Ok, what are those more efficient industries and services? What make them more efficient?
Technology? These high-end industries only represent a tiny fraction of economy. And they are also facing increasing competition from emerging economies. The pace of efficiency improvement in these economies is much faster than developed world. After all, catching up is easier than pioneering.
It's usually invincible unlike the "losses" taken in the imports industry .
Anyway to understand economics , you should look at it from a realistic view point without including these things like currencies and such. Focusing on unimportant statistics to miss the big picture will lead to too clever by half conclusions.
What is trade? Exchange of goods between two parties(or more ) on a mutually beneficial gain. A and B are two peopl(countries) trading with each other . both will only trade if both have to gain from it. So lets say A trades its product "a" , for B's product "b". Both are happy. But they find that trading " a" and "b" directly is combersome as they can't always carry the big products "a" and "b" . so they decide to use "I owe u" papers for trading. A trades with B for its "b" using its own "I owe you papers". Now this is nothing more than currency of A. Then B trades with A for " a" using the "I owe you" A had given already for buying "b", .ie B is using the currency of A to buy A's goods " a". The same will be the case with "I owe you" issued by Country B ( Currency of B ) too being used by B for buying A's "a".
Note that both the "I owe yous " are worthless so long as the countries with "I owe yous" don't cash it in as products.
Let's say B tries to be smart and starts selling lot of "b" for "I owe u"s(or currency of A) from A without buying " a" (or anything for that matter) from A. So B will start accumulating a lot of "I owe u"(currency of A) from A and A will accumulate the debts from B. So, so long as B does not use the currency of A(or I owe u from A" to buy from A, all B has is only pieces of worthless " I owe u" of A (or currency of A).the only way for B to get back the products worth its trade is by using the "I owe u" of A(currency of A) to buy from A. But if it does, then A won't be in debt anymore as it would have payed back its debt with its oown products "a"
Now if you are smart, you won't need to substitute USA for A , dollars for currency of A(or I owe u from A), "a" for USA exports, B for China, "b" for Chinese exports, and yuan for currency of B(or I owe u from B) to understand the obvious parallels
@Sakal Gharelu Ustad was my example correct?