, in turn, would consist of a command and control center, an acquisition radar, a guidance radar, and 3 launchers with 8 missiles each.
MR-SAM's total would therefore be 10 C2 centers, 18 acquisition radars, 18 guidance radars, and 54 launchers, armed with 432 ready-to-fire missiles. Some reports have placed total missile orders as high as 2,000, which would add a significant reserve stockpile to replenish missiles in any conflict.
Indian sources estimated a 4-year, $300 million System Design & Development phase to develop unique system elements, and produce an initial tranche of the land-based missiles. As of its approval by the Cabinet Committee on Security in July 2007, MR-SAM surpassed the BrahMos project in size, and may be the largest joint defense development project ever undertaken between India and any other country.
The MR-SAM project reportedly has a "probable date of completion" by August 2016, which would be around 7 years from its 2009 approval.
Contracts & Key Events
2014
LETHALFORCE
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The Navy: LR-SAM
Engagement profile
(click to view the rest)
India has 2 different programs that could use the new longer-range Barak missile. The naval Barak-NG, or LR-SAM deal, was the first. Signed in 2006, it's worth INR 26.06 billion (about $591 million at then-conversion) as of December 2009.
India's Navy has decided as a matter of policy that it will only mount medium-long range surface-to-air missile systems on future warships, as opposed to depending on short range systems that might protect a ship, but don't offer layered defense for the rest of the fleet. This was an early sign of its transition to a more of a "blue water" navy that can reach into high-threat areas, and a logical complement to India's establishment of a serious carrier force beginning with INS Vikramaditya (ex Admiral Gorshkov ).
Hence the 2006 Barak-NG naval agreement, which gives India an upgraded version of a familiar system, extends India's technological capabilities, fosters economic ties and integration at sub-component levels, and helps the Israelis build a new system that meets some of their own emerging requirements. The new system would reportedly have a range of 50-60 km.
Making that happen required some loosening of bureaucratic constraints on India's defense industry. Based on projections of need and the high cost of air defense systems, India's Ministry of Defence began initiatives under which Indian state-owned agencies can forge joint co-development and co-production ventures with foreign companies. The rationale is that under these partnerships, much of the underlying technology will remain in India. Israel has risen to become one of India's largest defense industry partners, and may be on its way to surpassing Russia as India's largest partner.
That rise, India's previous positive experiences with Barak, and the opportunity to help develop new technologies instead of buying them, all led India toward Israel for its next-generation naval SAM partnership.
Israel Aerospace Industries will be the key partner, and will contribute most of the applicable technology, just as Russia did for the BrahMos by offering its SS-N-26 Oniks missile as the base platform. 2011 Barak-8 materials show Indian firms contributing the dual-pulse rocket motor, associated motor arming/safing mechanisms, and the pneumatic actuation system. On the other hand, India Defence reports that IAI and its Israeli partners have agreed to transfer all relevant technologies and manufacturing capabilities to India.
The LR-SAM project is now slated for completion by December 2015, which would be about a decade from its 2005 project approval to fielding. Israel will be ahead of that schedule, as they began steps to field Barak-8 in their navy by mid-2013.
Engagement profile
(click to view the rest)
India has 2 different programs that could use the new longer-range Barak missile. The naval Barak-NG, or LR-SAM deal, was the first. Signed in 2006, it's worth INR 26.06 billion (about $591 million at then-conversion) as of December 2009.
India's Navy has decided as a matter of policy that it will only mount medium-long range surface-to-air missile systems on future warships, as opposed to depending on short range systems that might protect a ship, but don't offer layered defense for the rest of the fleet. This was an early sign of its transition to a more of a "blue water" navy that can reach into high-threat areas, and a logical complement to India's establishment of a serious carrier force beginning with INS Vikramaditya (ex Admiral Gorshkov ).
