India-interesting facts

RPK

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Maharashtra
Institute of Chemical Technology (Deemed University), Mumbai
Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere
Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad
Dnyaneshwar Vidyapeeth,Pune
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay(Autonomous), Mumbai
Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University: Nagpur University, Nagpur
North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon
Shivaji University, Kolhapur
Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Women's University, Mumbai
Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded
University of Mumbai, Mumbai
University of Pune, Pune
Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University, Nasik
NMIMS University, Mumbai
Symbiosis International University, Pune
Sant Gadgebaba Amravati University: Amravati University, Amravati
Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur
Marathwada agriculture University, Parbhani
Panjabrao deshmukh agriculture University, Akola
Mahatma Phule Agriculture University, Rahuri
Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur[2]
Konkan Agriculture University, Dapoli
Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai
International Institute of Population Science, Mumbai
Tilak Maharastra vidyapeeth, Pune
Solapur University, Solapur
National Institute of Management, Mumbai
Pravara Rural University, Pravaranagar
National Institute of fashion Technology, Mumbai
Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Nashik
Kavikulaguru Kalidas sanskrit University, Ramtek
Bharti VidyaPeeth University,Pune

Manipur
Central Agricultural University,Imphal
Manipur University, Imphal

Meghalaya
North Eastern Hill University, Shillong

Mizoram
Mizoram University

Nagaland
The Global University Nagaland

Orissa
Berhampur University,Berhampur
Biju Patnaik University of Technology,Rourkela
Fakir Mohan University, Balasore
Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar
International Institute of Information Technology, Bhubaneswar
KIIT University, Bhubaneswar
National Institute of Technology, Rourkela
National Law University-Orissa, Cuttack
North Orissa University, Baripada
Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology,Bhubaneswar
Ravenshaw University, Cuttack
Sambalpur University, Sambalpur
Siksha O Anusandhan University, BhubaneswarDeemed University
Utkal University, Bhubaneswar
Utkal University of Culture, Bhubaneswar
Vedanta University, Puri-Konark(Proposed)
Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, BurlaDeemed University
Shri Jagannath Sanskrit University, Puri

Pondicherry
Pondicherry University, Pondicherry
Saradha UniversityKariakkal

Punjab
B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot
Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar
Lovely Professional University,Jalandhar
Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Panjab University, Chandigarh
Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar
Punjabi University, Patiala
Thapar University, Patiala
PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh
IIT, Ropar

Rajasthan
NIIT University, Neemrana
AMITY University Rajasthan, Jaipur
The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jaipur
Singhania University, Pacheri Bari, Rajastan
Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati University, Ajmer
Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Rajastan
Suresh Gyanvihar University, Jaipur
University of Rajasthan, Jaipur
Jaipur National University, Jaipur
IASE University, Sardarshahr
Jai Narain Vyas University: University of Jodhpur, Jodhpur
Rajasthan Vidyapeeth University, Udaipur
Jodhpur National University, Jodhpur
Mohanlal Sukhadia University: University of Udaipur, Udaipur
Maharana Pratap University of Agricultural & Technology (MPUAT), Udaipur,
Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner
University of Bikaner, Bikaner
National Law University, Jodhpur, Jodhpur
Rajasthan Technical University, Kota
Sir Padampat Singhania University, Udaipur
Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University, Kota
Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur
Rajasthan Ayurved University, Jodhpur
Rajasthan Sanskrit University,Jaipur

Tamil Nadu
Alagappa University, Karaikudi{State University}
Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore{Private Deemed University}
Anna University, Chennai{State University}
Anna University, Coimbatore{State University}
Anna University, Tiruchirappalli{State University}
Anna University, Tirunelveli{State University}
Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar{State University}
Avinashilingam University, Coimbatore{Private Deemed University}
Bharat University, Chennai{Private Deemed University}
Bharathiar University, Coimbatore{State University}
Bharathidasan University,Tiruchirappalli{state University}
B.S. Abdur Rahman University,chennai{Private Deemed University}
Chennai Mathematical Institute, Siruseri
Dr. M. G. R. Educational and Research University, Chennai{Private Deemed University}
Gandhigram Rural Institute, Dindigul{Central Government University}
Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai{Government University}
Kalasalingam University, Krishnankovil{Private Deemed University}
Karunya University, Coimbatore{Private Deemed University}
Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai{State University}
Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli{State University}
Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal{State University}
National Institute of Technology, Thiruchirapalli{State University}
Noorul Islam University , Thuckalay, Nagercoil {Private Deemed University}
Periyar University, Salem{State University}
Periyar Maniammai University, Vallam, Thanjavur{Government University}{Private Deemed University}
Sathyabama University, Chennai{Private Deemed University}
SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudiram, Thanjavur{Private Deemed University}
Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai{Private Deemed University}
SRM University, Kanchipuram{Private Deemed University}
Tamil University, Thanjavur{State University}
TamilNadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore{State University}
TamilNadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University, Chennai{State University}
TamilNadu Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, Chennai{State University}
TamilNadu Open University, Chennai{Government University}
TamilNadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai{Government University}
Tamilnadu Teachers Education University, Chennai{State University}
Tamil Nadu Physical Education and Sports University, Chennai {State University}
Tamil Virtual University, Chennai {State Online University}
Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai
Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore{State University}
University of Madras, Chennai{State University}
Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation, Deemed University, Salem{Private Deemed University}
Vels University,Pallavaram,Chennai{Private Deemed University}
Vel-Tech University, Avandi { Private Deemed University}
VIT University, Vellore{Private Deemed University}
[[Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi
Viswa Mahavidyalaya]], Kanchipuram


Tripura
National Institute of Technology, Agartala
Tripura University, Tripura
ICFAI University , Tripura

Uttar Pradesh
Amity University, Noida
[maorama university], Mathura
[prince jain university]agra
Allahabad University, Allahabad
Allahabad Agricultural Institute, Deemed University, Allahabad
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
University of Lucknow, Lucknow
Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow
Bundelkhand University, Jhansi
Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur
Chhatrapati Sahu Ji Maharaj University: Kanpur University, Kanpur
Chaudhary Charan Singh University: Meerut University, Meerut
Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University) Dayalbagh, Agra
Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar University: Agra University, Agra
Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Faizabad
Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia National Law University, Lucknow
Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur
Indian Institute of Information Technology,Allahabad
Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology,Allahabad
srm university n.c.r campus,modinagar
Indian Institute of Management Lucknow, Lucknow
Integral University, Lucknow
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur
Jaypee Institute of Information Technology University, Noida
Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly
M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly
Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapeeth
Purvanchal University, Jaunpur
Uttar Pradesh Rajarshi Tandon Open University, Allahabad
Sampurnanand Sanskrit University, Varanasi
Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow
Shobhit University, Meerut
Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut
Nehru Gram Bharti Vishwavidyalaya, Dubawal, Allahabad
Pathak UniversitySathini, Aligarh, bareh wala campus.
Hindi Sahitya Sammelan Vishwavidyalaya, Allahabad
Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya, Daraganj, Allahabad

Uttarakhand
Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar
Graphic Era University, DehradunUniversity at uttarakhand
Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar
Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Garhwal
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee
Kumaun University, Nainital
ICFAI University , Dehradun
University of Petroleum & Energy studies, Dehradun
Uttarakhand Technical University, Dehradun
Saradha University,Garhwal
Uttaranchal Sanskrit University,Haridwar
Himgiri Nabh Vishwavidyalya,Dehradun

West Bengal
Aliah University
Bengal Engineering & Science University, Howrah
Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswa Vidyalaya, Haringhata, Nadia
Gour Banga University, Malda
Indian Institute of Management, Kolkata
Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, Medinipur
Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata
Jadavpur University, Kolkata
National Institute of Fashion Technology, Kolkata
National Institute of Technology, Durgapur
Netaji Subhas Open University, Kolkata
Rabindra Bharati University, Kolkata
Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University, Belur, West Bengal
Senate of Serampore College (University), Serampore, Hooghly District
University of Burdwan, Bardhaman
University of Calcutta, Kolkata
University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia
University of North Bengal, Siliguri
Uttar Banga Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Cooch Behar
Vidyasagar University, Medinipur
Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan
West Bengal State University, Barasat
The West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences, Kolkata
West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata
West Bengal University of Health Sciences, Kolkata
West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata
 

RPK

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Firsts in India

Architecture
First Islamic Mausoleum (tomb) in India: Sultan Ghari, built in 1231 CE for Prince Nasir ud din Mahmud, eldest son of Iltumish.
First true dome, Alai Darwaza, Qutb complex, Delhi, built in 1311 CE, by first Khilji Sultan of Delhi, Ala-ud-din Khilji.
First garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent, also the first with Persian double-dome: Humayun's Tomb, Delhi, built 1562-1571 CE.

Awards and Titles
Miss World: Rita Faria in 1966
Miss Universe: Sushmita Sen in 1994
Booker Prize: Salman Rushdie for Midnight's Children in 1981
Bharat Ratna: Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, C. Rajagopalachari, and Dr C.V. Raman in 1954
Chevalier: Sivaji Ganesan
Dadasaheb Phalke Award: Devika Rani in 1969
Ashoka Chakra Award to a civilian : D.K. Jatar (posthumous) and M.C Dixit, captain and co-captain respectively, of the sabotaged plane Kashmir Princess, for "most conspicuous bravery, daring and self-sacrifice"
Magsaysay Award: Vinoba Bhave, 1958
Winner of a major literary award in the United States: Dhan Gopal Mukerji
Ford Supermodel of the World (contest): Bipasha Basu, 1996

Nobel Prize
Nobel Prize winner: Rabindranath Tagore for the Nobel Prize in Literature, 1913. He was also the first Asian to get the prize.
Nobel Prize in Physics: C. V. Raman in 1930.
Nobel Prize in Medicine: Har Gobind Khorana in 1968. (India born US citizen)
Nobel Peace Prize: Mother Teresa in 1979 (Albania born Indian citizen)
Nobel Prize in Economics: Amartya Sen in 1998

Defence
Commander-in-Chief of Free India: General Sir Roy Bucher
Indian Commander-in-Chief of Free India: General Kodandera Madappa Cariappa, 1949
Chief of Air Staff: Air Marshal Sir Thomas Elmhirst
Indian Chief of Staff: General Kodandera Madappa Cariappa, 1947
Commander-in-Chief, IAF: Air Marshal Subroto Mukerjee, 1954
Chief of Naval Staff: Vice Admiral R D Katari
Cosmonaut: Sqn Ldr Rakesh Sharma, 1984
Field Marshal: Sam Manekshaw, 1973.
 

