Hyder Ali/Tippu Thread

[Tolaha]

This thread has the looks of an interesting thread. But could very well go down the drain. Not if the members participate with an open mind receptive to ideas that maybe contrary to what they always believed in.

Tipu tried to emulate his father but he was far too radical & not pragmatic enough. He could not form successful coalitions against his foes, instead everyone else ganged up against him, which speaks volumes about his statecraft. Anyway, his ideas & vision was excessively regressive & it was in everyone's interest that he was done away with.

Regarding the bolded statement, let me try to explain.

Tipu hated the British. Ofcourse, he may have hated them almost as he hated the Marathas for example. But for argument sake, for every action that he took, lets try to see them in this light of his hatred of the British and see if we can find answers.


1. The Dutch sided with the British. So they are enemies.

2. The Portuguese were against the British. There you go... lets make them close allies.

3. With the British being mortal enemies, Hyder/Tipu had to attack the allies of the enemy, which the Travancore kings were. Gives easy access for the British ships to the important navigational sea lanes. Strike them whenever possible and make them suffer. Try to create conditions that result in increasing the stake for Travancore in remaining as allies of the British.

4. Mangalore under British control. Needs to be controlled for easy access to the sea to import arms and for trade in general. Having complete control of Mangalore also makes you less dependant on the Portuguese, who may be allies, but we all know are religious fundoos. Take assistance from the Portuguese in Goa to achieve goals. Portuguese insist that the Christians in Mangalore (who followed a different brand of Christianity that they despised) be slaughtered. Tipu manages to satisfy his allies without actually committing a genocide. Roman Catholics of Mangalore bore the brunt, simply because they supported a team different than his own.

5. Nizam. Co-religionist. Should be easy to convince (duh!) to come over to Tipu's side. And if they don't, shouldnt be too tough to beat them into shape, the Nizam being militarily weak.

6. Marathas. Powerful. The major power in fact. If Tipu had a pan-India ambition, Marathas would be the major road block (and vice versa to a lesser degree perhaps). Marathas had allied with Nizams to beat Mysore earlier. Result was a stalemate but in favour of the Marathas. So, in an Anglo-Mysore war, whom would the Marathas support? The Marathas did what was quite a logical thing to do in those times. Lets not judge based on hindsight.

How would you have handled this better than Tipu?

Yes, there are also accounts/reports of them esp tippu forcefully torturing and converting large number of hindus esp in kerala to islam. He even has claimed to convert lakhs of hindus to islam in a letter written/signed by him. Tippu has even acted harshly on mangalore catholic community.

Captivity of Mangalorean Catholics at Srirangapattana

The worst of the numbers, from both the Muslim and the Christian sources, has to be grossly exaggerated, as they dont add up if you consider the population estimates.

Both of them were not acceptable. I only stated a military point of view.

Between the two, Hyder was blessed with better military-acumen & tactical abilities. Also, he was less of a maniac than Tipu was.

Tipu did some correspondence with Napolean but that did not amount to much on the ground. In fact, Hyder was already co-operating with the French even before Tipu. It has been a long tradition in the erstwhile Deccan. Even Vijaynagar empire employed a few of them & Portugese.

British did the right thing in finishing-off Tipu (though, British gave of him lot of leeway in earlier wars).

I'm not sure I understand your bolded statement and the one in brackets especially. Just FYI, Tipu has been regarded by many as to have caused the most amount of fear in the British. Opinions may be biased but so are stock prices, as it was the level of humiliation caused by Mysore kingdom that resulted in record crash in the stock price commanded by the East India company in the London exchange. Rumors were that it was the beginning of the end of East India company.

 

[nrupatunga]

I couldn't find any instances of rocket use in British India after the Haider-Tipu episode.
Reasons might be two :
a) Time.
Putting aside for a while the option of adopting new technology - it takes time if you want to work around a new completely technology.
For example the open field light cavalry maneuvers against artillery. It took some time before the native cavalries learned how to ditch artillery fire.
The British had soon after got most of India under their control any way.
Further more, typical to the divided Indian house .. Tipu wouldn't have thought of sharing the technology with any other Kingdoms even in the worst of his mightmares.
Needless to say, that upon sweeping into Srirangapattanam the British would also censor any access for native Kingdoms to such Technology. They took it and honed it for themselves.
b) Attitude.
The native Indian states with long term agrarian and sedentary background weren't agile enough to move along with changes like alien technological advancements. Contemporary beliefs and ideologies were out of synch with these changes and didn't pay attention. More so, some were against adopting such technologies.
The same tendency is arrived at when we look at other but related questions .. why did the Indians continously fail to spy on foreign areas when people like Mahmud had proper operational Spying department for infiltrating into places like India?

WRT to attitude, maybe yes. But wrt to time i would like to disagree. Rockets were used during 2nd anglo-mysore war itself. this is around 1780. And tippu was defeated in 1799. this is atleast 2 decades before british could "seal off" military tech for the natives. If not one indian powers noticed this and tried to implement within their own armies it really shows the attitude part of of your answer. Really sad, maybe this is happening even now.

Haider and Tipu were rulers at the end of the day. Some are more humane, some are cruel, others are cunning. As for the actions of the father son duo, we know what K M Panicker and William Kirkpatrick, have unearthed in many of Tipu's letters. No use going there again and again.
The Father-Son did whatever they had to do in order to save their seats. If diplomacy and caressing the Hindus on some occasions suits the agenda so be it. If it needed the use of Ghazi swords in cutting innumerable heads, still not a problem.

Are you saying that the father/son duo were cunning, as they used diplomacy and caressing the hindus to save their seats?? But why would tippu who was a ghazi send army to protect sringeri mutt which was raided/plundered by peshwas. Wasn't this a good pr movement to foster conversions in the region. Also when you mentioned that "no use going there again and again". has these been discussed in dfi?? I thought that there wasn't a thread on them. If already been discussed on DFI, please move them here, or move this thread over there. So as to maintain continuity.

I somehow feel, these two esp tippu was a very very controversial figures. Wherein either sides of spectrum (hardcore islamists/hindus) overlooking the economic/military side of hyder/tippu to celebrate or denounce their "ghazi" ness..

 

[nrupatunga]

Tipu has been regarded by many as to have caused the most amount of fear in the British. Opinions may be biased but so are stock prices, as it was the level of humiliation caused by Mysore kingdom that resulted in record crash in the stock price commanded by the East India company in the London exchange. Rumors were that it was the beginning of the end of East India company.

Never knew the bolded bit
[

 

[civfanatic]

I also think it is incorrect to group Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan with foreigner invaders like Mahmud of Ghazni, just because they shared the same religion.

Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan were not foreigners, but were born and raised in South India and had South Indian ancestry. They were both fluent in Kannada and continued to use it in their administrations. Nor did Hyder Ali "invade" Mysore; he actually served under Krishnaraja Wadiyar II and rose up the ranks of the Mysorean military and administration, eventually receiving the jagir of Bangalore in recognition of his service.

 

[LordOfTheUnderworlds]

I would see this through religious prism. These guys tried their experiment of creating Islamic sultanate at wrong time.

Firstly mysore was Hindu state and the legitimate rulers were wodeyars; it existed long before hyder ali/tippu and it existed after them. hyder Ali was employed as general by weak mysore rulers, but these dad-son tried to act smart and started calling themselves sultans.
It would be understandable if they did this two centuries before because that was the time of Islamic dominance when Muslims (i.e. central Asian warlords; not native converted kameen class) had made their place as ruling class in large parts of india, and farsi was the language of administration. but by the 18th century, native religion/s had reasserted its dominance and Muslims were no longer ruling community except perhaps in their nostalgic fantacies. Whatever Muslim rulers were present, they were remnants of earlier era of Islamic rule, and paid tributes to the dominant power (mostly to some maratha sardar or Peshwa). Off course, different warlords in india kept fighting each others, and Muslim rulers employed Hindu administrators and Hindu rulers employed Muslim soldiers and everyone bought arms from French and British etc etc, but this was the general pattern; Islamic dominance was already finished, and remaining local Muslim rulers had to pay tributes to assert who is the boss.

Now in such times, if a new and illegitimate ruler, that too a Muslim, tries to act too independent and ambitious, someone had to show them their place, it was a matter of time. If they were too ambitious, maybe they should have converted to native faith and tried to gain acceptance and legitimacy, and expand their rule; or else they were doomed anyway. AFAIK, marathas helped British to finish off tippu.

 

[civfanatic]

Now in such times, if a new and illegitimate ruler, that too a Muslim, tries to act too independent and ambitious, someone had to show them their place, it was a matter of time. If they were too ambitious, maybe they should have converted to native faith and tried to gain acceptance and legitimacy, and expand their rule; or else they were doomed anyway. AFAIK, marathas helped British to finish off tippu.

Yes, they did, but so did the Nizam of Hyderabad, a co-religionist of Tipu. Hyderabad State, the Marathas, and the British all fought against Mysore in both the Third and Fourth Anglo-Mysore Wars, and in both wars, Hyderabad gained much land and power at Tipu's expense. So, in this case, the religious prism alone cannot adequately explain the actions taken by state and non-state actors of 18th century India.

