K-4 Missile

[warrior monk]

What is the status of India's Kilo Ampere Linear Injector project? I think it is meant for precisely that purpose.

Who said so ??

KALI is a Virtual Cathode Oscillator which can be used for High Power Electromagnetic Pulse generation technique .
It is created to be used as a generator for flash X-rays which allow for an ultra-fast motion picture to be constructed showing the details of the implosion of the pit and its behavior under hydro dynamic condition.
KALI in 2001 generated 1 MeV electron energy, 50-100 ns pulse time and by now they would have increased the electron energy and reduced the pulse time to few nano seconds . It is created for sequential radiography in dual-axis, multi frame hydrodynamic test of the imploding plutonium pit .

 

[warrior monk]

What is the status of India's Kilo Ampere Linear Injector project? I think it is meant for precisely that purpose.

Who said so ??

KALI is a Virtual Cathode Oscillator which can be used for High Power Electromagnetic Pulse generation technique .
It is created to be used as a generator for flash X-rays which allow for an ultra-fast motion picture to be constructed showing the details of the implosion of the pit and its behavior under hydro dynamic condition.
KALI in 2001 generated 1 MeV electron energy, 50-100 ns pulse time and by now they would have increased the electron energy and reduced the pulse time to few nano seconds . It is created for sequential radiography in dual-axis, multi frame hydrodynamic test of the imploding plutonium pit .


Sorry for the double post.......

 

[LETHALFORCE]

I would not be surprised if k-5 was being tested and being labeled as a k-4 test.

 

[warrior monk]

But in the case of K15 vs K4, K15 team already got their mature engine, all they need to is focusing on the under-water launch tech while K4 would have to wait the engine mature first before they can do anything.

I think K-15 was first tested in 2008 though can't confirm whether it was underwater pontoon or not but I think it was
http://www.ibnlive.com/videos/full/india/k-15-test-fired-us-missile-test-283836.html
It has been part tested 5 times before 2008 like powerful gas generator systems must be activated to eject each missile from the vertical tube , firing of the rocket motor as it clears the ocean surface , testing the shroud etc

K4 is the derivative of Agni 3 SL version as Agni 3 is primed for carrying a larger payload than Agni 2 and Agni 2 prime (also known as Agni 4 ) .

Courtesy - Arun S Vishwakarma

Agni 3 initial weight was 45 + tonnes but by using graphite epoxy resin blended composite motor in all the stages instead of steel weight can be reduced by more than 65 % and fuel mass fraction versus weight can be increased allowing higher payloads

Variation of tensile modulus of Indian graphite epoxy resin composites.

Variation of flexural strength with varying
amount of graphite filler of epoxy graphite composite

Courtesy Subita Bhagat , Pardeep Kumar Verma




Missile mass fraction vs weight

As you can see using all stage composite can reduce the weight of the missile at same strength . Agni 3 has reduced its weight from 45 + tonnes to 22 tonnes . K-4 probably uses all stage composite motor

 

[sasum]

Who said so ??

KALI is a Virtual Cathode Oscillator which can be used for High Power Electromagnetic Pulse generation technique .
It is created to be used as a generator for flash X-rays which allow for an ultra-fast motion picture to be constructed showing the details of the implosion of the pit and its behavior under hydro dynamic condition.
KALI in 2001 generated 1 MeV electron energy, 50-100 ns pulse time and by now they would have increased the electron energy and reduced the pulse time to few nano seconds . It is created for sequential radiography in dual-axis, multi frame hydrodynamic test of the imploding plutonium pit .

IndiaTv News

New Delhi: KALI-5000 is India’s answer to any uninvited incoming missiles and planes. Moreover, the beam can also be used to cripple the enemy satellite and UAVs in no time.
KALI stands for Kilo Ampere Linear Injector. It is a linear electron accelerator being developed by the Defence Research Development Organization (DRDO) and the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC).
Earlier the Kali system was developed for industrial applications and that the defence use was a recent spinoff.
The machine essentially generated pulses of highly energetic electrons. Other components in the machine down the line converted the electrons into flash x-rays (for ultra high-speed photography) or microwaves.
The electron beam itself can be used for welding.