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Exploration
Person to reach the South Pole: Col Jatinder Kumar Bajaj
Woman to scale Mount Everest: Bachendri Pal on May 23, 1984. She was the 5th woman in the world to scale the peak.

Film and TV
Sound film: Alam Ara, 1931
Oscar winner: Bhanu Athaiya for Best Costume Design for Gandhi (film) in 1982
Oscar nomination for Best Foreign Language Film: Mother India in 1957
first Indian music director who got two oscar-Mr. A. R. Rahman in 2009.
National Film Award for cinema: Shyamchi Aai in 1954
Colorized film: Mughal-e-Azam in 2004 (the original black-and-white version was released in 1960)
Sponsored TV serial: Hum Log, started on July 7, 1984, was also the first soap opera of India, ran for 156 episodes
Actor to enact 10 roles: Kamal Haasan
3D film: My Dear Kuttichathan, a Malayalam film, produced in 1984, dubbed in Hindi as Chhota Chetan.
70 mm film: Padayottam, a Malayalam film, produced in 1982
Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (officer of the order of arts and letters): Shahrukh Khan in 2007
Hindi film to be screened at the United Nations: Lage Raho Munna Bhai on 10 November 2006

Governance
President: Rajendra Prasad (1950-1962)
Vice-President: S. Radhakrishnan
Prime Minister: Jawaharlal Nehru (1947-1964). The first term lasted till 1952 after which he was re-elected
Deputy Prime Minister: Vallabhbhai Patel (1947-1950)
Prime Minister to be voted out of office: Indira Gandhi (1977) when the Indian National Congress lost to the Janata Party
Non-Congress government: by Janata Party with Morarji Desai as the Prime Minister (1977-1980)
Prime Minister to lead a minority government for a full term (five years): P. V. Narasimha Rao, June 21, 1991 – May 16, 1996
Person outside the Nehru-Gandhi family to serve as Prime Minister for a full term (five years): P. V. Narasimha Rao, June 21, 1991 – May 16, 1996
Prime Minister from South India: P. V. Narasimha Rao, 1991
Governor-General: Warren Hastings
Governor General of Independent India: Lord Mountbatten, 1947
Indian Governor-General of Indian Union: C Rajagopalachari, 1948
Chief Justice of India: H. J. Kania (1947-1951)
Indian ICS Officer: Satyendranath Tagore, 1863
Speaker of Lok Sabha: G.V. Mavlankar (1952-1956)
Finance Minister of Independent India: R.K. Shanmukhan Chetty (1947-1949)
Presentation of First Budget after India's Independence : R.K. Shanmukhan Chetty on Nov 26, 1947
 

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Science
Hydroelectric plant: On the Gaganachukki waterfall of the Sivasamudram Falls, Karnataka. Built in 1902.
City to have electricity: Bangalore, in 1906 (it was in fact the first city in Asia to have electricity)
Man in space: Rakesh Sharma aboard Salyut 7, on April 3, 1984. He was the 138th man in space worldwide.
Woman in space: Kalpana Chawla aboard Space Shuttle Columbia flight STS-87, on November 19, 1997. She was a naturalized United States citizen, and represented the US during the event.
Test-tube baby: Durga Agarwal, born 1978
Scientific Expedition to Antarctica: 1981
Nuclear Reactor: CIRUS, Mumbai, Maharashtra
First Genetically Modified Food Product in India : Bt. Egg plant Hybrid (Bt. -- Bacilius thuringiensis)
Satellite : Aryabhatta, launched on April 19, 1975
Satellite dedicated exclusively for educational services : EDUSET
Successfully indigenous launch vehicle : SLV-3
Prospective space tourist: Santhosh George Kulangara, proposed in 2009 aboard Virgin Galactic

Sport
Person to swim across the English Channel: Mihir Sen, 1958
Woman to swim across the English Channel: Arati Saha, 1959
Formula One race driver: Narain Karthikeyan
Formula One team: Force India F1
A1 GP race victory: Narain Karthikeyan, Zhuhai, China, 2007

Olympics
Olympic team medal: Gold for Hockey at the 1928 Summer Olympics Amsterdam, beating the Netherlands.
Olympic individual medal (in British India): Silver by Norman Pritchard for 200 metres races at the 1900 Summer Olympics, Paris. (This is disputed however. The IOC claims he participated for India. The IAAF records him as participant for Great Britain.)
Olympic individual medal: Bronze by K. D. Jadhav for wrestling at the 1952 Summer Olympics Helsinki.
Olympic individual medal by a woman: Bronze by Karnam Malleswari for weightlifting 54 kg class, at the 2000 Summer Olympics Sydney.
Olympic silver medal: Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore for Men's Double Trap at the 2004 Summer Olympics Athens.
Olympic individual gold medal: Abhinav Bindra for 10 m Air Rifle at the 2008 Summer Olympics Beijing.
Olympic medal in Boxing: Vijender Kumar at the 2008 Summer Olympics Beijing.
 

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Chess
Chess Grandmaster: Viswanathan Anand in 1988, at the age of 18.
FIDE World Chess Champion: Viswanathan Anand in December 2000.
Undisputed World Chess Champion: Viswanathan Anand in September 2007.
Woman Chess Grandmaster: Koneru Humpy, 2002. She was also the youngest woman to become a grandmaster at 15 years old.

Tennis
Grand Slam title: Mahesh Bhupathi (partnering with Japanese Rika Hiraki) in the Mixed Doubles category of the 1997 French Open.
Woman to win a match in a Grand Slam event: Nirupama Vaidyanathan beat Italian Gloria Pizzichini in the first round of the 1998 Australian Open
Woman to reach 4th round (highest as of 2009) of a Grand Slam singles event: Sania Mirza in the Singles category of the 2005 US Open.
Woman to win a Grand Slam title: Sania Mirza (partnering with Mahesh Bhupathi) in the Mixed Doubles category of the 2009 Australian Open.
Grand Slam junior title: Leander Paes in the Singles category of the 1990 Wimbledon Championship.
Grand Slam junior title by a woman: Sania Mirza (partnering with Russian Alisa Kleybanova) in the Doubles category of the 2003 Wimbledon Championships.

Cricket
Cricket tournament: The Bombay Triangular (1905-1911) which later became the Bombay Quadrangular (1912-1936)
Cricket test match: Against England at Lord's, June 25, 1932
First One day Cricket captain: (S.Venkataraghavan)
First Test Cricket captain: C. K. Nayudu for the 1932 tour of England
First Indian to score ODI century was (Kapil Dev)
Cricketer to score a century: Lala Amarnath 118 against England in December 1933 at Bombay Gymkhana grounds
Cricketer to score a double century: Polly Umrigar, 223 against New Zealand at Hyderabad in 1955-56
Cricketer to score a triple century: Virender Sehwag, 309 against Pakistan in Multan in 2004.
ODI cricket hat-trick: Chetan Sharma in Reliance World Cup against New Zealand in 1987.
Test cricket hat-trick: Harbhajan Singh against Australia in March 2001
Cricket World Cup championship win: At the 1983 Cricket World Cup, England beating West Indies.
Batsman to complete 10,000 runs in Test cricket: Sunil Gavaskar (he was first in the world to achieve this feat)
Batsman to complete 10,000 runs in ODI cricket: Sachin Tendulkar (he was first in the world to achieve this feat)
Cricket Twenty20 world cup winner: India in 2007.
Cricketer to score 85 centuries in Test and ODIs combined: Sachin Tendulkar
First bowler to take all 10 wickets in a test match: Anil Kumble

Minorities
First Sikh Prime Minister : Manmohan Singh
First Muslim President : Zakir Hussain (1967-1969)
First Sikh President : Giani Zail Singh
First Parsi Army Chief: Field Marshall Sam Manekshaw
First Christian Army Chief: General Sunith Francis Rodrigues
First Sikh Army Chief: General Joginder Jaswant Singh
First Parsi Air Force Chief: Air Marshal Aspy Engineer
First Sikh Air Force Chief: Air Marshal Arjan Singh
First Muslim Air Force Chief: Air Marshal Idris Hasan Latif
First Parsi Navy Chief: Admiral J L Cursetji
First Christian Navy Chief: Admiral R L Pereira
 

RPK

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Women
Graduates: Kadambini Ganguly and Chandramukhi Basu, 1883
Head of an Undergraduate Academic Institution: Chandramukhi Basu, 1888
Honours Graduate: Kamini Roy (1886)
Lawyer: Cornelia Sorabjee (1892)
Doctorate of Science: Asima Chatterjee (1944)
Chief Justice of a High Court (Himachal Pradesh): Leila Seth, 1991
Supreme Court Judge (also the first in the world): Anna Chandy
Physician: Kadambini Ganguly, 1886
Airline Pilot: Durga Banerjee
In space: Kalpana Chawla aboard Space Shuttle Columbia flight STS-87, on November 19, 1997. She was a naturalized United States citizen, and represented the US during the event.
Nobel Prize winner: Mother Teresa in 1979 (Albanian born Indian citizen)

Sport
Asian Games gold medal winner: Kamlijit Sandhu
To swim across the English Channel: Arati Saha, 1959
The first Indian woman to climb Mount Everest : Bachendri Pal , 1984
Chess Grandmaster: Koneru Humpy, 2002. She was also the youngest woman in the world to become a grandmaster at 15 years old.
To win 1st round match in a Grand Slam event: Nirupama Vaidyanathan beat Italian Gloria Pizzichini in the first round of the 1998 Australian Open
To reach 4th round (highest as of 2008) of a Grand Slam event: Sania Mirza in the Singles category of the 2005 US Open.
Grand Slam junior title: Sania Mirza (partnering with Russian Alisa Kleybanova) in the Doubles category of the 2003 Wimbledon Championships.