Nor was legitimacy a huge issue. If anything, the Nizam of Hyderabad was the most illegitimate ruler in South India. The first Nizam, Kamaruddin Asaf Jah, was a Mughal nobleman from Central Asia who had established a private empire in the Deccan following the collapse of central imperial authority in Delhi. The culture and administration of the Nizams was totally foreign to the region, unlike that of Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan. He and his successors represented the last of the Persianized Central Asian rulers of India, ruling much of the Deccan until 1948.

All this did not matter, however, because the Nizam did not upset the existing feudal structure of South Indian society, and was thus preferred by the local Hindu landlords and zamindars in the region. They benefited immensely from the status quo preserved by the British and their vassals, which allowed aristocrats (both high and low) to continue to exploit the peasantry and grow rich at their expense. Thus, the Nizam of Hyderabad could become the richest man in the world with a fortune of over $30 billion, while the vast majority of his subjects were impoverished and lived in medieval conditions. The natural outcome of this institutionalized exploitation, was the Telangana peasant rebellion in the 1940s, which led to the collapse of Hyderabad State.

The government of Mysore under Hyder Ali and especially Tipu Sultan represented a break with the long-standing practice of feudalism. Hyder Ali and Tipu reigned in the zamindars and centralized the Mysorean government, extending direct administration to the local level on a scale that was not seen in the Nizam's or Peshwa's dominions. The subjugation of the zamindars and this extension of government to the rural areas had largely positive effects for Mysore, as can be discerned by the reports of foreign travelers on the prevailing conditions of Tipu's subjects (which I posted earlier in this thread). Naturally, however, many of the zamindars, local village headmen, and rural aristocrats were opposed to Tipu's centralizing and anti-feudal policies, which greatly diminished their own power and influence. It thus comes to no surprise that the aristocratic ruling class were the greatest supporters of the British Raj, and would have preferred to remain under their sovereignty ad infinitum if they were given the choice. It also comes to no surprise that actors as different as the Nizam of Hyderabad, the East India Company, and the Maratha Peshwa all found common ground in resisting Mysore, as they all had an interest in preserving the existing sociopolitical system of South India and the Deccan.

 

[Simple_Guy]

But why would tippu who was a ghazi send army to protect sringeri mutt which was raided/plundered by peshwas.

Never knew this. Looking it uo in Google books.

 

[LordOfTheUnderworlds]

Yes, they did, but so did the Nizam of Hyderabad, a co-religionist of Tipu. Hyderabad State, the Marathas, and the British all fought against Mysore in both the Third and Fourth Anglo-Mysore Wars, and in both wars, Hyderabad gained much land and power at Tipu's expense. So, in this case, the religious prism alone cannot adequately explain the actions taken by state and non-state actors of 18th century India.

Nor was legitimacy a huge issue. If anything, the Nizam of Hyderabad was the most illegitimate ruler in South India. The first Nizam, Kamaruddin Asaf Jah, was a Mughal nobleman from Central Asia who had established a private empire in the Deccan following the collapse of central imperial authority in Delhi. The culture and administration of the Nizams was totally foreign to the region, unlike that of Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan. He and his successors represented the last of the Persianized Central Asian rulers of India, ruling much of the Deccan until 1948.

All this did not matter, however, because the Nizam did not upset the existing feudal structure of South Indian society, and was thus preferred by the local Hindu landlords and zamindars in the region. They benefited immensely from the status quo preserved by the British and their vassals, which allowed aristocrats (both high and low) to continue to exploit the peasantry and grow rich at their expense. Thus, the Nizam of Hyderabad could become the richest man in the world with a fortune of over $30 billion, while the vast majority of his subjects were impoverished and lived in medieval conditions. The natural outcome of this institutionalized exploitation, was the Telangana peasant rebellion in the 1940s, which led to the collapse of Hyderabad State.

The government of Mysore under Hyder Ali and especially Tipu Sultan represented a break with the long-standing practice of feudalism. Hyder Ali and Tipu reigned in the zamindars and centralized the Mysorean government, extending direct administration to the local level on a scale that was not seen in the Nizam's or Peshwa's dominions. The subjugation of the zamindars and this extension of government to the rural areas had largely positive effects for Mysore, as can be discerned by the reports of foreign travelers on the prevailing conditions of Tipu's subjects (which I posted earlier in this thread). Naturally, however, many of the zamindars, local village headmen, and rural aristocrats were opposed to Tipu's centralizing and anti-feudal policies, which greatly diminished their own power and influence. It thus comes to no surprise that the aristocratic ruling class were the greatest supporters of the British Ra, and would have preferred to remain under their sovereignty ad infinitum if they were given the choice. It also comes to no surprise that actors as different as the Nizam of Hyderabad, the East India Company, and the Maratha Peshwa all found common ground in resisting Mysore, as they all had an interest in preserving the existing sociopolitical system of South India and the Deccan.

I am not disputing any of this and can't comment on the tippu's administration etc, but here I just want to point out that a new Islamic ruler like Tippu, getting too ambitious for power, and showing Islamist tendencies like mass conversions in Malabar, was a misfit for the era he lived in, and there is a religious angle to it.

Mysore was paying tribute to Marathas since long time; even Qutubshah of Golkonda/Hyderabad paid annual tributes to Shivaji.
I doubt the wars had to do anything about local socio-economic/feudal structure. It was more about asserting who's the big boss. Marathas in later half of their era, didn't bother much about local level administration, as long as their dominance (political or religious) was not threatened and they received their tributes/ share in taxes.
East India company, having become global player already, had much wider view, Indian rulers vision was limited to subcontinent and they probably didn't realize what the European trading company was upto and that political/economic structure of whole world was changing.
As for Nizams, they were remnants of bygone era, were good at judging which direction wind is blowing, and survived by being good opportunists and adjusting themselves to dominant powers and enriching their personal treasury as you explained.

 

[nrupatunga]

I am not disputing any of this and can't comment on the tippu's administration etc, but here I just want to point out that a new Islamic ruler like Tippu, getting too ambitious for power, and showing Islamist tendencies like mass conversions in Malabar, was a misfit for the era he lived in, and there is a religious angle to it.

Mysore was paying tribute to Marathas since long time; even Qutubshah of Golkonda/Hyderabad paid annual tributes to Shivaji.
I doubt the wars had to do anything about local socio-economic/feudal structure. It was more about asserting who's the big boss. Marathas in later half of their era, didn't bother much about local level administration, as long as their dominance (political or religious) was not threatened and they received their tributes/ share in taxes.
East India company, having become global player already, had much wider view, Indian rulers vision was limited to subcontinent and they probably didn't realize what the European trading company was upto and that political/economic structure of whole world was changing.
As for Nizams, they were remnants of bygone era, were good at judging which direction wind is blowing, and survived by being good opportunists and adjusting themselves to dominant powers and enriching their personal treasury as you explained.

WRT plundering of enemy lands by victorious armies was not new nor restricted to few. Though however sad and unfortunate it was but it was in a way "normal" then. Peshwas also had some understanding with pindaris for raiding/looting lands. Some pindari leaders were muslims as well.

But yes conversions are different, under tippu forceful conversions did happen esp in kerala.

Also when you say the below thing

East India company, having become global player already, had much wider view, Indian rulers vision was limited to subcontinent and they probably didn't realize what the European trading company was upto and that political/economic structure of whole world was changing.

Actually there was some thinking by indian powers around 1780's to unite and fight british. But british diplomacy didn't allow this to happen and also there was too much differences between leaders that they failed to unite.

 

[Tolaha]

--- Duplicate post ---

 

[Tolaha]

But why would tippu who was a ghazi send army to protect sringeri mutt which was raided/plundered by peshwas.
nrupatunga

Never knew this. Looking it uo in Google books.

How about hearing this directly from the horse's mouth? Do note the name of the website.

Sri Sacchidananda Bharati III (1770 - 1814) | Sringeri Sharada Peetham

Hyder-Ali demonstrated his profound respect for the new Jagadguru by directing his ministers to render all assistance to the Mutt.

Tipu, who succeeded Hyder, was opposed by the Marathas, the Nizam and the British. In the course of the campaigns of the Third Mysore War (1790 - 1792), Parasuram Bhau marched on Bednur. His hosts commanded by a Patwardan foolishly plundered Sringeri. In the letter commiserating the Acharya, Tipu wrote, "People who sin against such a holy place will at no distant date suffer the consequences of their misdeeds. Treachery to the Gurus will lead to all round ruin of the family." He aided in the restoration of the temple and the re-consecration of the image of Sri Sharada.

On several occasions Tipu sought the blessings of the Acharya. He once wrote that he depended upon three sources of the strength - God's grace, the Jagadguru's blessings and the strength of his arms. He requested the Acharya to perform Satachandi and Sahasrachandi japa and homa. In the subsequent letter the Sultan acknowledged the miraculous effects of the Yaga that led to success in his enterprise and how rains poured and the land flourished.

The Acharya decided to go to Poona to seek redress for the spoliation of the Mutt. Tipu invited him to Srirangapatnam before proceeding to Poona. Not having heard from the Acharya for a long time after he reached Poona, Tipu requested in a letter expressing his conviction that wherever a godly personage like Acharya stayed, there was sure to be prosperity. After returning to Sringeri, the Acharya set out on a pilgrimage to Tirupati, and other holy places. While the Acharya was at Kanchi, Tipu requested him to bless his charities to the temples there and work of renovating the temples partly destroyed during his father's campaigns.

Tipu even desired to make a pilgrimage to Sringeri, but the desire was not fulfilled. Between 1791 and 1798 Tipu wrote twenty-nine letters to the Acharya, and every one of them breathed the high veneration he had for the latter.