Hence the 2006 Barak-NG naval agreement, which gives India an upgraded version of a familiar system, extends India's technological capabilities, fosters economic ties and integration at sub-component levels, and helps the Israelis build a new system that meets some of their own emerging requirements. The new system would reportedly have a range of 50-60 km.
Making that happen required some loosening of bureaucratic constraints on India's defense industry. Based on projections of need and the high cost of air defense systems, India's Ministry of Defence began initiatives under which Indian state-owned agencies can forge joint co-development and co-production ventures with foreign companies. The rationale is that under these partnerships, much of the underlying technology will remain in India. Israel has risen to become one of India's largest defense industry partners, and may be on its way to surpassing Russia as India's largest partner.
That rise, India's previous positive experiences with Barak, and the opportunity to help develop new technologies instead of buying them, all led India toward Israel for its next-generation naval SAM partnership.
Israel Aerospace Industries will be the key partner, and will contribute most of the applicable technology, just as Russia did for the BrahMos by offering its SS-N-26 Oniks missile as the base platform. 2011 Barak-8 materials show Indian firms contributing the dual-pulse rocket motor, associated motor arming/safing mechanisms, and the pneumatic actuation system. On the other hand, India Defence reports that IAI and its Israeli partners have agreed to transfer all relevant technologies and manufacturing capabilities to India.
The LR-SAM project is now slated for completion by December 2015, which would be about a decade from its 2005 project approval to fielding. Israel will be ahead of that schedule, as they began steps to field Barak-8 in their navy by mid-2013.
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The Barak, and Barak-8
Barak Components
(click to view full)
Barak is a supersonic, vertically-launched short range air defense system, with an operational range of about 10 km/ 6 miles. That pushes it past the standard ranges of shoulder-launched options with naval counterparts, like the MBDA Mistral/SIMBAD or Saab Boofors' RBS-70, but short of other small vertical launch options like the RIM-162 Evolved Sea Sparrow. Its closest western competitors on the international market are probably Raytheon's horizontally-fired Amero-German RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missile, and MBDA's flexible Crotale VT-1/NG. Key attributes include a compact 8-cell vertical launching system that weighs just 1,700 kg, coupled with an equally compact 1,300 kg fire control system. This makes it easier to install in small ships, and to retrofit into older vessels.
Barak-1 reportedly in service with at Israel, Chile, India, Singapore, and Venezuela .
India bought over $300 million worth of these missiles as a substitute for the indigenous but long-delayed Trishul ("Trident") missile project, and Barak systems now equip India's lone aircraft carrier INS Viraat, all 6 Project 16/16A Godavari/ Brahmaputra Class 3,850t frigates, 2 of 6 Rajput Class 4,974t destroyers, and the 3 new 6,200t Shivalik Class frigates. Current missile stocks aren't adequate to cover that, and readiness requires regular training launches against live targets. Barak-1 missiles are also supposed to be part of upgrades to India's 3 Delhi Class 6,200t destroyers, in order to remove the hole created by the Russian SA-N-7C 'Gollum' air defense missile system's limited firing arc.
Barak-1 missiles are also supposed to be part of upgrades to India's 3 Delhi Class 6,200t destroyers, in order to fix the SA-N-7C 'Gollum' air defense missile's limited firing arc. The missile's fast response time, effectiveness against missile threats, and compact size are considerable assets, but they are currently offset somewhat by its short range.
Barak 8 display
(click to view full)
The Navy's Barak-NG/ LR-SAM project aimed to give India's naval defenses a much longer reach, with the intention of eventually making it India's primary naval SAM. The project was later renamed Barak 8. According to Defense News, the project features funding from American military aid dollars, as well as Indian cooperation and private/governmental funding in Israel. An Israeli source, on the other hand, has told DID that the USA has no claim on the Barak-8"²s intellectual property. DID has been unable to verify he exact situation; but if the USA has no IP or significant American-made components in the Barak AMD system, it would have implications for both procurement funding sources and export policy.