Administration and Politics
First female monarch of Delhi Sultanate: Razia Sultan (1205-1240) of Mamluk dynasty
Prime Minister: Indira Gandhi, 1966
Minister in a government: Rajkumari Amrit Kaur in the Ministry of Health
Chief Minister of a State: Sucheta Kripalani, Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, 1963-1967
Governor: Sarojini Naidu, Governor of Uttar Pradesh, 1947-1949
Central Minister (in pre-independent India): Vijayalakshmi Pandit, minister of local self-government and public health, 1937
Speaker of the Lok Sabha: Meira Kumar
Indian National Congress President: Annie Besant
President: Pratibha Patil, 2007
IPS Officer: Kiran Bedi
 

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Places
City to have electricity: Bangalore, in 1906 (it was in fact the first city in Asia to have electricity)
District to achieve 100% literacy rate: Ernakulam district, Kerala , 1990
City/town to achieve 100% literacy rate: Kottayam, Kerala, 1989
District to achieve 100% literacy rate and lowest population growth rate: Pathanamthitta district, Kerala
District to be polio-free: Pathanamthitta district, Kerala
District to achieve tobacco free: Kottayam district, Kerala, 27 September 2008

Transport
First Passenger Train: between Mumbai and Thane on 16th April 1853
First suburban railway line: Mumbai Suburban Railway in 1857
First rapid transit (Metro) rail: Kolkata Metro in 1984
First expressway: Mumbai-Pune Expressway in 2000

Others
Wax statue of a living Indian: Mahatma Gandhi at Madame Tussaud's in 1939
Exclusive internet magazine: Bharat Samachar
Miss India to participate in Miss Universe: Indrani Rahman in the Miss Universe 1952 Pageant at Long Beach, California
President of the Indian National Congress: W C Bonnerjee, 1885
Graduate in Medicine: Soorjo Coomar Goodeve Chuckerbutty
 

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Mountains in India


Peaks
Anginda
Bambi Dhura
Burphu Dhura
Changuch
Chaudhara
Chiring We
Doddabetta
Hardeol
Jonglingkong or Baba Kailash
K12
Kalsubai
Kamet
Kanchanjenga ; highest in India
Katphori Tiba
Mount Abu
Mullayanagiri
Nagalaphu
Nanda Devi — second highest
Nanda Devi East
Nanda Gond
Nanda Kot
Nanda Pal
Mount Kamet
Nun Kun
Panchchuli
Pandim
Rajrambha
Rimo I
Rishi Pahar
Saltoro Kangri
Saser Kangri
Sangthang
Sispara
Suj Tilla East
Suj Tilla West
Suli Top
Trishuli
Trisul
Badrinath
Kedarnath
Yamnotri
Gangotri
moon peak
Kapilash

Ranges in India
Aravalli Range
Annamalai and Cardamom Hills, Kerala
Camore Hills
Eastern Ghats
Garo Hills
The Himalayas
Karakoram Range
Khasi Hills
Jaintia Hills
Manipur Hills
Mizo Hills
Naga Hills
Nag Tibba Range
Nilgiri Hills
Patkai Hills
Pir Panjal Range
Purvanchal Range
Satpura Range
Shivalik Hills
Vindhya Range
Western Ghats
Matheran
Zaskar Range
Great Indian
Nanga Parbat
 

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Internet service providers in India


BSNL, state owned public sector company.
Airtel
Sify
HFCL
VSNL
Reliance Communications
Tata Teleservices
Spice
MTNL
 

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Public Sector Undertakings in India


HTML:
Name of PSU  			Industry  		Headquarters  
Air India Air Transport Services Limited			Transport		New Delhi
Air India Charters Limited			Transport		Mumbai
Air India Limited			Transport		New Delhi
Airline Allied Services Limited			Transport		New Delhi
Airports Authority Of India Limited			Transport		New Delhi
Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forest and Plantation Development Corporation Limited			Forestry		Port Blair
Andrew Yule & Company Limited			Heavy Industry, Engineering		Kolkota
Antrix Corporation Limited			Space, Communication		Bangalore
Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation of India			Manufacturing, Rehabilitation		Kanpur
Assam Ashok Hotel Corporation Limited			Tourism		New Delhi
Balmer Lawrie & Company Limited			Manufacturing		Kolkota
Balmer Lawrie Investments Limited			Financing		Kolkota
Braithwaite, Burn & Jessop Construction Company Limited			Construction		Kolkota
BEL Optronic Devices Limited			Research and Development, Electronics		Pune
Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Limited			Pharmaceuticals		Kolkota
Bharat Bhari Udyog Nigam Limited			Construction, Finance		Kolkota
Bharat Coking Coal Limited			Mining		Dhanbad
Bharat Dynamics Limited			Manufacturing, Defense		Hyderabad
Bharat Earth Movers Limited			Mining, Transportation		Bangalore
Bharat Electronics Limited			Defence, Electronics		Bangalore
Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited			Manufacturing		New Delhi
Bharat Heavy Plate & Vessels Limited			Manufacturing, Oil and Gas		Visakhapatnam
Bharat Immunologicals and Biologicals Corporation Limited			Pharmaceuticals		Bulandshahar
Bharat Petroleum Corpn. Limited			Petroleum		Mumbai
Bharat Pumps & Compressors Limited			Manufacturing		Allahabad
Bharat Refractories Limited			Manufacturing		New Delhi
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited			Communications		New Delhi
Bharat Wagon and Engineering Limited			Manufacturing		Patna
Bharat Yantra Nigam Limited			Manufacturing, Financing		Allahabad
Biecco Lawrie Limited			Petroleum, Manufacturing		Kolkota
Birds Jute and Exports Limited			Textiles, Manufacturing		Kolkota
Bongaigaon Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited			Oil and gas, Refinery		Bongaigaon
Brahmaputra Valley Fertilizer Corporation Limited			Fertilizer, Manufacturing		Dibrugarh
Braithwaite and Company Limited			Manufacturing, Railways		Kolkota
Bridge an Roof Company (India) Limited			Construction		Kolkota
British India Corporation Limited			Textiles, Manufacturing		Kanpur
Broadcast Engineering Consultants India Limited			Communications		New Delhi
Burn Standard Company Limited			Construction, Engineering		Kolkota
Cement Corpn. Of India Limited					
Central Coalfields Limited			Mining		Ranchi
Central Cottage Industries Corpn. Of India Limited					
Central Electronics Limited					
Central Inland Water Transport Corpn. Limited					
Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited					
Central Warehousing Corpn.					
Certification Engineers International Limited					
Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited					
Coal India Limited			Mining		Kolkota
Cochin Shipyard Limited			Marine Engineering		Kochi
Container Corporation Of India Limited					
Cotton Corpn. Of India Limited					
Donyi Polo Ashok Hotel Limited					
Dredging Corpn.Of India Limited					
Eastern Coalfields Limited			Mining		Asansol
Educational Consultants ( India ) Limited					
Electronics Corpn. Of India Limited					
Engineering Projects (India) Limited					
Engineers India Limited					
Ennore Port Limited			Port		Chennai
Export Credit Guarantee Corpn.Of India Limited					
Fci Aravali Gypsum & Minerals (India) Limited					
Ferro Scrap Nigam Limited					
Fertilizer Corpn. Of India Limited					
Fertilizers & Chemicals (Travancore) Limited					
Food Corporation of India			Wholesale, Agricultural products		New Delhi
Gail (India) Limited			Naturl Gas		New Delhi
Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited					
Goa Shipyard Limited			Defence, Manufacturing		Vasco da Gama, Goa
Handicrafts & Handloom Exports Corp. Of India Limited					
Heavy Engineering Corpn. Limited					
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited			Defence, Manufacturing		Bangalore
Hindustan Antibiotics Limited					
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Hindustan Fertilizer Corpn. Limited					
Hindustan Fluorocarbons Limited					
Hindustan Insecticides Limited					
Hindustan Latex Limited					
Hindustan Newsprint Limited					
Hindustan Organic Chemicals Limited					
Hindustan Paper Corporation Limited					
Hindustan Petroleum Corpn. Limited			Petroleum		Mumbai
Hindustan Photo Films Manufacturing Co. Limited					
Hindustan Prefab Limited					
Hindustan Salts Limited					
Hindustan Shipyard Limited			Manufacturing		Visakhapatnam
Hindustan Steel Works Costn. Limited					
Hindustan Vegetable Oils Corpn. Limited					
Hmt (International) Limited			Engineering		Bangalore
Hmt Bearings Limited			Manufacturing		Bangalore
Hmt Chinar Watches Limited			Manufacturing		Bangalore
Hmt Limited			Manufacturing		Bangalore
Hmt Machine Tools Limited			Manufacturing		Bangalore
Hmt Watches Limited			Engineering		Bangalore
Hooghly Dock And Port Engineers Limited					
Hooghly Printing Company Limited					
Hotel Corpn. Of India Limited					
Housing and Urban Development Corporation Limited			Urban development		New Delhi
Hscc (India) Limited					
ITI Limited			Communications		Bangalore
IBP Company Limited			Petroleum		Kolkota
Idpl (Tamilnadu) Limited					
India Tourism Dev. Corpn.Limited					
India Trade Promotion Organisation			Trade		New Delhi
Indian Airlines Limited			Transport		New Delhi
Indian Drugs & Pharmaceuticals Limited					
Indian Medicines & Pharmaceutical Corpn. Limited					
Indian Oil CorporationIndian Oil Corporation Limited			Petroleum		New Delhi
Indian Oil Technologies Limited Manufacturing			Faridabad		
Indian Railway Catering And Tourism Corpn. Limited					
Indian Railway Finance Corporation Limited			Finance		New Delhi
Indian Rare Earths Limited			Mining		Mumbai
Indian Renewable Energy Devt.Agency Limited					
Instrumentation Limited					
Ircon International Limited					
J & K Mineral Development Corpn. Limited					
Jute Corpn. Of India Limited					
Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals Limited					
Karnataka Trade Promotion Organisation					
Konkan Railway Corporation Limited			Transport		Navi Mumbai
Kudremukh Iron Ore Co.Ltd					
Kumarakuppa Frontier Hotels Limited					
[M M T C Limited]MMTC Limited					
M S T C Limited					
Madhya Pradesh Ashok Hotel Corpn. Limited					
Madras Fertilizers Limited					
Mahanadi Coalfieldls Limited			Mining		Sambalpur
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Maharashtra Elektrosmelt Limited					
Mangalore Refinary & Petrochemicals Limited			Refinery, Petrochemicals		Mangalore
Manganese Ore(India) Limited					
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Mecon Limited					
Millennium Telecom Limited					
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Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited					
Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation Limited			Transport		Mumbai
Nagaland Pulp & Paper Company Limited					
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National Aluminium Company Limited			Bhubaneswar		
National Backward Classes Finance & Development Corp.					
National Bldg. Constn. Corpn. Limited					
National Fertilizers Limited			Agriculture		NOIDA
National Film Dev. Corpn. Limited			Entertainment		Mumbai
National Handicapped Finance & Devpt. Corpn.					
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National Hydroelectric Power Corpn.Limited					
National Informatics Center Services Incorporated.					
National Instruments Limited					
National Jute Manufacturers Corporation Limited					
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National Minorities Devp. & Finance Corpn.					
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National Research Devp. Corpn.					
National Safai Karamcharis' Finance & Devpt. Corpn.					
National Scheduled Castes Finance & Devp. Corpn.					
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National Seeds Corpn. Limited					
National Small Industries Corpn. Limited					
National Textile Corpn. (Holding Co.) Limited					
Nepa Limited					
Neyveli Lignite Corporation Limited			Mining, Energy		Neyveli
North Eastern Handicrafts & Handloom Dev.Corpn. Limited					
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North Eastern Regional Agri. Marketing Corp.Limited					
Northern Coalfields Limited			Mining		Singrauli
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Ntc(Gujarat)Limited					
Ntc(Madhya Pradesh)Limited					
Ntc(Maharashtra North)Limited					
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Ntc(Tamilnadu & Pondicherry) Limited					
Ntc(Uttar Pradesh)Limited					
Ntc(West Bengal,Assam,Bihar & Orissa)Limited					
Ntpc Electric Supply Company Limited			Energy		New Delhi
Ntpc Limited			Energy		New Delhi
Ntpc Vidyut Vyapar Nigam Limited			Energy		New Delhi
Nuclear Power Corpn. Of India Limited			Energy		Mumbai
Numaligarh Refinary Limited					
Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited			Petroleum		Dehradun
Oil India Limited			Petroleum		NOIDA
Ongc Videsh Limited			Petroleum		Dehradun
Orissa Drugs & Chemicals Limited					
PEC Limited					
Pawan Hans Helicopters Limited			Manufacturing		New Delhi
Pondicherry Ashok Hotel Corpn. Limited					
Power Finance Corporation					
Power Grid Corporation Of India Limited			Power transmission		New Delhi
Praga Tools Limited					
Projects & Development India Limited			Engineering		NOIDA
Pyrites, Phosphates & Chemicals Limited					
Railtel Corporation India Limited			Transport		New Delhi
Rajasthan Drugs & Pharmaceuticals Limited					
Rajasthan Electronics And Instruments Limited					
Ranchi Ashok Bihar Hotel Corpn. Limited					
Rashtriya Chemicals And Fertilizers Limited					
Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited					
Richardson & Cruddas(1972) Limited					
Rites Limited			Transport		Gurgaon
Rural Electrification Corpn. Limited					
Sambhar Salts Limited					
Satluj Jal Vidyut Nigam Limited					
Scooters India Limited					
Semi-Conductor Complex Limited					
Shipping Corporation Of India Limited			Transport, Logistics		Mumbai
South Eastern Coalfields Limited			Mining		Bilaspur
Sponge Iron India Limited					
State Farms Corporation of India Limited					
State Trading Corpn. Of India Limited					
Stcl Limited					
Steel Authority of India Limited			Manufacturing		New Delhi
Tamil Nadu Trade Promotion Organisation					
Telecommunications Consultants (India) Limited					
Triveni Structurals Limited					
Tungabhadra Steel Products Limited					
Tyre Corporation of India Limited					
Uranium Corporation of India Limited					
Utkal Ashok Hotel Corpn. Limited					
Vignyan Industries Limited					
Water & Power Consultancy Services(India) Limited					
Western Coalfields Limited			Mining		Nagpur
 