Apparently, the head of Sringeri Sharadha Peetha, established by the Adi Shankara himself, had a better opinion about a Muslim ruler, claimed by some as a Gaazi than the head of a kingdom founded by a man who some claim to be the ultimate Hindu. History is fun!

 

[Tolaha]

Tipu's letter to Shankaracharya (head of Sringeri Matha)

A Sringeri letter : The three sources of strength of Tipu Sultan | The Seringapatam Times

This letter was written by Tipu on Wednesday, June 24th, 1795 (8th day of the dark half of Jyestha, Raksasa Samvata of the Hindu calendar) in Kannada and bore at the top, his round emblem with tiger stripes. The letter begins with a salaam to the Guru.

Tipu says that he depends on 3 sources of strength ('Mooru Bala' in Kannada).
The first being the belief that God is merciful ('Eeshwara Dayapurnavagide' in Kannada).
The second being the blessings of teachers like the Shankaracharya ('Nimmantha Gurugala Ashirvada' in Kannada).
The third being the prowess of arms ('Ayudhabala' in kannada).

Tipu believed that God is merciful and will come to the aid of those who go to him, pray to him, seek his aid. So belief in a higher being if important. But, it by itself is not enough.

Tipu also believed that along with God's mercy, the blessings of one's teachers, elders is also important. One cannot not be blessed unless he follows on the right path set by his elders. But, this blessing by itself is not enough.

And finally, Tipu believes that mere faith in God and the good wishes of one's elders is not enough. The most important component of any successful enterprise will be the strength in one's own arms, self confidence and independence.

Tipu ends the letter with the gift of a crystalline Linga to the Guru and a request to the Guru to worship it. The letter ends with Tipu Sultan's seal and signature.

Sir Walter Scott on the event of abdication of Napolean (from wiki):

Although I never supposed that he (Napoleon) possessed, allowing for some difference of education, the liberality of conduct and political views which were sometimes exhibited by old Hyder Ali, yet I did think he might have shown the same resolved and dogged spirit of resolution which induced Tipu Sahib to die manfully upon the breach of his capital city with his sabre clenched in his hand.

 

[nrupatunga]

How about hearing this directly from the horse's mouth? Do note the name of the website.

Sri Sacchidananda Bharati III (1770 - 1814) | Sringeri Sharada Peetham

I was about to post the same. You beat me here.

Tolaha: howdu, ishtu dina pattene irlilla.

 

[nrupatunga]

I am currently reading "White Mughals" by William Dalrymple, so why this thread then?? Its because the main protagonist of the book James Kirkpatrick is none other than the younger brother of Willaim Kirkpatrick . And this willaim is none other than the favourite of tippu critics.

From the book, one can say that William though having spent most of early life in india (or rather large part of his active life) though being born in England, he disliked india/Indians much. He also had lot of issues when he was resident in Maratha(scindia) camp. He just didn't get along with scindia as well. He started his soldier life in 1771 in madras presidency, so he most probably(book is silent on this) had taken part in 2nd anglo-mysore war.

The only place where William had better relations with local rulers was when he was the british resident in nizam kingdom. The book does say that the brothers (james and William) had different opinion on tippu. James was part of the british army during the 3rd anglo-mysore war. Though even james thought tippu as the enemy but accepted/acknowledged tippus "skill in arms" of which is witness of various defeats and reverses which britsh had to suffer against mysore army over a period of time. The author says that this was the "unusual" among his compatriots.

Anyways coming to the wiliam, William authored his book on tippu faraway in England where he was leading retired life in around 1810. Also the main source of his book was the various letters of tippu which james had sent him post the 4th and final anglo-mysore war. By then james was the british resident at nizam court. James had collected various letters from the nizam army which had participated in 4ht anglo-mysore war. James had sent him the documents to William in 1801 just before William retired to England. Even james acknowledges that he had actually thrown away much of the documents which was salvaged from the burning tippu's palace in srirangapattana. The documents were mainly thrown away as they were occupying lot of office space in Hyderabad.

So now we can assume that coupled with william's dislike to india (that too with against tippu) and with incomplete set of documents, the ensuing book was in some ways "corrupted" and bore more of the authors dislike than a neutral depiction of tippu.

But yes, critics are correct in questioning various actions by hyder/tippu. Also at the same moment one should not forget the various pro-people acts of theirs. But will either side( "seculars" and "hindutvavadis of extreme right". Notice i have used both groups in quotes.) ever agree to each others pov?? Somehow i doubt that will happen.

 

[kseeker]

@nrupatunga,

You might want to read a kannada master piece by S.L. Bhairappa, "Aavarana" !

SLB's elucidations on Moghuls, Tippu, South Indian Muslim rulers are an eye opener for sure. He has cited the different history book references as well to prove the facts.

Hyderali and Tippu were portrayed as Patriots, brave :blah: :blah: :blah: in primary school text books to appease a particular community however, they were in fact a different people altogether.

The history what we had studied in school is not the actual history, it' was a propaganda, in fact the propaganda is being spewed all over even today.

As SLB quotes " "if we don't study history, it repeats " !

 

[nrupatunga]

@kseeker saar nanu avarana odiddene. jotege sadyakke byrappa's 'parva' odta iddene. munde avara "sartha" pustaka odbeku anta iddene

If i recall correctly, in the book avarana there is mention of aurangzeb rule and how hindus were persecuted then. Also there is parallel contemporary story. More than the previous rulers, in the book byrappa has actually exposed the left liberal vested interest in the "system". Also as you mentioned, he has given all the references in the book. A must read book. Also since this book has been translated to various languages also hindi. I request all the people to read this book.

For folks who are not aware of S.L. Bhyrappa. Here's an article in outlook magazine about the rivalry between two of literary giants of kannada literature.
A Storyteller In Search Of An Ending


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

But now coming to topic.
I have never accepted blindly the "narrative" put out by "system" on hyder/tippu. They have their own minuses. They did display streaks of their "ghazi"ness. The example of their actions in kerala is for everyone to see. Also their actions in mangaluru. But they are also the same people who were secular as in they did leave out religion out of statecraft. They showered gifts to temples etc.

But their greatest plus (contributions) are towards bringing in technology to warfare, building the economy. The quality of weaponry from the foundries of mysore were very similar to european ones. And innovations like mysore rockets are to not forgotten. It seems maybe Hyder/tippu really tried to please everyone by being both progressive&secular and the same time blinded by religion, and ended up pleasing none. Maybe the most controversial personalities in past 200-250 years of indian history.

 

[kseeker]

@kseeker saar nanu avarana odiddene. jotege sadyakke byrappa's 'parva' odta iddene. munde avara "sartha" pustaka odbeku anta iddene

:thumb:

If i recall correctly, in the book avarana there is mention of aurangzeb rule and how hindus were persecuted then.

Not just Aurangzeb but also Tippu IIRC, I read that book in 2007/8 I beleive.

But now coming to topic.
It seems maybe Hyder/tippu really tried to please everyone by being both progressive&secular and the same time blinded by religion, and ended up pleasing none.

Progressive and secular :shocked: I wouldn't use those words when talking about father-son duo.

Here's a document which I came across...

Doc Link

WAKE UP....APPEASEMENT DOES NOT HELP

Tipu Sultan was another Warlord like Prophet Muhammad but armed with more modern weapons, and was in a killing spree of lakhs of Hindus- Nairs and Namboodiri Brahmins and converting the rest on the sport by making them eat beef and circumcision. Others were hung on roadside trees.
Tippu's son in his memoirs states he could not ride his horse for miles from Tellicherry to Calicut as most of the surfaced road weovered by corpses of Hindu-s killed by Tippu.

If you desire I'll post more authentic articles taken from British Historians/ Collectors of their first hand account from archives of Travancore State, now part of Kerala

RELIGIOUS INTOLERANCE OF TIPU SULTAN

LATE P.C.N. RAJA

INTRODUCTION

Tipu Sultan had, ruled his kingdom only for sixteen-and- a-half years, from December 7, 1782 to May 4, 1799. The territory of Malabar was under his effective control only for a short period of eight years. If he had not secured the assistance of the wily Purnaiyya, there would not have been so many Muhammadans in the states of Kerala and Karnataka. Hindus also would not have become less prosperous, and fewer in number.
When that Brahmin Prime Minister, Purnaiyya, presented to Tipu Sultan 90,000 soldiers, three crore rupees, and invaluable ornaments made of precious stones, he was tempted to rule as the Emperor of the South India . Tipu did not consider the Hindu rulers of Maharashtra , Coorg and Travancore or the Muslim ruler Nizam as impediments. He was afraid of only the British. He had convinced himself that he could easily become the Emperor of South India if he could somehow vanquish the British. Because of his intense anti-British attitude, the so-called progressive and secular historians have made a vain attempt to paint Tipu Sultan as a great national hero.

Opposition to foreign powers need not always be due to love for one's country. To achieve his selfish goal and to face the British forces, Tipu Sultan sought the assistance of another foreign power, the French, who were manoeuvring to establish their own domination in the country. How is it possible, therefore, for Tipu Sultan to be an enemy of foreign forces when he himself had sought help from Napoleon who was then a prisoner in St. Helena Island and also the French King, Louis XVI?