The KALI project was first mooted in 1985 by the then Director of the BARC, Dr. R. Chidambaram. Work on the Project began in 1989, being developed by the Accelerators & Pulse Power Division of the BARC.
The project was designed to produce electron pulses of about 100 ns with an energy of about 1 MeV, current 40 kA and a power of 40 GW. This Relativistic Electron Beams (REB) thus generated will be used for the generation of High Power Microwaves (HPM) & Flash X Rays (FXR).
This has fueled hopes that the KALI could, one day be used in a High-Power Microwave gun, which could destroy incoming missiles and aircraft through soft-kill (destroying the electronic circuitry on the missile).
The KALI’s potential for a military role as a beam weapon has made it, in the eyes of China a threat. The KALI-5000 was commissioned for use in late 2004.

However, weaponisation of the KALI will take some time. The system is still under development, and efforts are being made to make it more compact, as well as improve its recharge time, which, at the present, makes it only a single use system.

 

[Yumdoot]

Kali-5000 has been dismantled in favour of a smaller set up for R&D. Dismantling may have something to do with 123 agreement.

 

[warrior monk]

IndiaTv News

New Delhi: KALI-5000 is India’s answer to any uninvited incoming missiles and planes. Moreover, the beam can also be used to cripple the enemy satellite and UAVs in no time.
KALI stands for Kilo Ampere Linear Injector. It is a linear electron accelerator being developed by the Defence Research Development Organization (DRDO) and the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC).
Earlier the Kali system was developed for industrial applications and that the defence use was a recent spinoff.
The machine essentially generated pulses of highly energetic electrons. Other components in the machine down the line converted the electrons into flash x-rays (for ultra high-speed photography) or microwaves.
The electron beam itself can be used for welding.

The KALI project was first mooted in 1985 by the then Director of the BARC, Dr. R. Chidambaram. Work on the Project began in 1989, being developed by the Accelerators & Pulse Power Division of the BARC.
The project was designed to produce electron pulses of about 100 ns with an energy of about 1 MeV, current 40 kA and a power of 40 GW. This Relativistic Electron Beams (REB) thus generated will be used for the generation of High Power Microwaves (HPM) & Flash X Rays (FXR).
This has fueled hopes that the KALI could, one day be used in a High-Power Microwave gun, which could destroy incoming missiles and aircraft through soft-kill (destroying the electronic circuitry on the missile).
The KALI’s potential for a military role as a beam weapon has made it, in the eyes of China a threat. The KALI-5000 was commissioned for use in late 2004.

However, weaponisation of the KALI will take some time. The system is still under development, and efforts are being made to make it more compact, as well as improve its recharge time, which, at the present, makes it only a single use system.

Typical DDM whoever wrote this doesn't understand high energy physics

The simulated frequency spectrum of KALI-1000.

A typical phase-space plot in KALI-1000.


Courtesy-
D. Biswas, R. Kumar and R.R. Puri, Phys. Plasmas 10 (2003) 4521.
R.Kumar, R.R. Puri and D Biswas, Phys. Plasmas, 11 (2004) 324
R.R. Puri, D.Biswas and R.Kumar Phys. Plasmas, 11 (2004) 1178

 

[warrior monk]

Kali-5000 has been dismantled in favour of a smaller set up for R&D. Dismantling may have something to do with 123 agreement.

No , KALI-5000 has been inducted .

BARC has been developing two types of accelerator in this category, namely single and repetitive shot types. Kali 200, Kali 1000 and Kali 5000 belong to the single shot and the Linear Induction Accelerator (LIA) to the repetitive type. Kali 200 has beenhanded over to DRDO, MTRDC Bengaluru. Kali 5000 has been commissioned and is in use at a microwaves power level of about 2 gigawatt.

Courtesy- India 2016

 

[Superdefender]

They are planning to install KALI in future Destroyers.