RPK

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Coldest Place in India
Drass in western Ladakh is the coldest place in India. It is also the second coldest place in the world after Siberia. Temperatures drop down to about -40 degrees Celsius in winters. However, summers in Drass are balmy and many trekkers and campers visit Drass during the summer time. Drass has an altitude of 3230 m and lies 60 km west of Kargil on the road to Srinagar. The Drass valley starts from the base of the Zojila pass, the Himalayan gateway to Ladakh. Drass is a convenient base camp for treks to Suru valley. Inhabitants of Drass are of Dard descent, an Indo-Aryan race believed to have originally migrated to Ladakh from Central Asia.

Largest Glacier in India
Siachen Glacier is the largest glacier in India. In fact, it has the distinction of being the largest glacier outside the polar and the sub-polar regions. Siachen glacier is 75.6 km long and 2.8 km wide. It is the source for the 80km-long Nubra River, a tributary of the Shyok, which is part of the Indus River system.

The Siachen Glacier lies south of the great watershed that separates China from the Indian subcontinent in the extensively glaciated portion of the Karakoram. The word 'Siachen' means "the place of wild roses". Siachen also has the dubious distinction of being the highest battleground on earth. India and Pakistan have fought intermittently since April 13, 1984. The volume of the glacier has been reduced by 35 percent over the last twenty years. Global warming and military activity have been cited as the main reasons for the receding of the glacier.

Largest Delta in India
Sundarban is the largest delta in India. The Sundarbans are a part of the world's largest delta formed by the rivers Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna. They are vast tract of forest and saltwater swamp forming the lower part of the Ganges Delta, extending about 260 km along the Bay of Bengal from the Hooghly River Estuary in India to the Meghna River Estuary in Bangladesh. Sunderban covers an area of 4262 sq. km in India.

Sunderban is a unique ecosystem dominated by mangrove forests and gets its name from the Sundari trees. Sunderban is spread over 54 islands and two countries. It is one of the last preserves of the Bengal tiger and the site of a tiger preservation project.

Wettest Place in India
Wettest Place in India is Cherrapunji. In fact, Cherrapunji is the wettest place on the earth. The place receives an annual rainfall of over 1200 cm. Cherrapunji is situated at 56 kms from Shillong, the capital of Meghalaya, in one of the heaviest rain-belts in the world. However, off late, a ding-dong battle has been on between Cherrapunji and the neighbouring village of Mawsynram for the crown of "Wettest Place in the World". Sometimes, it is Cherrapunji which records highest annual rainfall in the world and sometimes it is Mawsynram. However, meteorologists question the genuineness of the data obtained from Mawsynram. Unlike Cherrapunji, there is no meteorological office at Mawsynram and the readings there are taken by a peon of the Meghalaya Public Works Department posted there.
 

RPK

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Easternmost Point of India
Kibithu is the easternmost point of India. Kibithu is a tiny village located at an altitude of 11,000 feet in Arunachal Pradesh's Lohit District, bordering China's Tibet region. Kibithoo is nestled on the right bank of the mighty Lohit River. It is the first settlement along the banks of Lohit River in Arunachal Pradesh after the river enters the Indian Territory from China. The climate of Kibithu is cool and salubrious. The whispering pine forests, wild rash berries, beautiful flowers and majestic waterfalls set against tall blue hills add to the abundant natural beauty of Kibithu.

Kibithu witnessed some of the fiercest fights by Indian Soldiers against the Chinese in 1962. But with the passage of time, after Nathu La, Kibithu is fast emerging to be a new melting point of Indo-China friendship. It offers relatively easy travel up to Chinese side.

Westernmost Point of India
West of Ghuar Mota in Gujarat is the westernmost point of India. Its Latitude/Longitide is 23.67 N/ 68.52 E. Ghuar Mota is in the Kutch region of Gujarat. Other cities located near Ghuar Mota are: Koteshwar, Mudia, Panadra, Pipar, Ber Mota, Ber, Lakhpat, and Lakhpal.

Kutch was one of the princely states of India during the British rule. During the monsoon season the region becomes virtually an island resembling a tortoise "Katchua", surrounded by seawater. Kutch has an extreme climate and the temperature ranges from 20o C in winter to 45o C in summers.

Northernmost Point of India
Northernmost Point of India is disputed. The Siachen Glacier in the State of Jammu & Kashmir is the northern most point under Indian control. India claims the entire state of Jammu and Kashmir on the basis of Instrument of Accession signed in 1947, which inter alia includes Gilgit, Baltistan, and Kanjut. Gilgit, Baltistan, and Kanjut are presently under the control of Pakistan. The northern most point if we take the whole state of J&K in consideration is Dafdar in the Taghdumbash Pamir near Beyik Pass in Kanjut.

Southernmost Point of India
Indira Point, the southernmost tip of the Great Nicobar island is the southernmost point of land in the territory of India. It is at 6o 45' N latitude. Indira Point was formerly known as Pygmalion Point and it was so named by the late Rajiv Gandhi after his mother on a visit to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. A large part of the Indira point was submerged under the sea due to the tsunami generated by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. The sea is now slowly retreating back to its original position. Indira Point is also a favourite nesting site for exotic sea animals.
 