Besides, he also wanted to establish Islamic rule in the country; to achieve that he had to first defeat the British. For this purpose, Tipu Sultan solicited the assistance of Muslim countries like Persia , Afghanistan and Turkey . It is true that Tipu did not harm the Raja of Cochin or anyone for that matter who surrendered and pledged loyalty to him. But how does that make him a friend of Hindus?

Tipu and the Nizam were the only Muslim rulers in the Deccan at that time and hence he wanted to avoid any dispute with the Nizam. He insisted that the Nizam should agree to give his daughter in marriage to his son.. But the Nizam, considering Tipu as an upstart with no aristocratic heredity, refused the offer. (According to Bhagwan Gidwani, Hyder Ali Khan had suggested earlier to the Nizam that he should agree to the marriage of his daughter to the young Tipu, then in his teens.) As if to spite the Nizam, Tipu Sultan got another of his sons married to the daughter of Arackal Bibi of Cannanore mainly to secure the loyalty of Malabar Muslims for subjugating the entire Malabar region. The result was for everybody to see in due course. It may be noted that the family of Arackal Bibi, though converted to Islam, followed the matriarchal system a system which the Muslim fanatic, Tipu, wanted to reform.

HE WANTED TO BE A PADISHAH

He wanted to become an Emperor after defeating the British. He wanted to achieve his ambition after consulting the astrologers. There were a few Brahmin astrologers in Sree Ranganatha Swami Temple . They predicted that if some of the suggested remedial rituals were performed, Tipu would achieve his cherished ambition. Believing that he could become the undisputed ruler of the whole of South India, after defeating the British, he performed all the suggested rituals in the Sree Ranaganatha Swami Temple , besides giving costly presents to the astrologers. This act is being widely interpreted by secularist historians as love and respect for Hindu religion and traditions! They also doubt if there were any Hindu temples which were desecrated or destroyed by Tipu Sultan and his Islamic army in Malabar.

The reputed historian, Lewis Rice, who wrote the History of Mysore after going through various official records, stated as follows: "In the vast empire of Tipu Sultan on the eve of his death, there were only two Hindu temples having daily pujas within the Sreerangapatanam fortress. It is only for the satisfaction of the Brahmin astrologers who used to study his horoscope that Tipu Sultan had spared those two temples. The entire wealth of every Hindu temple was confiscated before 1790 itself mainly to make up for the revenue loss due to total prohibition in the country."

There are people who proclaim to the world that Tipu Sultan's rule was fair and progressive in his own state of Mysore . It would be appropriate to have a look at what a Mysorean, M.A. Gopal Rao, stated a few years ago in one of his articles: 'In a deliberately designed taxation scheme, the religious prejudice of Tipu Sultan became quite clear. His co-religionists, Muslims, were exempted from house tax, commodity tax and also the levy on other items of household use. Those who were converted to Muhammadanism, were also given similar tax exemptions. He had even made provisions for the education of their children. Tipu Sultan discontinued the practice of appointing Hindus in different administrative and military jobs as practised by his father, Hyder Ali Khan, in the past. He had deep hatred towards all non-Muslims. During the entire period of sixteen years of his regime, Purnaiyya was the only Hindu who had adorned the post of Dewan or minister under Tipu Sultan. In 1797 (two years before his death) among the 65 senior Government posts, not even a single Hindu was retained. All the Mustadirs were also Muslims. Among the 26 civil and military officers captured by the British in 1792 there were only 6 non-Muslims. In 1789, when the Nizam of Hyderabad and other Muslim rulers decided that only Muslims would be appointed henceforth in all Government posts, Tipu Sultan also adopted the same policy in his Mysore State . Just because they were Muslims, even those who were illiterate and inefficient, were also appointed to important Government posts. Even for getting promotions, one still had to be a Muslim under Tipu Sultan's regime. Considering the interest and convenience of only Muslim officers, all the records relating to tax revenue, were ordered to be written in Persian rather than in Marathi and Kannada as followed earlier. He even tried to make Persian the State language in place of Kannada. In the end all the Government posts were filled by lazy and irresponsible Muslims. As a consequence the people had to suffer a great deal because of those fun-seeking and irresponsible Muslim officers.. The Muslim officers, occupying important posts at all levels, were all dishonest and unreliable persons. Even when people complained to him with evidences against those officers, Tipu Sultan did not care to inquire about the complaints lodged."

EVEN THE PLACE-NAMES WERE CHANGED

Gopal Rao had written all these on the basis of the writings of Tipu's own son, Ghulam Muhammad, and Muslim historians like Kirmani. Even the Hindu names of places, the Sultan could not tolerate. Therefore, Mangalapuri (Mangalore) was changed to Jalalabad, Cannanore (Kanwapuram) to Kusanabad, Bepur (Vaippura) to Sultanpatanam or Faruqui, Mysore to Nazarabad, Dharwar to Quarshed-Sawad, Gooty to Faiz-Hissar, Ratnagiri to Mustafabad, Dindigul to Khaliqabad, and Calicut (Kozhikode) to Islamabad. It was after the death of Tipu Sultan that the local people reverted to old names.

ISLAMIC ATROCITIES IN COORG, BEDNUR, AND MANGALORE

The cruelties which Tipu Sultan committed in Coorg, has no parallel in history. On one occasion, he forcibly converted over ten thousand Hindus to Muhammadanism. On another occasion he captured and converted to Islam more than one thousand Hindu Coorgis before imprisoning them in the Sreerangapatanam fortress. In the period of confusion and anarchy prevailing in Sreerangapatanam during the last war of Tipu Sultan against the British, all the Coorgi prisoners escaped from the prison and became Hindus again after reaching their native kingdom. Against the solemn oath given to the Raja of Coorg, Tipu Sultan forcibly abducted a young princess from the Coorg royal family and made her his wife against her will.
The atrocities committed by Tipu Sultan in Bidnur in North Karnataka during and after its capture by him, were most barbarous and beyond description. Ayaz Khan who was Kammaran Nambiar from Chirackal Kingdom before his forcible conversion to Islam by Hyder Ali Khan, had been appointed as Governor of Bidnur. Tipu Sultan was jealous of and opposed to Ayaz Khan from the very beginning because Hyder Ali Khan had considered the latter more intelligent and smart. When Ayaz Khan learnt that Tipu Sultan was scheming to kill him secretly, he escaped to Bombay with plenty of gold. Tipu Sultan came to Bednur and forcibly converted its entire population to Islam. The people accepted Islam for the sake of their lives.
After the capture of Mangalore, thousands of Christians were also forcibly sent to Sreerangapatanam where all of them were circumcised and converted to Islam. Tipu Sultan's justification was that during the Portuguese domination, prior to the arrival of the British, many Muslims had been converted to Christianity by their Missionaries. He proudly proclaimed his action as a sort of punishment for the conversion of many Muslims by the Portuguese.
Then he marched upto Kumbla on the northern borders of Kerala, forcibly converting to Islam every Hindu on the way. This time, his argument (repeated by the Muslim and secularist historians of today) was that if all belonged to one religion - Muhammadanism - there would be unity and consequently it would be easy to defeat the British!

INSIDE MALABAR

In Malabar, the main target of Tipu Sultan's atrocities were Hindus and Hindu temples. According to Lewis B. Boury, the atrocities committed by Tipu Sultan against Hindus in Malabar were worse and more barbarous than those committed against the Hindus in Hindustan by the notorious Mahmud of Ghazni, Alauddin Khalji, and Nadir Shah. He disputes in his book Mukherjee's version that Tipu Sultan had converted only his opponents. Normally even a cruel person kills or tortures only his enemies. But that argument does not justify the cruelties committed by him against innocent women and children.

DANCE OF THE ISLAMIC SATAN

According to the Malabar Manual of William Logan who was the District Collector for some time, Thrichambaram and Thalipparampu temples in Chirackal Taluqa, Thiruvangatu Temple (Brass Pagoda) in Tellicherry, and Ponmeri Temple near Badakara were all destroyed by Tipu Sultan. The Malabar Manual mention that the Maniyoor mosque was once a Hindu temple. The local belief is that it was converted to a mosque during the days of Tipu Sultan.

Vatakkankoor Raja Raja Varma in his famous literary work, History of Sanskrit Literature in Kerala, has written the following about the loss and destruction faced by the Hindu temples in Kerala during the military regime (Padayottam) of Tipu Sultan: "There was no limit as to the loss the Hindu temples suffered due to the military operations of Tipu Sultan. Burning down the temples, destruction of the idols installed therein and also cutting the heads of cattle over the temple deities were the cruel entertainments of Tipu Sultan and his equally cruel army. It was heartrending even to imagine the destruction caused by Tipu Sultan in the famous ancient temples of Thalipparampu and Thrichambaram. The devastation caused by this new Ravana's barbarous activities have not yet been fully rectified."