 

[warrior monk]

They are planning to install KALI in future Destroyers.

Unless those future imaginary destroyers are going to remain in our stockpile stewardship labs then no.

 

[Superdefender]

Unless those future imaginary destroyers are going to remain in our stockpile stewardship labs then no.

Why do you think it is not possible?

 

[Yumdoot]

Kali-5000 was inducted around 2004 but has since been dismantled to have some of its hardware re-used for Kali-30GW. BARC is outside 123 regime so they can make anything they want. DRDO is inside 123 restrictions. DRDO needed Kali-5000 set up for electronics hardening (a subset of the total capability) so DRDO took over the hardware and modified it to a lower powered version, suitable for their needs. Wiki even states that it was helpful in LCA skin designs.

The papers saying some of the above in the context of Kali-30GW appeared around 2013 and by 2015 even the new NDA-2 govt. was tight lipped about the fate of Kali-5000.

You can link up the timelines to get the true and fair view.

You will have to search for the paper "First results of KALI-30 GW with 1 MV flash Xrays generation and characterization by Imaging plate"

Here is the link : https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263775289

For Kali-5000 and Kali-30GW the same picture is also shown by BARC etc.

 

[delta]

Deleted by self. Akkad bakkad bambe bo. Filling up 30 chars now. I think this should do

 

[warrior monk]

Kali-5000 was inducted around 2004 but has since been dismantled to have some of its hardware re-used for Kali-30GW. BARC is outside 123 regime so they can make anything they want. DRDO is inside 123 restrictions. DRDO needed Kali-5000 set up for electronics hardening (a subset of the total capability) so DRDO took over the hardware and modified it to a lower powered version, suitable for their needs. Wiki even states that it was helpful in LCA skin designs.

The papers saying some of the above in the context of Kali-30GW appeared around 2013 and by 2015 even the new NDA-2 govt. was tight lipped about the fate of Kali-5000.

You can link up the timelines to get the true and fair view.

You will have to search for the paper "First results of KALI-30 GW with 1 MV flash Xrays generation and characterization by Imaging plate"

Here is the link : https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263775289

For Kali-5000 and Kali-30GW the same picture is also shown by BARC etc.

From the looks of it KALI-30 GW uses repetitive MARX system using magnetic switches while KALI-5000 uses spark gap switches . So Kali-30 Gw is an upgrade of KALI-5000.
Flash radiography will be used in stockpile stewardship program which will be done by BARC not by DRDO .
How does 123 agreement affect DRDO ??

 

[warrior monk]

Why do you think it is not possible?

This is the most important job of KALI system . It will be used for non-destructive testing of systems.

I quote the research paper

" Intense power MW-GW pulsed power electron accelerators have a wide range of applications in
the field of thermonuclear fusion, inertial confinement, laser pumping, high power microwave generation
and transient Flash X-rays radiography etc "

does it include make belief shooting down of of ICBMs ??

 

[Superdefender]

View attachment 8014

This is the most important job of KALI system . It will be used for non-destructive testing of systems.

I quote the research paper

" Intense power MW-GW pulsed power electron accelerators have a wide range of applications in
the field of thermonuclear fusion, inertial confinement, laser pumping, high power microwave generation
and transient Flash X-rays radiography etc "

does it include make belief shooting down of of ICBMs ??

I could not quite understand what you mentioned. I am not saying it is an offence weapon, but a defence weapon. Are you telling that it is not even for defence?

 

[Chinmoy]

View attachment 8014

This is the most important job of KALI system . It will be used for non-destructive testing of systems.

I quote the research paper

" Intense power MW-GW pulsed power electron accelerators have a wide range of applications in
the field of thermonuclear fusion, inertial confinement, laser pumping, high power microwave generation
and transient Flash X-rays radiography etc "

does it include make belief shooting down of of ICBMs ??

Discussing KALI and DURGA system here is off topic. But one should be aware that these are not weapon system as reported by many fan boys. Instead they are testing systems just like @warrior monk explained. KALI is used extensively to test satellite systems along with its usage in HWP.