RPK

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India Timeline


3000 BC: Beginning of the Indus Valley Civilization
2500 BC: Establishment of the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus Valley
2000 BC: Decline of the Indus Valley Civilization
1600 BC: India is invaded by the Aryans from the west who drive away the Dravidians
1100 BC: With the discovery of iron, Indo-Aryans start using iron tools
1000 BC: One of the earliest Holy Scripture, Rig-Veda is composed
750 BC: Indo-Aryans rule over 16 Mahajanapadas (16 Great States) in northern India, from the Indus to the Ganges
700 BC: Beginning of the caste system, with the Brahmans taking the highest class
600 BC: The Upanishads are composed in Sanskrit
543 BC: Bimbisara of Bihar conquers the Magadha region in the northeast
527 BC: Prince Siddhartha Gautama attains enlightenment and becomes the Buddha
500 BC: The ascetic prince Mahavira establishes Jainism in northern India
493 BC: Bimbisara dies and is succeeded by Ajatashatru
461 BC: Ajatashatru expands the Magadha territory and dies shortly afterwards
327 BC: Alexander the Great of Macedonia invades the Indus valley, fights the famous battle with Porus
304 BC: Magadha king Chandragupta Maurya buys the Indus valley and establishes the Maurya dynasty with Pataliputra as the capital
300 BC: Ramayana, a famous epic is composed
300 BC: Chola dynasty establishes his kingdom over southern India with capital in Thanjavur
290 BC: Chandragupta's son Bindusara, extends the empire to the Deccan region
259 BC: Mauryan emperor Ashoka converts to Buddhism and sends out Buddhist missionaries to nearby regions
220 BC: Maurya dynasty expands to almost all of India
200 BC: Mahabharata, another famous epic is composed
200 BC: Andhras occupy the east coast of India
184 BC: Maurya dynasty ends and marks the beginning of Sunga dynasty
150 BC: Patanjali writes the "Yoga Sutras"
100 BC: Bhagavata Gita is composed
78 BC: End of Sunga dynasty
50 AD: Thomas, an apostle of Jesus, visits India
50 AD: The first Buddhist stupa is constructed at Sanchi
200 AD: The Manu code puts down the rules of everyday life and divides Hindus into four major castes (Brahmins, warriors, farmers/traders, non-Aryans)
300 AD: The Pallava dynasty is established in Kanchi
350 AD: The Sangam is compiled in the Tamil language in the kingdom of Madurai and the Puranas are composed
380 AD: Two giant Buddha statues are carved Buddhist monks in the rock at Afghanistan
390 AD: Chandra Gupta II extends the Gupta kingdom to Gujarat
450 AD: Kumaragupta builds the monastic university of Nalanda
499 AD: Hindu mathematician Aryabhatta writes the "Aryabhattiyam", the first book on Algebra
500 AD: Beginning of Bhakti cult in Tamil Nadu
528 AD: Gupta Empire sees a downfall due to continuous barbaric invasions
550 AD: Chalukyan kingdom is established in central India with capital in Badami
600 AD: Pallava dynasty governs southern India from Kanchi
606 AD: Harsha Vardhana, a Buddhist king builds the kingdom of Thanesar in north India and Nepal with capital at Kannauj in the Punjab
625 AD: Pulikesin extends the Chalukyan Empire in central India
647 AD: King Harsha Vardhana is defeated by the Chalukyas at Malwa
650 AD: Pallavas of Kanchipuram are defeated by the Chalukyas
670 AD: Pallavas establish themselves at a new city at Mamallapuram
750 AD: Gurjara - Pratiharas rule the north of India and the Palas establish themselves in eastern India
753 AD: Rashtrakutas, a Chalukya dynasty, expands from the Deccan into south and central India
775 AD: Chalukyas defeat the Rashtrakutas and move the capital at Kalyani
800 AD: Many kingdoms are created in central India and in Rajastan by Rajputs
846 AD: Cholas get back their independence from the Pallavas
885 AD: Pratihara Empire reaches its peak and extends its empire from Punjab to Gujarat to Central India
888 AD: End of the Pallava dynasty
985 AD: Rajaraja Chola extends the Chola Empire to all of south India and constructs the temple of Thanjavur
997 AD: Mahmud of Ghazni raids northern India
998 AD: Mahmud of Ghazni conquers the area of Punjab
1000 AD: Chola king Rajaraja builds the Brihadeshvara Temple in Thanjavur
1019 AD: Mahmud Ghazni attacks north India and destroys Kannauj, which is the capital of the Gurjara-Pratihara Empire
1050 AD: Chola Empire conquers Srivijaya, Malaya and the Maldives
1084 AD: Mahipala raises the Palas to the peak of their power
1190 AD: Chalukya Empire is split among Hoysalas, Yadavas and Kakatiyas

Medieval India Timeline

1192 AD: Mohammad of Ghori defeats Prithvi Raj, captures Delhi and establishes a Muslim sultanate at Delhi
1206 AD: The Ghurid prince Qutub-ud-din Aibak becomes the first sultan of Delhi
1250 AD: Chola dynasty comes to an end
1290 AD: Jalal ud-Din Firuz establishes the Khilji sultanate at Delhi
1325 AD: The Turks invade and Muhammad bin Tughlaq becomes sultan of Delhi
1343 AD: The southern kingdom builds its capital at Vijayanagar (Hampi)
1345 AD: Muslim nobles revolt against Muhammad bin Tughlaq and declare their independence from the Delhi sultanate. The Bahmani kingdom is established in the Deccan.
1370 AD: Vijayanagar kingdom takes over the Muslim sultanate of Madura in Tamil Nadu
1490 AD: Guru Nanak Dev Ji establishes Sikhism and the city of Amritsar
1497 AD: Babur, a ruler of Afghan, becomes the ruler of Ferghana and establishes the Mughal dynasty in India
1530 AD: Babur dies and his son Humayun succeeds as the next Mughal emperor
1540 AD: Babur's son Humayun loses the empire to Afghan Leader Sher Shah and goes into exile in Persia
1555 AD: Mughal king Humayun comes to fight Sher Shah and regains India
1556 AD: Humayun dies and his son Akbar becomes one of the greatest rulers of India
1605 AD: Akbar dies and is succeeded by his son Jahangir
1611 AD: East India Company is established in India by the British
1617 AD: Jahangir's son, Prince Khurram receives the title of Shah Jahan
1627 AD: Shivaji establishes the Maratha kingdom
1631 AD: Shah Jahan succeeds Jahangir and builds the world famous Taj Mahal
1658 AD: Shah Jahan's son Aurangzeb seizes power
1707 AD: Aurangzeb dies, destabilizing the Mughal Empire

Modern India Timeline

1751 AD: Britain becomes the leading colonial power in India
1757 AD: British defeat Siraj-ud-daulah at the Battle of Plassey
1761 AD: Marathas rule over most of northern India
1764 AD: Britain expands to Bengal and Bihar
1769 AD: A famine kills ten million people in Bengal and the East India Company does nothing to help them
1773 AD: Warren Hastings, governor of Bengal establishes a monopoly on the sale of opium. Regulating Act passed by the British.
1793 AD: Permanent Settlement of Bengal
1799 AD: British defeat Tipu Sultan
1829 AD: Prohibition of Sati by law
1831 AD: Administration of Mysore is taken over by East India Company
1848 AD: Lord Dalhousie becomes the Governor-General of India
1853 AD: Railway, postal services & telegraph line introduced in India
1857 AD: First War of Indian Independence also known as Revolt of 1857 or Sepoy Mutiny
1858 AD: British Crown officially takes over the Indian Government
1877 AD: Queen of England is proclaimed as the Empress of India
1885 AD: First meeting of the Indian National Congress
1899 AD: Lord Curzon becomes Governor-General and Viceroy of India
1905 AD: The First Partition of Bengal takes place
1906 AD: Muslim League is formed
1912 AD: The Imperial capital shifted to Delhi from Calcutta
1919 AD: The cruel Jallianwalla Bagh massacre takes place due to protests against the Rowlatt Act
1920 AD: Non-cooperation Movement launched
1922 AD: Chauri-Chaura violence takes place due to Civil Disobedience Movement
1928 AD: Simon Commission comes to India and is boycotted by all parties
1930 AD: Salt Satyagraha is launched as an agitation against salt tax. First Round Table Conference takes place
1931 AD: Second Round Table Conference takes place and Irwin-Gandhi Pact is signed
1934 AD: Civil Disobedience Movement is called off
1942 AD: Cripps Mission is formed; Quit India Movement is launched; Indian National Army is formed.
3rd June 1947 AD: Lord Mountbatten's plan for partition of India comes into light
15th August 1947 AD: Partition of India and Independence from the British rule
 

RPK

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Interesting Facts About Olympic Nation - India

India was one of the first Asian countries to sent female athletes to the Olympic Games. This country had sent 4 sportswomen -swimming & athletics- to Helsinki in 1952.

Indian sprinter Norman D. Pritchard, who lived in England, became the first athlete from Asia to win an Olympic medal. In 1900, he won two Olympic silver medals (200m and 200m hurdles). For this reason , India -the most poorest country in the 1900s- became the first Asian country to win an Olympic medal.

In 1976, O.P.Mehra -president of the Indian Olympic Association- refused to join the Tanzania-led boycott of the Montreal Olympic Games protesting the participation of New Zeland-country's rugby team visited South Africa. During the Apartheid years,South Africa was expelled from the International Olympic Committee. India -whose prime minister Indira Gandhi fought against the apartheid in the 1970s- sent 26 athletes to Montreal (Canada).

This country sent 1 athlete (skier) to the Winter Olympic Games in Innsbruck (Austria) in 1964. For the first time, India competed in the Winter Olympics.

India -it is the second most populous nation of the world- boycotted the 1986 Edinburgh Commonwealth Games.

K.D. Jadav (wrestler) became the second Indian to win an individual Olympic medal. At the Summer Olympics in Helsinki (Finland), Jadav won a bronze medal.

Leander Paes is India's most renowned tennis player. He won the men's singles bronze at the 1996 Summer Olympics in the United States. He can only be compared with Vijay Amritraj, who led India to the finals of the Davis Cup in 1974.

The Indian Olympic Association and the city of New Delhi plans to invest close to US$ 800 million to prepare New Delhi for the 2010 Commonwealth Games.