KOZHIKODE MADE A GRAVEYARD

As per the provisions of the Treaty of Mangalore of 1784, the British had allowed Tipu Sultan to have his suzerainty over Malabar. 'In consequence, the Hindus of Malabar had to suffer the most severe enormities the world had ever known in history,' observes K.V. Krishna Iyer, in his famous book, Zamorins of Calicut, based on historical records available from the royal house of Zamorins in Calicut . "When the second-in-line of Zamorins, Eralppad, refused to cooperate with Tipu Sultan in his military operations against Travancore because of Tipu's crude methods of forcible circumcision and conversion of Hindus to Islam, the enraged Tipu Sultan took a solemn oath to circumcise and convert the Zamorin and his chieftains and Hindu soldiers to Islamic faith," he adds.
L.B. Boury writes: "To show his ardent devotion and steadfast faith in Muhammaddan religion, Tipu Sultan found Kozhikode to be the most suitable place. It was because the Hindus of Malabar refused to reject the matriarchal system, polyandry and half-nakedness of women that the 'great reformer' Tipu Sultan tried to honour the entire population with Islam." To the Malabar people, the Muslim harem, Muslim polygamy and the Islamic ritual of circumcision were equally repulsive and opposed to the ancient culture and tradition in Kerala. Tipu Sultan sought a marriage alliance with the matriarchal Muslim family of Arackal Bibi in Cannanore. Kozhikode was then a centre of Brahmins and had over 7000 Brahmin families living there. Over 2000 Brahmin families perished as a result of Tipu Sultan's Islamic cruelties. He did not spare even women and children. Most of the men escaped to forests and foreign lands.
Elamkulam Kunjan Pillai wrote in the Mathrubhoomi Weekly of December 25, 1955: "Muhammadans greatly increased in number. Hindus were forcibly circumcised in thousands. As a result of Tipu's atrocities, strength of Nairs and Chamars (Scheduled Castes) significantly diminished in number. Namboodiris also substantially decreased in number."
The German missionary Guntest has recorded: 'Accompanied by an army of 60,000, Tipu Sultan came to Kozhikode in 1788 and razed it to the ground. It is not possible even to describe the brutalities committed by that Islamic barbarian from Mysore ." C.A. Parkhurst also noted that 'Almost the entire Kozhikode was razed to the ground."

TEMPLES DESTROYED

Thali, Thiruvannur, Varackal, Puthur, Govindapuram, Thalikkunnu and other important temples in the town of Kozhikode as well as those nearby were completely destroyed as a result of Tipu's military operations.. Some of them were reconstructed by the Zamorin after he returned following the defeat of Tipu Sultan in Sreerangapatanam and the Treaty of 1792.
The devastation caused by Tipu Sultan to the ancient and holy temples of Keraladheeswaram, Thrikkandiyoor and Thriprangatu in Vettum region was terrible. The Zamorin renovated these temples to some extent. The famous and ancient Thirunavaya Temple , known throughout the country as an ancient teaching-centre of the Vedas, revered by the devotees of Vishnu from Tamil Nadu, and existing before the advent of Christ, was also plundered and destroyed by Tipu's army (Malabar Gazetteer). After dismantling and destroying the idol, Tipu converted the Thrikkavu Temple into an ammunition depot in Ponnani (Malabar Manual). It was the Zamorin who repaired the temple later. Kotikkunnu, Thrithala, Panniyoor and other family temples of the Zamorin were plundered and destroyed. The famous Sukapuram Temple was also desecrated. Damage done to the Perumparampu Temple and Maranelira Temple of Azhvancherry Thamprakkal (titular head of all Namboodiri Brahmins) in Edappadu, can be seen even today. Vengari Temple and Thrikkulam Temple in Eranadu, Azhinjillam Temple in Ramanattukara, Indyannur Temple, Mannur Temple and many other temples were defiled and damaged extensively during the military regime.

Tipu Sultan reached Guruvayoor Temple only after destroying Mammiyoor Temple and Palayur Christian Church. If the destruction caused by Tipu's army is not visible today in the Guruvayoor Temple , it is mainly because of the intervention of Hydrose Kutty who had been converted to Islam by Hyder Ali Khan. He secured the safety of the temple and the continuation of land-tax exemption allowed by Hyder Ali earlier, besides the renovation and repairs done by the devotees later. According to available evidences, fearing the wrath of Tipu Sultan, the sacred idol of the Guruvayoor Temple was removed to the Ambalapuzha Sri Krishna Temple in Travancore State . It was only after the end of Tipu's military regime, that the idol was ceremoniously reinstated in the Guruvayoor Temple itself. Even today, daily pujas are conducted in Ambalapuzha Sri Krishna Temple where the idol of Guruvayoor Temple was temporarily installed and worshipped.

Damages caused to the nearby temples at Parampathali, Panmayanadu and Vengidangu are visible even today. The deplorable state of the architecture of the sanctum sanctorum of Parampathali Temple destroyed during the military operations of Tipu Sultan is really heart-rending. The atrocities committed in Kozhikode during the nightmarish days of the military occupation are vividly described in the works of Fra Bartolomaeo who had travelled through Kerala at that time. How cruelly Tipu Sultan, ably assisted by the French Commander M. Lally, had treated the Hindu and Christian population can be clearly understood from his writings.

TALKING RECORDS OF KERALA HISTORY

Govinda Pillai says in his famous book, History of Literature; "During Malayalam Era 965 corresponding to 1789-90, Tipu Sultan crossed over to Malabar with an army of uncivilised barbarians. With a sort of fanatical love for Islamic faith, he destroyed many Hindu temples and Christian churches which were the custodians of precious wealth and religious traditions. Besides, Tipu Sultan abducted hundreds of people and forcibly circumcised and converted them to Islam - an act which was considered by them as more than death."
A small army of 2000 Nairs of Kadathanadu resisted the invasion of the huge army of Tipu Sultan from a fortress in Kuttipuram for a few weeks. They were reduced to starvation and death. Tipu Sultan entered the fort and offered to spare their lives, provided they accepted conversion to Islam. The unfortunate lot of 2000 Nairs were then forced to eat beef after being converted to Islamic faith, at the end of usual religious ritual of mass circumcision. All the members of one branch of Parappanad Royal Family were forcibly converted to Muhammadan faith except for one or two who escaped from the clutches of Tipu Sultan's army. Similarly, one Thiruppad belonging to Nilamboor Royal Family was also forcibly abducted and converted to Islam. Thereafter, it was reported that further conversions of Hindus were attempted through those converts. In the end, when the Kolathiri Raja surrendered and paid tribute, Tipu Sultan got him treacherously killed without any specific reason, dragged his dead body tied to the feet of an elephant through the streets, and finally hanged him from a tree-top to show his Islamic contempt for Hindu Rajas.
It may be mentioned here that the entire Wodayar Royal Family of Mysore had been humiliated and kept in prison by Hyder Ali Khan and Tipu Sultan in their capital city, Sreerangapatanam. Even the Palghat Raja, Ettipangi Achan who had surrendered, was imprisoned on suspicion and later taken to Sreerangapatanam. Nothing was heard of him subsequently. Christians in Palghat fled out of fear. Tipu Sultan terrified the entire Hindu population in Malabar, stationing his army contingents in different regions for the purpose. The tax initially imposed by Hyder Ali Khan was forcibly collected by Tipu Sultan. Standing crops were confiscated. This act provoked even some influential Mappila landlords to revolt against Tipu Sultan..
Hyder Ali Khan had exempted temples from the payment of land tax.. But Tipu Sultan forced the temples to pay heavy taxes. The famous Hemambika Temple at Kalpathi of the Palghat Raja who had surrendered to Hyder Ali Khan, the Kachamkurissi Temple of the Kollamkottu Raja who had deserted the Zamorin and sided with Hyder Ali Khan, and also the Jain Temple at Palghat suffered serious damages due to the cruel policies of Tipu Sultan.
Many Nair and Brahmin landlords fled the country leaving their vast wealth behind. The Mappilas forcibly took possession of their lands and wealth. Tipu Sultan did not object to their actions. Most of the Mappila landlords of today claim that they purchased the ownership of the landed properties from Nairs and Brahmins after paying heavy compensation. These blatant lies are being repeated by them in spite of the fact that practically nothing was paid to the Hindu landlords then or later. (The same Islamic treachery was repeated during the Mappila riots of 1921.)
In any case, Tipu Sultan succeeded in mass killing, converting lakhs of Hindus to Islamic faith, driving thousands out of their traditional homes, and finally making the rest extremely poor. Many Hindus belonging to lower castes accepted conversion to Islam under duress. However, many others, especially the Thiyyas, fled to Tellicherry and Mahe for safety.
When the British established their rule in Malabar and the Hindu landlords made efforts to recover their landed properties, illegally occupied by the local Mappilas, Mullahs started preaching to their fanatic followers that "killing of Hindu landlords was a sacred Islamic act," leading to frequent Mappila outrages in Malabar.1
In Cherunad, Vettathunad, Eranad, Valluvanad, Thamarassery and other interior areas, local Mappilas unleashed a reign of terror on the Hindu population, mainly to retain the illegally occupied land and to establish their domination over Hindus as during Tipu's regime. Fearing the organised robberies and violence, people could not even travel freely in the Malabar hinterland of predominantly Mappila population.
Lt. Col. E. Phitiyan, Andriansi, Mayan, K.P. Padmanabha Menon Sadasyathilakan T.K. Velu Pillai, Ullur Parameshwara Iyer, and other prominent people have described vividly the various types of atrocities committed by Tipu Sultan during the days of his Islamic rule in Malabar. There is no count of the wealth looted from Hindu temples and taken away by him to Sreerangapatanam.
It is, therefore, very pitiable that a few shameless Hindus of today have come forward to orchestrate the nefarious propaganda of the fanatic Muslims, namely, that it was the imperialist divide-and-rule policy of the British that was responsible for blaming the Muslims for various atrocities committed against Hindus. This Big Lie was surreptitiously entered subsequently in history books and related records. It is obvious that these "Hindus" are speaking on the theme of Hindu-Muslim unity and praising the 'secular' credentials of the Muslim League, Tipu Sultan and Aurangzeb to the sky, not sincerely for the sake of Hindu-Muslim amity but only because of their inherent cowardice. They even proclaim that the notorious Mappila outrage of 1921 was part of the freedom struggle!