The Barak 8 missile reportedly extends its range to 60-70 km/ up to 42 miles, thanks to a dual-pulse solid rocket motor whose second "pulse" fires as the missile approaches its target. This ensures that the missile isn't just coasting in the final stages, giving it more than one chance at a fast, maneuvering target.
The missile's most important feature may be its active seeker. Instead of forcing its ship or land-based radar to "paint"/illuminate its target at all times, the Barak 8 can be left alone once it is close to its target. This is an excellent approach for dealing with saturation attacks using older ship radars, which can track many targets but illuminate just a few. It's also very useful for land-based systems, which will survive longer against enemy anti-radar missiles (ARMs) if they can turn themselves on and off to confuse enemy seekers, without worrying that they will lose all of their effectiveness.
That kind of performance vaults the Barak 8 past widespread options like the RIM-162 ESSM, or entries like VL-MICA on land. Though the Barak-8 may compete globally with those systems, a better comparison would be naval missiles like Raytheon's SM-2 Block IIIA and MBDA's Aster-15, or land-based options like the Patriot. The Barak 8"²s active seeker would even give it a performance advantage over the SM-2, and corresponds more closely to the SM-6 currently in development. One wild card is the Barak's potential use in a point defense role against ballistic missiles, a role that can be played by some of its more advanced competitors on land or sea. This capability is implied in the land-based system's name, but has not been discussed publicly or validated in publicly announced tests.
The naval Barak-8 reportedly maintains its principle of using compact launchers and systems. Reports regarding its range vary from 70-120 km. Its ancillary capabilities will always depend on the radar and combat system aboard its ship.
The land-based Barak 8 Air and Missile Defense (AMD) system includes several components:
RAFAEL supplies the Barak-8 interceptor missile, which remains vertically launched.
The battle management, command, control, communication and intelligence center (BMC4I) is produced by the MBT Division of IAI's Missiles, Systems, and Space Group; it offers both stand alone operation for a single fire unit, and joint task force coordination (JTC).
IAI ELTA Systems Ltd. supplies the Land-Based Multi-Function Surveillance, Track & Guidance Radar (LB-MF-STAR), a rotating S-band digital Active Electronic Steering Array (AESA) Radar System that can deliver an accurate, high quality arena situation picture, and extract low radar cross section targets like stealthy cruise missiles, even in the toughest environmental conditions. The naval MF-STAR is expected to be part of Israel's next-generation missile frigates.
In Israel, the Barak-8 is slated to equip its next-generation frigates, and may find its way to other roles. India expects to field the missiles on land and sea. Beyond those 2 countries, export prospects beckon for a missile that may offer a value-priced naval alternative to Raytheon's Standard-2 and MBDA's Aster-15.
Barak Components
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Barak is a supersonic, vertically-launched short range air defense system, with an operational range of about 10 km/ 6 miles. That pushes it past the standard ranges of shoulder-launched options with naval counterparts, like the MBDA Mistral/SIMBAD or Saab Boofors' RBS-70, but short of other small vertical launch options like the RIM-162 Evolved Sea Sparrow. Its closest western competitors on the international market are probably Raytheon's horizontally-fired Amero-German RIM-116 Rolling Airframe Missile, and MBDA's flexible Crotale VT-1/NG. Key attributes include a compact 8-cell vertical launching system that weighs just 1,700 kg, coupled with an equally compact 1,300 kg fire control system. This makes it easier to install in small ships, and to retrofit into older vessels.
Barak-1 reportedly in service with at Israel, Chile, India, Singapore, and Venezuela .
India bought over $300 million worth of these missiles as a substitute for the indigenous but long-delayed Trishul ("Trident") missile project, and Barak systems now equip India's lone aircraft carrier INS Viraat, all 6 Project 16/16A Godavari/ Brahmaputra Class 3,850t frigates, 2 of 6 Rajput Class 4,974t destroyers, and the 3 new 6,200t Shivalik Class frigates. Current missile stocks aren't adequate to cover that, and readiness requires regular training launches against live targets. Barak-1 missiles are also supposed to be part of upgrades to India's 3 Delhi Class 6,200t destroyers, in order to remove the hole created by the Russian SA-N-7C 'Gollum' air defense missile system's limited firing arc.