From 1900 to 1976, 486 athletes competed in the Olympic Games. During these years, India won Olympic medals in the following events: track & field (2 silvers), wrestling (1 bronze), field hockey (7 golds, 1 silver, 2 bronzes).

Jawaharlal Nehru supported the 1951 Asian Games in New Delhi.

P.T. Usha was one of the best female athletes in Asia. In 1986 she became the first Indian athlete to win 4 gold medals at a single Asian Games.She won golds in the 200m, 400m, 400m hurdles and 4x400m relay.In the 1990 and 1994 Asian Games she also won four medals. Usha once said: "Of all the medals I won at the Asian Games, I cherish the 200m gold I won at Seoul in 1986 where I beat Lydia De Vega of the Philippines in a close race".

The Indian men's field hockey team won the gold medal at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin. In the final, India defeated Germany 8-1.

This country sent 49 athletes to the 1972 Munich Olympics.Track & field: Suresh Babu, Parvee Kumar, Kamaljit Sandhu, Edward Sequeira, Chauhan Singh, Gill Singh, Jagraj Singh, Sriram Singh. Boxing: Sing Mehtab, Cha Narayan, Muniswa Venu. Wrestling: She Birajdarhar, Ram Chandgi, Harishchandra, Singh Jagrup, Adkar Maruti, Singh Mukhtiar, Prem Premnath, S. Satpaisingh, S. Sudeshkumar. Weightlifting: Anilku Mondal. Shooting: P.K. Chatterjee, S. Choudhary, Karni Singh, Randhir Singh. Badminton: Suresh Goel. Field hockey: Singh Ajit, Singh Ajitpal, Kumar Ashok, K. Aslamsher, Govin Billimogaputtas, Cornelio Charles, Singh Harbinder, Singh Harcharn, Singh Harmik, Singh Kulwant, Frederick Manuel, Kindo Michael, Galesh Mollerapoovayya, Singh Mukhbain, Krishnamurty Perumal, Phillips Vj, Paes Vece, Singh Virinder. Sailing: Ahmed Basith, S.Contractor, Tehmas Mogul, Uberoi Satish, P. Vijaishwar.

Vijay Singh -one of the world's best golfers- has Indian origin.

India -it is the second largest Asian nation- won the silver medal at the Asian Cup Soccer in 1964.

Sania Mirza is one of the best female tennis players in Asia. She was born in Mumbai, India. Sania became the first Indian female to win at the Wimbledon Junior. Larry Scott, president of the WTA, said: "She's gained iconic status culturally and politically, as a role model for women, and what she represents in being a Muslim in India. Being quite confident in herself as a person, she has shaken up some people but that resonates with youth.Some of the establishment are not so sure about her-she likes to be a bit cute and cheeky and some personality- but that adds fuel to her popularity..."

Visakhapatnam (India) hosted the 2005 FIVB Men's Junior World Championship.

This Asian country took part in 22 editions of the Olympic Games: Paris 1900, Antwerp 1920, Paris 1924, Amsterdam 1928, Los Angeles 1932, Berlin 1936, London 1948, Helsinki 1952, Melbourne 1956, Rome 1960, Tokyo 1964, Mexico City 1968, Munich 1972, Montreal 1976, Moscow 1980, Los Angeles 1984, Seoul 1988, Barcelona 1992, Atlanta 1996, Sydney 2000, Athens 2004, Beijing 2008.

India won 5 gold medals at the 1986 Summer Asian Games in Seoul (South Korea).

The Indian men's soccer team won the gold medal at the Jakarta Asian Games in 1962.The Asian tournament was won by India for the second time.

Sir Dorabji J.Tata became the first president of the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) in 1920.

This nation won gold in women's hockey at the 1982 Asian Games.

Alejandro Guevara Onofre: He is a freelance writer. Alejandro is of Italian, African and Peruvian ancestry. He has published more than seventy-five research paper in English, and more than twenty in Spanish, concerning the world issues, olympic sports, countries, and tourism. His next essay is called "The Dictator and Alicia Alonso". He is an expert on foreign affairs. Alejandro is the first author who has published a world-book encyclopedia in Latin America.

He admires Frida Kahlo (Mexican painter), José Gamarra (former president of the Bolivian Olympic Committee ,1970- 1982), Hillary Clinton (ex-First Lady of the USA), and Jimmy Carter (former President of the USA). Alejandro said: "The person who I admire the most is José Gamarra . He devoted his professional and personal life to sport. José played an important role in the promotion of Olympism in Bolivia -it is one of the Third World`s poorest countries- and Latin America. His biography is interesting". The sportspeople he most admire is Olympic volleyball player Flo Hyman. "This African-American sportswoman is my idol... "
 

RPK

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Siliguri Corridor



The Siliguri Corridor or Chicken's Neck or is a narrow stretch of land which connects India's north-eastern states to the rest of India. This strip of land is only 21 to 40 km in width, with the countries of Nepal and Bangladesh lying on either side of the corridor.


The Siliguri Corridor is the strip of Indian territory within the red highlighted circle.The city of Siliguri, which lies in the state of West Bengal, is the major city in this area. The city is the central node which connects Bhutan, Nepal, north-east India and mainland India.

The Siliguri Corridor was created in 1947 after the state of Bengal was partitioned between the Republic of India and Pakistan's former state of East Bengal, now independent Bangladesh. This strip was drawn on the map to allow India access to the state of Assam. Being a sensitive area amidst three countries, the strip is heavily patrolled by the Indian Army, the Assam Rifles, the Border Security Force and the West Bengal Police. In recent times the area has become the focus of illegal crossings between Bangladesh rebels and Nepali Maoist insurgents, both in search of refuge from their countrymen[citation needed]. A flourishing narcotics and weapons traffic also takes place in this region.[1]

All land transportation between the rest of India and its far eastern states have to make use of this circuitous corridor as free trade between Bangladesh and India has yet to be made a reality. The route has a major broad gauge railway line in addition to the old metre gauge line which connects the north-eastern states with the rest of India. National Highway 31 connects Siliguri to Guwahati in Assam which is the most critical highway in the region, owing to the insurgents in the vicinity.[citation needed]

In 2002, India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh studied a proposal which would set a free trade zone in the area which would enable all four countries to connect directly with each other without restrictions.[2]
 

RPK

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Flag of India

Respect for the flag
Indian law says that the flag must at all times be treated with "dignity, loyalty and respect". The "Flag Code of India – 2002", which superseded "The Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950", governs the display and usage of the flag. Official regulation states that the flag must never touch the ground or water, be used as a tablecloth or draped in front of a platform, cover a statue, plaque, cornerstone etc. Until 2005, the flag could not be used in clothing, uniform or costume. On 5 July 2005, the Government of India amended the code, allowing use of the flag as clothing and uniform. It however cannot be used as clothing below the waist or as undergarments.[19] It is also prohibited to embroider the national flag and other symbols onto pillowcases or neckerchiefs.[20] The flag may not be intentionally placed upside down, dipped in anything, or hold any objects other than flower petals before unfurling. No sort of lettering may be inscribed on the flag.[4]


Handling of the flag



There are a number of traditional rules of respect that should be observed when handling or displaying the flag. When out in the open, the flag should always be hoisted at sunrise and lowered at sunset, irrespective of the weather conditions. The flag may be also flown on a public building at night under special circumstances.

The flag should never be depicted, displayed or flown upside down. Tradition also states that when draped vertically, the flag should not merely be rotated through 90 degrees, but also reversed. One "reads" a flag like the pages of a book, from top to bottom and from left to right, and after rotation the results should be the same. It is also insulting to display the flag in a frayed or dirty state. The same rule applies to the flagpoles and halyards used to hoist the flag, which should always be in a proper state of maintenance.[4]


Wall display
The rules regarding the correct methods to display the flag state that when two flags are fully spread out horizontally on a wall behind a podium, their hoists should be towards each other with the saffron stripes uppermost. If the flag is displayed on a short flagpole, this should be mounted at an angle to the wall with the flag draped tastefully from it. If two national flags are displayed on crossed staffs, the hoists must be towards each other and the flags must be fully spread out. The flag should never be used as a cloth to cover tables, lecterns, podiums or buildings, or be draped from railings.[4]

With other countries



When the National Flag is flown outdoors in company with the national flags of other countries, there are several rules that govern the ways in which the flag must be flown, specifically that it must always occupy the position of honour. This means it must be the flag furthest to the right (observers' left) of all the flags on display, with the flags of other countries being arranged alphabetically according to the Latin alphabet. All the flags should be approximately the same size, with no flag being larger than the Indian flag. Each country's flag should be on a separate pole, with no national flag being flown on top of another from the same pole. It is permissible in such a case to begin and end the row with the Indian flag and also include it in the normal country-wise alphabetical order. In case flags are to be flown in a closed circle, the national flag shall mark the beginning of the circle and the flags of other countries should proceed in a clockwise manner until the last flag is placed next to the national flag. The National flag of India must always be hoisted first and lowered last.

When the flag is displayed on crossed poles, the Indian flag's pole should be in front and the flag to the right (observers' left) of the other flag. When the United Nations flag is flown along with the Indian flag, it can be displayed on either side of it. The general practice is to fly the flag on the extreme right with reference to the direction which it is facing.[4]

With non-national flags



When the flag is displayed with other flags that are not national flags, such as corporate flags and advertising banners, the rules state that if the flags are on separate staffs, the flag of India should be in the middle, or the furthest left from the viewpoint of the onlookers, or at least one flag's breadth higher than the other flags in the group. Its flagpole must be in front of the other poles in the group, but if they are on the same staff, it must be the uppermost flag. If the flag is carried in procession with other flags, it must be at the head of the marching procession, or if carried with a row of flags in line abreast, it must be carried to the marching right of the procession.[4]

Showing the flag indoors



Whenever the flag is displayed indoors in the halls at public meetings or gatherings of any kind, it should always be on the right (observers' left), as this is the position of authority. So when the flag is displayed next to a speaker in the hall or other meeting place, it must be placed on the speaker's right hand. When it is displayed elsewhere in the hall, it should be to the right of the audience.