CONCLUSION

A few observations about the attack of Tipu Sultan on the Travancore State would be appropriate in this context. If the Nedunkotta had not been constructed earlier mainly to stop the danger from the powerful Zamorin, the same fate would have befallen the helpless Travancore State as well. Because of the above fortification, Tipu Sultan could wreak vengeance only in Angamally, Alwaye, Varapuzha, Alangod and other towns on the northern borders of Travancore State . That is what the Dewan of Travancore, Madhava Rao, had written in the history of Travancore. It may be emphasized here that he had relied on the original local records, not the ones published by the European historians. He wrote: "Whatever cruelties, the local Mappilas were desirous of indulging in the land, Tipu Sultan and his army of Muslim converts did. The ancient and holy temples were heartlessly defiled or burnt down. The ruins of those temples destroyed by Tipu's fanatic army are the existing evidences of the atrocities committed by Muslims in the country. Christian churches also had to suffer widespread destructions. However, Tipu Sultan spared only the territories of Cochin Raja who had surrendered to Hyder Ali Khan in the beginning itself. Still, when Tipu Sultan and his army entered Parur and started firing at Kodungallur, the Cochin Raja sent a letter to the Travancore Raja requesting him 'to protect me and my family'." (A copy of the original letter was also published in the book.)
These are the recorded facts about the atrocities unleashed by Tipu Sultan during his military regime notoriously known as Padayottakalam. Poets have written a number of poems about the sufferings of the people and the land during those nightmarish days. The following was written by a member of the Katathanad Royal Family about the consequences of Padayottakalam:
"Oh Shiva! Shiva Lingam (idol) has gone (destroyed) from the temple, and also the Lingam (manliness) from the land:" (This is the English translation of the Malayalam article by P.C.N. Raja first published in Kesari Annual of 1964. The late Raja was a senior member of the Zamorin Royal Family.)
Footnotes: 1 During this period and upto the notorious mappila riots of 1921, there occurred over 45 minor/major Mappila riots of various dimensions and intensifies.
TIPU'S OWN TESTIMONY
C. NANDAGOPAL MENON
(The writer is convenor of Bombay Malayalee Samajam)
"If you love me, should you not put up with my weakness sometimes?" - Tipu Sultan is purported to have asked Mir Sadik who was one of his ministers. This is a remark invented by Bhagwan S. Gidwani in his controversial novel, The Sword of Tipu Sultan.
Across-section of the new generation of historians and novelists is of the opinion that all the available documents and history books on Tipu Sultan originate from the British and, therefore, they cannot be relied upon, the ostensible policy of the British being to 'divide and rule'. Pointing to the correspondence between Shrimad Paramahamsa Parivrajakacharya Shri Sankaracharya of Sringeri Mutt and Tipu Sultan during 1791-92 and 1798, they argue that Tipu was an apostle of secularism and as such respected Hindu religious heads and places of worship. Tipu is also identified as among the first nationalists who fought against the British to liberate the country.
However, the arguments fall apart if one goes through various letters and edicts issued by Tipu Sultan to various public functionaries, including his principal military commanders, the governors of forts and provinces, and diplomatic and commercial agents.
William Kirkpatrick, who compiled many of Tipu's letters, writes in his book, Selected Letters of Tipoo Sultan (published in 1811): "Tipoo knew his will to be a law the propriety of which"¦ would never be questioned or doubted by any of his slaves"¦ He probably measured the sentiments in question by a different standard from that with which we estimate them. Thus the various murders and acts of treachery which we see him directing to be carried into execution, were not criminal, but on the contrary just, and even meritorious, in his eyes."
GREAT VICTORY
Kirkpatrick continues: "The Koran taught him that it was not necessary to keep faith with infidels, or the enemies of the true religion, in which case it was not difficult for him to persuade himself that it was right to include all who opposed or refused to cooperate in his views for the extension of that religion; or, in other words, for his own aggrandisement. "
This observation of Kirkpatrick is found to be valid when one goes through the letter of January 19, 1790, sent to Budruz Zuman Khan by Tipu himself. It says: "Don't you know I have achieved a great victory recently in Malabar and over four lakh Hindus were converted to Islam? I am determined to march against that cursed 'Raman Nair' very soon (reference is to Rama Varma Raja of Travancore State who was popularly known as Dharma Raja). Since I am overjoyed at the prospect of converting him and his subjects to Islam, I have happily abandoned the idea of going back to Srirangapatanam now" (K.M. Panicker, Bhasha Poshini, August, 1923).
In a letter dated 8th Eezidy (February 13, 1790) addressed to Budruz Zuman Khan, Tipu writes: "Your two letters, with the enclosed memorandums of the Naimar (or Nair) captives, have been received. You did right in ordering a hundred and thirty-five of them to be circumcised, and in putting eleven of the youngest of these into the Usud Ilhye band (or class) and the remaining ninety-four into the Ahmedy Troop, consigning the whole, at the same time, to the charge of the Kilaaddar of Nugr"¦" (Selected Letters of Tipoo Sultan by Kirkpatrick) .
In a letter dated January 18, 1790 to Syed Abdul Dulai, Tipu writes: "With the grace of Prophet Mohammed and Allah, almost all Hindus in Calicut are converted to Islam. Only on the borders of Cochin State a few are still not converted. I am determined to convert them also very soon. I consider this as Jehad to achieve that object" (K.M. Panicker, Bhasha Poshini).
THEY SPEAK VOLUMES
The translation of the great seal of Tipu found in Major Alex Dirom's comprehensive account of the Third Mysore War published as early as 1793 in London , reads as follows:
"I am the Messenger of the true faith.
"I bring Unto you the Edicts of Truth.
"From CONQUEST and the Protection of the Royal Hyder comes my tide of SULTAN and the world under the Sun and Moon is subject to my Signet."
The letters and the seal speak volumes of the mind of the man who wantonly roamed and terrorised South India and the southeastern borders of Maharashtra for a decade. It cannot be said that he did so because the Hindus were assisting the British.
The contention of a secularist section of historians and novelists that Tipu was a patriot since he fought the British, has no validity. The renowned historian, Dr. I.M. Muthanna, says in his Tipu Sultan X-Rayed that Tipu was a traitor as he invited the French to invade India . The letter, dated April 21, 1797, written by Tipu and classified as No. 4 in the Persian File of Records, and quoted by Muthanna in his book, reads:
"Citizen Representatives:
"Since I manifested my friendship in writing to you, my messengers have arrived with the following intelligence which will not be displeasing to you.
"The Nizam, an ally of the English, and the Chief of the Mughals, is very ill and his age leaves no prospect of his recovery. He has four children who are disputing the right of succession. One of them is much attached to me, (he) is the favourite of the chiefs of the people and is expected to succeed him.
"I inform these events in order to prove to you that it is now the moment for you to invade India . With little trouble we shall drive the British out of India . Rely on my friendship.
"Your ally (Sd) Tipu Sultan."
That was Tipu's expression of love for India !
The world-famous Protuguese traveller, Fr. Barthoelomeo, not a Britisher, writes in his book Voyage to East Indies : "First a corps of 30,000 barbarians who butchered everybody on the way"¦ followed by the field-gun unit under the French Commander, M. Lally"¦ Tipu was riding on an elephant behind which another army of 30,000 soldiers followed. Most of the men and women were hanged in Calicut , first mothers were hanged with their children tied to necks of mothers. That barbarian Tipu Sultan tied the naked Christians and Hindus to the legs of elephants and made the elephants to move around till the bodies of the helpless victims were torn to pieces. Temples and churches were ordered to be burned down, desecrated and destroyed. Christian and Hindu women were forced to marry Mohammadans and similarly their men were forced to marry Mohammadan women.1 Those Christians who refused to be honoured with Islam, were ordered to be killed by hanging immediately. These atrocities were told to me by the victims of Tipu Sultan who escaped from the clutches of his army and reached Varappuzha, which is the centre of Carmichael Christian Mission. I myself helped many victims to cross the Varappuzha river by boats."

COW-SLAUGHTER

"The Padayottam military occupation period won't be forgotten by the Malayalis for generations. It was this invasion, between Malayalam era 957 to 967 (1782 to 1792) that turned Malayalam upside down," says P. Raman Menon, biographer of Shaktan Tampuran, the King of Cochin during Tipu's invasion. He adds: "There was hardly any cowshed left in Malayalam where the Mysore Tiger did not enter." The reference is to the mass cow-slaughter carried out by Tipu's army on his orders.
In 1783-84, 1788 and 1789-90, Tipu personally led the attacks on Malayalam (Kerala), besides sending his army contingents to various resistance spots during the intervening period. Well-known Muslim historian, P.S. Syed Muhammed, author of Kerala Muslim Charitram (History of Kerala Muslims), has this to say about these invasions: "What happened to Kerala because of Tipu's invasion, reminds one of the invasion of Chengez Khan and Timur in Indian history."
Vadakunkur Raja Raja Varma writes in Kerala Samskrita Sahitya Charitram (History of Sanskrit Literature in Kerala): "The number of temples destroyed during Tipu's invasion is countless. It was the hobby of Tipu and his army to put the temples on fire destroy the idols and indulge in cow-slaughter. The memory of destruction of the Talipparampu and Trichambaram temples aches the heart."
According to the Malabar Gazetteer, the important temples in the towns of Tali, Srivaliyanatukavu, Tiruvannur, Varakkal, Puthur, Govindapuram, and Talikunnu were destroyed by Tipu's ravaging armies. Even the Tirunavaya Temple known all over India as a centre of Rig Veda teaching was destroyed. Tipu personally ordered the destruction of Calicut which was the capital of the Zamorin Rajas.
The record books maintained at the Vadakumnatha Temple of Trichur, Zamorins of Calicut by K.V. Krishna Iyer, and Malabar Manual by William Logan also list hundreds of temples destroyed during Tipu's invasion.