Barak-1 missiles are also supposed to be part of upgrades to India's 3 Delhi Class 6,200t destroyers, in order to fix the SA-N-7C 'Gollum' air defense missile's limited firing arc. The missile's fast response time, effectiveness against missile threats, and compact size are considerable assets, but they are currently offset somewhat by its short range.
Barak 8 display
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The Navy's Barak-NG/ LR-SAM project aimed to give India's naval defenses a much longer reach, with the intention of eventually making it India's primary naval SAM. The project was later renamed Barak 8. According to Defense News, the project features funding from American military aid dollars, as well as Indian cooperation and private/governmental funding in Israel. An Israeli source, on the other hand, has told DID that the USA has no claim on the Barak-8"²s intellectual property. DID has been unable to verify he exact situation; but if the USA has no IP or significant American-made components in the Barak AMD system, it would have implications for both procurement funding sources and export policy.
The Barak 8 missile reportedly extends its range to 60-70 km/ up to 42 miles, thanks to a dual-pulse solid rocket motor whose second "pulse" fires as the missile approaches its target. This ensures that the missile isn't just coasting in the final stages, giving it more than one chance at a fast, maneuvering target.
The missile's most important feature may be its active seeker. Instead of forcing its ship or land-based radar to "paint"/illuminate its target at all times, the Barak 8 can be left alone once it is close to its target. This is an excellent approach for dealing with saturation attacks using older ship radars, which can track many targets but illuminate just a few. It's also very useful for land-based systems, which will survive longer against enemy anti-radar missiles (ARMs) if they can turn themselves on and off to confuse enemy seekers, without worrying that they will lose all of their effectiveness.
That kind of performance vaults the Barak 8 past widespread options like the RIM-162 ESSM, or entries like VL-MICA on land. Though the Barak-8 may compete globally with those systems, a better comparison would be naval missiles like Raytheon's SM-2 Block IIIA and MBDA's Aster-15, or land-based options like the Patriot. The Barak 8"²s active seeker would even give it a performance advantage over the SM-2, and corresponds more closely to the SM-6 currently in development. One wild card is the Barak's potential use in a point defense role against ballistic missiles, a role that can be played by some of its more advanced competitors on land or sea. This capability is implied in the land-based system's name, but has not been discussed publicly or validated in publicly announced tests.
The naval Barak-8 reportedly maintains its principle of using compact launchers and systems. Reports regarding its range vary from 70-120 km. Its ancillary capabilities will always depend on the radar and combat system aboard its ship.
The land-based Barak 8 Air and Missile Defense (AMD) system includes several components:
RAFAEL supplies the Barak-8 interceptor missile, which remains vertically launched.
The battle management, command, control, communication and intelligence center (BMC4I) is produced by the MBT Division of IAI's Missiles, Systems, and Space Group; it offers both stand alone operation for a single fire unit, and joint task force coordination (JTC).
IAI ELTA Systems Ltd. supplies the Land-Based Multi-Function Surveillance, Track & Guidance Radar (LB-MF-STAR), a rotating S-band digital Active Electronic Steering Array (AESA) Radar System that can deliver an accurate, high quality arena situation picture, and extract low radar cross section targets like stealthy cruise missiles, even in the toughest environmental conditions. The naval MF-STAR is expected to be part of Israel's next-generation missile frigates.
In Israel, the Barak-8 is slated to equip its next-generation frigates, and may find its way to other roles. India expects to field the missiles on land and sea. Beyond those 2 countries, export prospects beckon for a missile that may offer a value-priced naval alternative to Raytheon's Standard-2 and MBDA's Aster-15.