The flag should be displayed completely spread out with the saffron stripe on top. If hung vertically on the wall behind the podium, the saffron stripe should be to the left of the onlookers facing the flag with the hoist cord at the top.[4]


Parades and ceremonies


The flag, when carried in a procession or parade or with another flag or flags, should be on the marching right or alone in the centre at the front. The flag may form a distinctive feature of the unveiling of a statue, monument, or plaque, but should never be used as the covering for the object. As a mark of respect to the flag, it should never be dipped to a person or thing. Regimental colours, organisational or institutional flags may be dipped as a mark of honour.

During the ceremony of hoisting or lowering the flag, or when the flag is passing in a parade or in a review, all persons present should face the flag and stand at attention. Those present in uniform should render the appropriate salute. When the flag is in a moving column, persons present will stand at attention or salute as the flag passes them. A dignitary may take the salute without a head dress. The flag salutation should be followed by the playing of the national anthem.[4]

Display on vehicles
The privilege of flying the national flag on a vehicle is restricted to the President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, Governors and Lt. Governors, Chief Ministers, Cabinet Ministers and Junior Cabinet members of the Indian Parliament and state legislatures, Speakers of the Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies, Chairmen of the Rajya Sabha and state legislative councils, judges of the Supreme Court of India and High Courts, and Officers of Flag-rank of the army, navy and air force. They may fly the flag on their cars whenever they consider it necessary or advisable. The flag shall be flown from a staff, which should be affixed firmly either on the middle front of the bonnet or to the front right side of the car. When a foreign dignitary travels in a car provided by government, the flag should be flown on the right side of the car, the flag of the foreign country being flown on the left side.

The flag should be flown on the aircraft carrying the President, the Vice-President or the Prime Minister on a visit to a foreign country. Alongside the National Flag, the flag of the country visited should also be flown but, when the aircraft lands in countries en route, the national flags of the countries touched would be flown instead, as a gesture of courtesy and goodwill. When the President goes on tour within India, the flag should be displayed on the side by which the President will embark the aircraft or disembark from it. When the President travels by special train within the country, the flag should be flown from the driver's cab on the side facing the platform of the station from where the train departs. The flag should be flown only when the special train is stationary or when coming into the station where it is going to halt.[4]


Half-mast
The flag should be flown at half-mast as a sign of mourning only on instructions from the president who also gives a date ending the mourning period. When the flag is to be flown at half mast, it must first be raised to the top of the mast and then slowly lowered to half mast. Before being lowered at sunset or at the appropriate time, the flag is first raised to the top of the pole and then lowered. Only the Indian flag is flown half mast; all other flags remain at normal height.

The flag is flown at half-mast for the death of the President, Vice-President and Prime Minister all over India. For the Speaker of the Lok Sabha and the Chief Justice of The Supreme Court of India, it is flown in Delhi and for a Union Cabinet Minister it is flown in Delhi and the state capitals. For Minister of State, it is flown only in Delhi. For a Governor, Lt. Governor and Chief Minister of a state or union territory it is flown in the concerned state.

If the intimation of the death of any dignitary is received in the afternoon, the flag shall be flown at half-mast on the following day also at the place or places indicated above, provided the funeral has not taken place before sun-rise on that day. Also, the flag shall be flown at half-mast at the place of the funeral.

On Republic Day, Independence Day, Gandhi Jayanti, National Week (6th to 13 April), the anniversary of formation of that state or any other particular day of national rejoicing as may be specified by the Government of India, flags are not permitted to be flown at half-mast except over the building housing the body of the deceased. Such a flag must be raised to the full-mast position if the body is removed before the mourning period ends.

Observances of State mourning on the death of foreign dignitaries are governed by special instructions issued from the Ministry of Home Affairs (Home Ministry) in individual cases. However, in the event of death of either the Head of the State or Head of the Government of a foreign country, the Indian Mission accredited to that country may fly the national flag on the above mentioned days.

On occasions of state, military, central para-military forces funerals, the flag shall be draped over the bier or coffin with the saffron towards the head of the bier or coffin. The flag shall not be lowered into the grave or burnt in the pyre.[4]


Disposal
When the flag is in a damaged or soiled condition, it may not be cast aside or disrespectfully disposed of, but shall be destroyed as a whole in private, preferably by burning or by any other method consistent with the dignity of the flag. The other proper way to destroy the Tiranga could be immersion into the Ganga or buried with due respect.[4]
 

RPK

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Country flag
People on stamps of India


Sri Anandamayi Ma, 1987
Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha, Eminent Freedom Fighter & First Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar (1988)
Salim Ali, Ornithologist, explorer, ecologist, teacher and writer (1996)
Dhirubhai Ambani, industrialist of Gujarat (2002)
Frank Anthony Parliamentarian, jurist, educationist and philanthropist (2003)
Annamacharya Saint, social reformer and singer-poet (2004)
Jyotiprasad Agarwalla Cultural icon, nationalist, musician, poet and humanist (2004)
Abdul Qaiyum Ansari (2005)
Maraimalai Adigal, Tamil lecturer, scholar and researcher (2007)
Alluri Sita Rama Raju, Freedom fighter (1986)

Subramania Bharati, poet and statesman (1960)
Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande musician (1961)
Buddha (1956, 2007)
Jagadis Chandra Bose, scientist (1958)
Homi Bhaba (1996)
Sibnath Banerjee (1997)
Swami Brahmanand, Freedom fighter, member of parliament, social reformer (1997)
Basaveswara, Social reformer, From Karnataka (1997)
D.R. Bendre, Kannada Author and Jnanpith Award Winner (1998)
Sant Gadge Baba Religious philosopher, social reformer and saint (1998)
Tarashankar Bandopadhyay, Bangla Author and Jnanpith Award Winner (1998)
Raja Bhamashah(2000)
Rajarshi Bhagyachandra(2000)
Radha Gobinda Baruah(2000)
Chaudhary Brahm Parkash, Leader and former chief minister of Delhi (2001)
Bhagwan Baba, Ascetic, mystic and saint-poet (2002)
Kanika Bandopadhyay, Exponent of Rabindra Sangeet (2002)
Brajlal Biyani (2002)
Mukut Behari Bhargava (2003)
Harivansh Rai Bachchan, Hindi writer and poet (2003)
Allah Jilai Bai(2003)
Aacharya Bhikshu Founder of Jain Shwetambar Terapanth Sect (2004)
Neeraja Bhanot, Indian Flight Attendant and Ashok Chakra Winner (2004)
Panna Lal Barupal (2006)
S.D. Burman, Music composer and singer (2007)
Begum Hazrat Mahal (1984)
M. Bhaktavatsalam (2008)
Louis Braille (2009)
Vaikom Muhammad Basheer (2009)

William Carey, missionary
Subhadra Kumari Chauhan, poetess. (1976)
T.R. Chowdary, Freedom Fighter (1987)
Thakur Anukul Chandra (1987)
Chhatrasal, Bundela Ruler (1987)
Father Kuriakose Elias Chavara (1987)
Rajah Sir Muthiah Chettiar (1987)
Fryderyk Chopin, Music composer for the Piano (2001)
Arun Kumar Chanda(2000)
Jaglal Choudhary(2000)
Prithviraj Chauhan(2000)
M C Chagla, Jurist, judge, educationist, diplomat, Union Cabinet Minister and Statesman (2004)
Dheeran Chinnamalai (2005)
A.M.M. Murugappa Chettiar (2005)
Prabodh Chandra (2005)
R.M. Algappa Chettiar (2007)
S.B. Chavan, politician (2007)

Henri Dunant, Red Cross founder (1957)
W.M. Haffkine, Plague Vaccine formulator (1960)
Rukmini Devi Arundale (1987)
Nargis Dutt, actress and parliament member (1993)
Kunji Lal Dubey (1996)
D.B. Deodhar, Cricket Player (1996)
Hazari Prasad Dwivedi, Hindi author (1997)
Saint Dnyaneshwar (1997)
Baba Raghav Das, Ascetic, reformer and freedom fighter (1998)
Bishnu Dey, Bangla Author and Jnanpith Award Winner (1998)
Ashapurna Devi, Bangla Author and Jnanpith Award Winner (1998)
Lokanayak Omeo Kumar Das (1998)
P.L. Deshpande (2002)
Durga Das (2003)
Sant Eknath (2003)
C. D. Deshmukh (2004)
Guru Dutt, Director, actor and film producer (2004)
Jawaharlal Darda (2005)
Lala Deen Dayal (2006)

Edward VII of the United Kingdom (1902)
Albert Einstein, physicist (2005)

Lalan Fakir (2003)

Mahatma Gandhi (1948, 1998, 2001, 2005, 2007, 2008)
George V of the United Kingdom (1911)
George VI of the United Kingdom (1937)
Mirza Ghalib, poet (1953)
Sanjay Gandhi, (1981)
Indira Gandhi, Politician and Indian Prime Minister (1984, 1985)
Sagarmal Gopa, Freedom fighter (1986)
Guru Ghasidas, (1987)
Tyagamurti Goswami Ganeshdutt (1987)
Kasturba Gandhi (1996)
Shyam Lal Gupt 'Parshad' (1997)
Prof. V.K. Gokak, Kannada Author and Jnanpith Award Winner (1998)
Narayan Ganesh Goray (1998)
Sane Guruji, Socio/Political Development Leader (2001)
Aloysius Gonzaga (2001)
Babu Gulabrai, writer and philosopher (2002)
Santidev Ghose (2002)
Gora(2002)
Babu Gulabrai, Author (2002)
Bhaurao Krishnarao Gaikwad (2002)
Ghantsala, Playback singer and music director (2003)
B D Garware, Industrialist (2004)
Guru Dutt (2004)
Rajiv Gandhi (2004)
Gemini Ganesan (2006)
Ritwik Ghatak, Script writer and Film Director (2007)
D.R. Gadgil, Economist (2008)

Lala Hardayal, Freedom Fighter (1987)
Dr. Hiralal, (1987)
Dr. Zakir Husain (1998)
Matangini Hazra(2002)
Hafiz (2004)
Walchand Hirachand (2004)
Asrar Ul Haq 'Majaaz', Urdu Poet (2008)
Hemu Kalani