FAITH IN ASTROLOGY

It is common knowledge that Tipu had immense faith in astrology. He used to keep a number of astrologers in his court who were asked to calculate the time auspicious for his invasions. It was at the appeals of these astrologers and his own mother that Tipu spared two temples out of more than a dozen within Srirangapatanam Fort. Moreover, by the end of 1790, Tipu was facing enemies from all sides. He was also defeated at the Travancore Defence Lines. It was then that in order to appease the Hindus of Mysore, he started giving land-grants to Hindu temples.
This view finds endorsement in the biography of the Diwan of Travancore, Life History of Raja Kesavadas by V,R. Parameswaran Pillai. Pillai writes: "With respect to the much-published land-grants I had explained the reasons about 40 years back. Tipu had immense faith in astrological predictions. It was to become an Emperor (Padushah) after destroying the might of the British that Tipu resorted to land-grants and other donations to Hindu temples in Mysore including Sringeri Mutt, as per the advice of the local Brahmin astrologers. Most of these were done after his defeat in 1791 and the humiliating Srirangapatanam Treaty in 1792. These grants were not done out of respect or love for Hindus or Hindu religion but for becoming Padushah as predicted by the astrologers. "

Sanjay Khan, producer of the controversial TV serial on Tipu, contended in the beginning that there was no distortion in his serial (based on Gidwani's novel). He has now admitted in an interview to The Week that "Gidwani's novel may not be historically correct".- Indian Express ( Bombay ), March 10, 1990

Footnotes: 1 A non-Muslim marrying a Muslim woman becomes a Muslim under the "law" of Islam. Marrying a Muslim woman without getting converted to Islam invites death penalty under that "law".

 

[nrupatunga]

@kseeker
Of the two parallel stories in avaraNa, one story is of aurangzebs timeframe and the other contemporary may have some references to tippu. But still doubt that. Even i read it some3-4 years ago. But definitely not in story of the hindu prince who is made into an enunch, this is entirely in aurangzebs perod.

When i meant progressive, i meant it in a non-religious way.Which means setting up infrasturcture, improving trade, setting up centers to improve agriculture (like lal bagh) etc etc. As far as the article given, i will read it leisurely though i feel that it may not have any new things in it (as far i am concerned). I have read many detailed articles, documents on the "atrocities" committed by hyder/tippu.. But still i feel they had their plus points as well (esp. in economy and modern warfare).

 

[kseeker]

@kseeker
Of the two parallel stories in avaraNa, one story is of aurangzebs timeframe and the other contemporary may have some references to tippu. But still doubt that. Even i read it some3-4 years ago. But definitely not in story of the hindu prince who is made into an enunch, this is entirely in aurangzebs perod.

Read the following review (search for word Tipu Sultan)


[PDF]http://vibhuav.files.wordpress.com/2012/03/aavarana.pdf[/PDF]

When i meant progressive, i meant it in a non-religious way.Which means setting up infrasturcture, improving trade, setting up centers to improve agriculture (like lal bagh) etc etc. As far as the article given, i will read it leisurely though i feel that it may not have any new things in it (as far i am concerned). I have read many detailed articles, documents on the "atrocities" committed by hyder/tippu.. But still i feel they had their plus points as well (esp. in economy and modern warfare).

Progressive, welfare :blah: :blah: :blah: are all secular words which is being used to define that bast@rd which has no meaning if you realise that, how he had treated non-muslims during his pathetic rule.

Read following

Tipu Sultan (1750-1799) of India,Cruel Persecutor of the Hindus and St.Thomas Christians of Southern India

Read more: Tipu Sultan (1750-1799) of India,Cruel Persecutor of the Hindus and St.Thomas Christians of Southern India | Anti Sharia

Who was Tipu Sultan (1750-1799)?

1.He is also known as the "Tiger of Mysore" and was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. At age 15, he accompanied his father,Hyder Ali Khan,the de facto ruler, against the English in the First Mysore War in 1766. The kingdom reached the height of its military power and dominion in the latter half of the 18th century under the de facto ruler Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan. During this time, it came into conflict with the Marathas, the British and the Nizam of Hyderabad which resulted in the four Anglo-Mysore wars. Success in the first two Anglo-Mysore wars was followed by defeat in the third and fourth.

2.The majority of his subjects were Hindus.

3.Tipu's treatment of conquered Hindus and Christians, and English prisoners of war was horrible and inhumane.

The three wars of Tipu Sultan against the English

1.In 1779, the British captured the French-controlled port of Mahé. In response, Hyder Ali began a war against the British and 1780 Tipu Sultan was dispatched by Hyder Ali with 10,000 men and defeated the British and their Indian soldiers in the Battle of Pollilur. Tipu Sultan defeated the English again in 1782 and in that same year Hyder Ali died. The Second Mysore War came to an end with the 1784.

In 1785, the Dutch missionary Christian Friedrich Schwarz described the abduction of 12,000 children from the region. In 1788, Tipu ordered his governor in Calicut,on the southern Indian coast, Sher Khan, to begin converting Hindus to Islam, and in July of that year, 200 Brahmins were forcibly converted and made to eat beef.

2.He began expansionist attacks against his neighbours, and harshly put down rebellions within his territories, deporting whole populations into confinement in the city of Seringapatam/Sringapatam. He remained an enemy of the British, creating another war with an attack on British-allied Travancore in 1789. In the Third Anglo-Mysore War Tipu was forced into a humiliating peace, losing a number of previously conquered territories, such as Malabar and Mangalore.

3.In the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War the English and the Nizam of Hyderabad,the kingdom next to the kingdom of Mysore, defeated Tipu and he was killed on 4 May 1799, defending the fort of Seringapatam.

Articles with Bibliographies(for Verification of Claims) about the Actrocities by Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan against Hindus and Christians

TIPU SULTAN: AS KNOWN IN KERALA

http://www.faithfreedom.org/articles/islamic-jihad-articles/tipu-was-a-sufi-too/




Tipu's rockets
Tipu Sultan and rockets

Tipu Sultan's father had used rockets making critical innovations in the rockets and Tipu Sultan had a rocket brigade of almost 6,000.The Mysorean rockets utilised by Tipu Sultan, were later updated by the British and used during the Napoleonic Wars.

The attempt to prove Tipu Sultan was not a persecutor of Hindus and Christians

Argument 1:the English records can not be trusted

Brittlebank, Hasan, Chetty, Habib and Saletare argue that stories of Tipu Sultan's religious persecution of Hindus and Christians are largely derived from the work of early British authors such as Kirkpatrick and Wilks who they do not consider to be entirely reliable.

But against this is the independent evidence of Tipu's documents of persecution and that by the Hindus and Indian Christians.

A. S. Chetty argues that Wilks' account in particular cannot be trusted, Irfan Habib and Mohibbul Hasan argues that these early British authors were biased. This is repeated by Brittlebank in her recent work where she writes that Wilks and Kirkpatrick must be used with particular care as both authors had taken part in the wars against Tipu Sultan and were closely connected with English rulers.

Argument 2:the Muslim records can not be trusted

One argument is little reliance can be placed in Muslim accounts such as Kirmani's Nishan-e Haidari. That in their anxiety to represent the Sultan as a champion of Islam, they had a tendency to exaggerate and distort the facts: Kirmani claims that 70,000 Coorgis were converted, when forty years later the entire population of Coorg was still less than that number.Coorg is now called Kodagu and is a region on the southwest coast of India. According to Ramchandra Rao Punganuri the true number of converts was about 500.

Again,whatever the numbers the fact is indisputable that Tipu Sultan was a persecutor of Christians and Muslims based on independent records by Hindus and Indian Christians,not just by the records of the English and Muslims.



Here is an example in an Indian article of the attempt to make Tipu Sultan look like a hero

"Tipu, Haidar and history"

Frontline : In-depth analysis of issues and events in India and around the world

A little bit about geography

Mangalore is the chief port city of the Indian state of Karnataka,southern India,in what is called the Malabar coast,famous for its Malabar pepper.The Kanara/Canara region is also part of this area.

About the St.Thomas/Syrian Christians of Mangalore

There is the story that Thomas,one of the 12 disciples went to India and died on the southern coast of India.For that reason the Christians there are called the St.Thomas Christians.They use the Aramaic dialect of Syria,called Syriac,in their services and so are also called the Syrian Christians,but they are not descended from Syrians.