 

[no smoking]

I think K-15 was first tested in 2008 though can't confirm whether it was underwater pontoon or not but I think it was
http://www.ibnlive.com/videos/full/india/k-15-test-fired-us-missile-test-283836.html
It has been part tested 5 times ..... Agni 3 has reduced its weight from 45 + tonnes to 22 tonnes . K-4 probably uses all stage composite motor

I didn't argue if India can or cannot develop K4 on her own.
I just simply say there was no way K4 can be tested before Aug 2010.
As you said the rocket tech of K4 comes from Agni-3 which was only finalised in Aug 2010. In other words, the K4 team couldn't receive the parameters of the missile, how can they design the underwater launch equipment. So,

So my guess is:
After Aug 2010, the K4 team started their work when Agni-3 was finalised. But at the same time, they were still waiting for the K15 team to build up the primitive techs of underwater launch system. At this stage, they were just doing some lab research after all eject a 20 tone missile out of water is quite harder than a 7 tones missile. As soon as the K15 team satisfied their design, K4 team started their real project to combine 2 systems together. So, it is reasonable to believe that K4's first test should be around 2015.

 

[AnantS]

So my guess is:
After Aug 2010, the K4 team started their work when Agni-3 was finalised. But at the same time, they were still waiting for the K15 team to build up the primitive techs of underwater launch system. At this stage, they were just doing some lab research after all eject a 20 tone missile out of water is quite harder than a 7 tones missile. As soon as the K15 team satisfied their design, K4 team started their real project to combine 2 systems together. So, it is reasonable to believe that K4's first test should be around 2015.

Your guess is wrong! As I said earlier, underwater tube for K-15 and K-4 had been developed by then. in 2010, Booster for K-4 was tested in underwater pontoon. All in all indication that K-4 was very much WIP at that time.

 

[sasum]

Typical DDM whoever wrote this doesn't understand high energy physics


View attachment 8011
The simulated frequency spectrum of KALI-1000.


View attachment 8012
A typical phase-space plot in KALI-1000.


Courtesy-
D. Biswas, R. Kumar and R.R. Puri, Phys. Plasmas 10 (2003) 4521.
R.Kumar, R.R. Puri and D Biswas, Phys. Plasmas, 11 (2004) 324
R.R. Puri, D.Biswas and R.Kumar Phys. Plasmas, 11 (2004) 1178

Russia is developing a secret 'MICROWAVE GUN' that can shoot a drone out of the sky from six miles away, claims military official
By Jonathan O'Callaghan for MailOnline14:55 16 Jun 2015, updated 08:30 17 Jun 2015

• Russia’s United Instrument Manufacturing Corporation is developing it
• The gun supposedly disables the radio of drones and missiles
• It has a range of 6 miles (10km) but few other specifications were given

A Russian military official has claimed that they have developed a ‘microwave gun’.

The high-frequency weapon can supposedly disable an unmanned drone and even a missile from up to six miles (10km) away.

The weapon apparently deactivates the radios of UAVs and warheads, causing them to lose control.

Russia’s United Instrument Manufacturing Corporation is developing the weapon. The gun supposedly disables the radio of drones (stock image of an MQ-9 Reaper shown) and missiles. It has a range of 6 miles (10km) but no other specifications were given
Designed for the surface-to-air BUK missile system, the gun was developed by Russia’s United Instrument Manufacturing Corporation (UIMC).

Aside from the six-mile (10km) range, the gun can also apparently operate in a ‘defense perimeter’ of 360 degrees.
It would be used on missile systems on the ground, to target unmanned planes in the air.

By directing high-frequency microwaves towards a target, it is theoretically possibly to destroy unprotected electronics.

The gun would use a 'reflector antenna' to focus the microwaves created by a generator.

An unknown 'transmission system' would fire the beams towards their target.

‘The new system is equipped with a high-power relativistic generator and reflector antenna, management and control system, and a transmission system which is fixed on the chassis of BUK surface-to-air missile systems,’