Dr. Masti V. Iyengar, Kannada Author and Jnanpith Award Winner (1998)
Dr. U.V. Swaminatha Iyer (2006)

Sir Phiroze Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy, financier, philanthropist (1959)
Sir William Jones (1997)
Dr. Jagdish Chandra Jain (1998)
Jhalkari Bai (2001)
Sant Santaji Jagnade Maharaj (2009)

Kabir, poet (1953, 2004)
Kalidasa, poet (1960)
Dhondo Keshav Karve, educator (1958)
Syed Ahmad Khan, Indian Muslim educator
Hakim Ajmal Khan, Freedom fighter (1987)
J. Krishnamurti (1987)
Dr. Kailash Nath Katju, Freedom fighter (1987)
Pandit Hridya Nath Kunzru, Freedom fighter (1987)
Abai Konunbaev (1996)
Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar (1998)
Syed Ahmad Khan (1998)
Vakkom Abdul Khader (1998)
Ustad Hafiz Ali Khan (2000)
T.T. Krishnamachari (2002)
Arran Kali(2002)
Bade Ghulam Ali Khan (2003)
Kusumagraj (2003)
Kishore Kumar(2003)
Hemant Kumar(2003)
G. Sankara Kurup(2003)
K. Shivarama Karanth,Kannada Author and Jnanpith Award Winner(2003)
S.L. Kirloskar (2003)
Tirupur Kumaran, Freedom fighter (2004)
Krishan Kant (2005)
Pratap Singh Kairon (2005)
Vi. Kalyanasundarnar (2005)
Mehboob Khan (2007)
Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi, mathematician, statistician, and polymath (2008)
Ustad Bismillah Khan, Shehnai maestro (2008)
Udumalai Narayan Kavi (2008)

Laxmibai, Rani of Jhansi (1957)
Harchand Singh Longowal, ()1987)
Madhu Limaye (1997)
Ram Manohar Lohia (1997)
Smt. Rukmini Lakshmipathi (1997)
V Lakshminarayana (2004)
V. Lakshminarayana (2004)
Nupee Lal (2004)
Narayan Meghaji Lokhande (2005)
Henning Holck-Larsen, cofounder of Larsen and Tubro (2008)
Abraham Lincoln (2008)
Martin Luther King (2008)

Madan Mohan Malaviya, educator (1961)
Meera, princess (1953)
Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (1986)
Vinoo Mankad, Cricket Player (1996)
Vijay Merchant, Cricket Player (1996)
Sri Ramana Maharshi (1998)
Balwantrai Mehta(2000)
Dr. Harekrushna Mahtab(2000)
B. P. Mandal (2001)
Giani Gurumukh Singh Musafir, Socio/Political Development Leader (2001)
Chandragupta Maurya (2001)
Dwarka Prasad Mishra (2001)
Syama Prasad Mookerjee, Nationalist (2001)
Anand Rishiji Maharaj (2002)
Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee(2002)
Muktai, Poet-saint (2003)
Kakaji Maharaj (2003)
Mukesh, Playback singer(2003)
Narendra Mohan (2003)
Murasoli Maran (2004)
A.V. Meiyappan (2006)
Pankaj Kumar Mullick (2006)
Madhubala, Film Actress (2008)
Field Marshal SHFJ Manekshaw, Indian Army Officer (2008)
Lord Mountbatten of Burma, last viceroy and first governor-general of India

Motilal Nehru, freedom leader (1961)
Rameshwari Nehru, Women's rights campaigner (1987)
Col. C.K. Nayudu, Cricket Player (1996)
Jawaharlal Nehru, Political Leader and the first Prime Minister of independent India (1997, 2005)
E.M.S. Namboodiripad, Socio/Political Development Leader (2001)
C. Sankaran Nair, Nationalist (2001)
U Kiang Nongbah, Nationalist (2001)
S. Nijalingappa, Ex chief minister Of Karnataka, Former of Modern Karnataka(2003)
Raj Narain (2007)
J. P. Naik (2007)
Rani Velu Nachchiyar (2008)
Kamala Nehru

Bipin Chandra Pal, freedom leader (1958)
Dr. K.V. Puttapa, The Great Kannada Author and Jnanpith Award Winner (1998)
Savitribai Phule (1998)
Maharaja Bijli Pasi (2000)
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit(2000)
Jagdev Prasad (2001)
Swami Pranavananda (2002)
Vithalrao Vikhe Patil (2002)
Govindaro Pansare (2003)
S.K. Pottekkatt(2003)
Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai(2003)
Marudhu Pandiar Brothers (2004)
Nanabhoy Palkhivala (2004)
Baji Rao Peshwa (2004)
P N Panicker (2004)
Panini (2004)
Kavimani Desiga Vinayagam Pillai (2005)
Ayothidhasa Pandithar (2005)
Devaneya Pavanar, Tamil author (2006)
L.V. Prasad, Film actor, producer and director (2006)
Manoharbhai Patel (2007)
Dr. B.P. Pal (2008)
Rajesh Pilot, politician (2008)
A.T. Paneerselvam (2008)
Sheikh Tambi Pavalar (2008)

Prafulla Chandra Roy, scientist (1961)
Veer Surendra Sai, Freedom fighter (1986)
M.N. Roy, Freedom Fighter (1987)
Rabindranath Tagore (1987)
Kotamaraju Rama Rao (1997)
Lt. Indra Lal Roy, Fighter Pilot, Distinguished Flying Cross (1998)
Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao (2000)
Sant Ravidas (2001)
N.G. Ranga, Socio/Political Development Leader (2001)
V.K. Rajwade (2003)
Mohammad Rafi(2003)
Dr S Roerich (2004)
Bimal Roy (2007)
Bishwanath Rai (2006)
Swami Rangnathananda Maharaj (2008)
T.V. Ramasubbaiyer (2008)
Bishnu Prasad Rabha (2009)

Chatrapati Shivaji, Maratha King (1961)
Surdas, poet and saint (1953)
Bhim Sen Sachar, Freedom fighter (1986)
Swami Sivananda (1986)
S. Satyamurti, Freedom fighter (1987)
Veer Narayan Singh, patriot (1987)
Nain Singh, pundit (2004)
Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, Saint (1967)
Alluri Sitaramaraju, Freedom fighter (1986)
Dr. Yellapragada Subbarow, The grate Mathematician from Karnataka (1995)
Giani Zail Singh (1995)
Muhammad Ismail Sahib (1996)
Sant Kavi Sunderdas (1997)
Bhaktivedanta Swami (1997)
Muhammed Abdurahiman Shahib (1998)
Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma (2000)
Raj Kumar Shukla (2000)
General Zorawar Singh(2000)
Basawon Singh (Sinha) (2000)
R. Srinivasan(2000)
Swami Sahajanand Saraswati (2000)
Swami Shraddhanand (1970)
Potti Sriramulu (2000)
Suraj Narain Singh (2001)
Yogendra Shukla, Freedom fighter and revolutionary (2001)
Baikunth Shukla, Freedom fighter and revolutionary (2001)
Jubba Sahni, Freedom fighter and revolutionary (2001)
Krishna Nath Sarmah, Nationalist (2001)
Samanta Chandra Sekhar (2001)
Thakur Satyananda (2002)
Chandraprabha Saikiani(2002)
Anna Bhau Sathe (2002)
Tipu Sultan, Sultan of Mysore and Freedom fighter (1974)
Janardan Swami (2003)
Swami Swaroopanandji (2003)
Major Somnath Sharma, Paramveer Chakra (2003)
Siddhar Swamigal (2004)
Indra Chandra Shastri (2004)
Radhanath Sikdar (2004)
Nain Singh (2004)
K Subrahmanyam (2004)
Bhagat Puran Singh (2004)
Bhaskara Sethupathy (2004)
Padampat Singhania (2005)
Madhavrao Scindia (2005)
Dr. T.S. Soundram (2005)
M. S. Subbulakshmi (2005)
NMR Subbaraman (2006)
M. Singaravelar (2006)
Ma Po Shivagnanam (2006)
Satyendra Narain Singh,freedom fighter & Bihar chief minister
V.G.Suryanarayana Sastriar, Tamil scholar and writer (2007)
Damodaram Sanjivayya, Politician and chief minister (2008)
Maharshi Bulusu Sambamurthy (2008)
Shri Shirdi Sai Baba, saint (2008)
Suraj Narain Singh

Purushottam Das Tandon, freedom fighter (1982)
Rabindranath Tagore, poet (1953, 1961)
J.R.D. Tata, industrialist (1958)
Thiruvalluvar, Tamil poet (1960)
Bal Gangadhar Tilak, independence leader (1956)
Tulsidas, poet and saint (1953)
Tyagaraja, musician (1961)
Tansen, Singer (1986)
P.M. Thevar (1995)
Pt. Omkarnath Thakur (1997)
Prabodhankar Thackeray (2002)
Sant Tukaram (2002)
Jamshedji Nusserwanji Tata, industrialist (2008)
Mother Teresa (2008)

Vaidyanatha Iyer, freedom fighter, Madurai, Tamilnadu (1999)[1]
Victoria of the United Kingdom (1854)
Visvesvarayya, The Great engineer and statesman from karnataka (1960)
Sardar A. Vedaratnam (1998)
Pandit Suryanarayan Vyas, Author (2002)
Vaidyaratnam P.S. Varier, Founder of Arya Vaidya Sala, Kottakkal (2002)
S. S. Vasan (2004)
Randhir Prasad Verma, Superintendent of Police and Ashok Chakra Winner (2004)
Tenneti Viswanatham (2004)
Thirumuruga Kirubananda Variyar (2006)
G. Varadaraj (2006)
Saint Vallalar (2007)
Thillaiyadi Valliammai (2008)

Ram Sewak Yadav(1997)
Sheel Bhadra Yajee(2001)
Yashpal(2003)

Bartholomaeus Ziegenbalg, Missionary (2006)
 

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Average annual temperatures across India:

 

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