The captivity of Mangalorean Catholics at Seringapatam from 1784-1799,the worst in their history

1.Soon after the Treaty of Mangalore in 1784, Tipu gained control of Canara.He issued orders to seize the Christians in Canara, confiscate their estates, and deport them to Seringapatam, the capital of his empire.There were no priests among the captives,all the 21 arrested priests were expelled and threatened death by hanging if they ever returned.Tipu ordered the destruction of 27 Catholic churches,almost all except one were utterly destroyed.

2.According to Thomas Munro, a Scottish soldier and the first collector of Canara, 60,000 people (92% of the Mangalorean Catholics) were captured, only 7,000 escaped.

3.Francis Buchanan says 70,000 were captured and 10,000 escaped. They were forced walk 210 miles (340 km) from Mangalore to Seringapatam, and the journey took six weeks.

4.According to British Government records, 20,000 of them died on the march. According to James Scurry, a British officer, who was held captive along with Mangalorean Catholics, 30,000 of them were forcibly converted to Islam.

5.The young women and girls were forcibly made wives of the Muslims living there.

6.The young men who offered resistance were disfigured by cutting their noses, upper lips, and ears.According to Mr. Silva of Gangolim, a survivor of the captivity, if a person who had escaped from Seringapatam was found, the punishment under the orders of Tipu was the cutting off of the ears, nose, the feet and one hand.


St.Thomas Christians
More information on the persecution of Christians there

The Archbishop of Goa,which was a Portuguese city next to Karnataka, wrote in 1800:

"It is notoriously known in all Asia and all other parts of the globe of the oppression and sufferings experienced by the Christians in the Dominion of the King of Kanara, during the usurpation of that country by Tipu Sultan from an implacable hatred he had against them who professed Christianity."

Tipu Sultan's rule of the Malabar Coast had an adverse impact on the Saint Thomas Christian community.Many churches in Malabar and Cochin were damaged.The old Syrian Nasrani seminary at Angamaly which had been the centre of Catholic religious education for several centuries was razed to the ground by Tipu's soldiers.A lot of centuries old religious manuscripts were lost forever.

In that invasion many Saint Thomas Christians were killed or forcibly converted to Islam. Most of the plantations held by Christian farmers were destroyed by the invading army.

The forced conversion to Islam of English men by Tipu Sultan

Captured English soldiers between 1780 and 1784 were forced to convert.After their defeat at the 1780 Battle of Pollilur, 7,000 English men were held captive by Tipu in the fortress of Seringapatnam.

Over 300 were circumcised and given Muslim names After the 10 year long captivity ended, James Scurry, one of those prisoners, recounted that he had forgot how to sit in a chair and use a knife and fork. His English was broken and his skin had become very dark.

After surrender of the Mangalore fort all the racially mixed persons,non-British foreigners and 5,600 Mangalorean Catholics were massacred.

About the title "Tiger of Mysore"

Tipu was known as the "Tiger of Mysore" and adopted this animal as the symbol of his rule. Tipu Sultan was hunting in the forest with a French friend. He came face to face with a tiger,his gun did not work, and his dagger fell on the ground as the tiger jumped on him. He reached for the dagger and killed the tiger.

Later Tipu had French engineers build a mechanical tiger for his palace. The device, known as Tipu's Tiger, is now in the Victoria and Albert Museum, London.

The Sources about Tipu Sultan's atrocities

Records that we have are:

1."The Malabar Manual" by William Logan

2.The historical chronicles of Kerala and royal houses of Malabar,which is in Kerala,southern India.

3.Historical research papers written by eminent persons

4.And official reports of the English East India Company.

The portrait of Tipu Sultan and his father Hyder Ali Khan in these sources

They clearly show that Tipu Sultan and his father were bigoted, brutal and fanatical Muslims. The remains of hundreds of shattered Hindu temples and many dead all along the invasion routes of Tipu's army are irrefutable proofs of the cruelty and atrocities committed by Tipu in Kerala.

He was waging a vicious Islamic war against the Hindu population of Kerala, with a large Muslim army under Muslim commanders. Tipu Sultan spent the major part of his rule in conducting military operations for subjugating the Malabar region. Wars of territorial conquest waged in Malabar by Hyder Ali Khan were intended more for spreading the Islam by slaughter and forcible conversion of Hindus coupled with widespread destruction of Hindu temples, than for expanding his kingdom.

Evidence of atrocities committed against the Hindus of Malabar by the army of Hyder Ali Khan are in the diary of a Muslim officer of the Mysore army as edited and published by the then surviving son of Tipu Sultan, Prince Ghulam Muhammed.But before he could succeed in conquering all the Malabar region, Hyder Ali Khan died in 1782. His son Tipu Sultan was even worse.

The genuine records of Tipu's deeds in Kerala show that Tipu Sultan was a militant Muslim ruler, who was responsible for the destruction of hundreds of Hindu temples, large-scale forced conversion of the Hindus, and indescribable brutalities on the Hindus in Kerala.

During the brutal days of Islamic war from 1783 to 1791, thousands of Hindus had fled Malabar, leaving behind their entire wealth, and sought refuge in Travancore State,according to an investigation by the British soon after Tipu Sultan's death.

"The Malabar Manuel" by William Logan

The most trustworthy book for the Malabar region about the historical facts is definitely the Malabar Manual written by William Logan. William Logan was a functionary of Malabar and worked for over twenty years in Kerala. The authenticity of its contents cannot be doubted.

There are plenty of references in the Malabar Manual about the cruel military operations and Islamic atrocities of Tipu Sultan in Malabar: forced mass circumcision and conversion, large-scale killings, looting and destruction of a number of Hindu temples, and other cruelties.All the historical documents of that period clearly indicate that Tipu Sultan's attack on Malabar had some purpose other than simple territorial conquest.It was to force all the Hindus there to convert to Islam.

An original order sent to the army by Tipu Sultan was found among the records from Palghat Fort,Kerala,after its capture by the English in 1790. It ordered the Muslim army to convert everybody in the district to Islam, that they should be traced to their hiding places, and that all means, truth or falsehood, fraud or force, should be employed convert them.

The barbarity which Tipu Sultan committed in the region of Coorg,now called Kodagu,south of Kerala was great.On one occasion, he forcibly converted over ten thousand Hindus to Islam.

On another occasion, he captured and converted to Islam more than one thousand Hindus there before imprisoning them in the Srirangapatanam fortress. In the period of confusion and disorder prevailing there during the last war of Tipu Sultan against the British, all the Coorgi prisoners escaped from the prison and became Hindus again after reaching their native kingdom. Against the solemn oath given to the Raja of Coorg, Tipu Sultan forcibly abducted a young princess from the Coorg royal family and made her his wife against her will.

Tipu Sultan came to Bidnur and forcibly converted its entire population to Islam. The people had to accept Islam for the sake of their lives.After the capture of Mangalore, thousands of Christians were also forcibly sent to Srirangapatanam where all of them were circumcised and converted to Islam.

Then he marched to Kumbla on the northern borders of Kerala, forcibly converting to Islam every Hindu on the way.In Malabar, the main targets of Tipu Sultan's atrocities were Hindus and Hindu temples.According to the Malabar Manual a number of Hindu temples were destroyed by Tipu Sultan.

Documentary Evidence that Tipu Sultan was a religious bigot

1. Letter dated March 22, 1788 to Abdul Kadir:

"Over 12,000 Hindus were 'honoured' with Islam. There were many Brahmins among them. This achievement should be widely publicised among the Hindus. There the local Hindus should be brought before you and then converted to Islam. No Brahmin should be spared. Also they should be confined there till the dress materials sent for them, reach you."

2. Letter dated December 14, 1788 to his Army Chief in Calicut,a port of southwest India:

"I am sending two of my followers with Mir Hussain Ali. With their assistance, you should capture and kill all Hindus. Those below 20 may be kept in prison and 5,000 from the rest should be killed by hanging from the tree-tops. These are my orders."

3. Letter dated January 18, 1790, to Syed Abdul Dulai:

"With the grace of Prophet Muhammed and Allah, almost all Hindus in Calicut are converted to Islam. Only a few are still not converted on the borders of Cochin State. I am determined to convert them also very soon. I consider this as jihad to achieve that object."

4.Tipu sent a letter on 19 January 1790 to the Governor of Bekal, Budruz Zuman Khan

It says:

"Don't you know I have achieved a great victory recently in Malabar and over four lakh Hindus (Note: 4 lakh=400,000) were converted to Islam?

I am determined to march against that cursed Raman Nair (Note:the Rajah of Travancore) very soon. Since I am overjoyed at the prospect of converting him and his subjects to Islam, I have happily abandoned the idea of going back to Srirangapatanam now."

5.On the handle of the sword presented by Tipu to Marquess Wellesley was the following inscription:

"My victorious sabre is lightning for the destruction of the unbelievers. Hyder Ali, the Emir of the Faithful, is victorious for my advantage.

And moreover, he destroyed the wicked race who were unbelievers. Praise be to him (God), who is the Lord of the Worlds! You are our Lord, support us against the people who are unbelievers. He to who the Lord gives victory prevails over all (mankind).

Oh Lord, make him victorious, who promotes the faith of Muhammad. Confound him, who refuses the faith of Muhammad; and withhold us from those who are so inclined from the true faith. The Lord is predominant over his own works. Victory and conquest are from the Almighty. Bring happy tidings, Oh Muhammad, to the faithful; for God is the kind protector and is the most merciful of the merciful. If God assists you,you will prosper. May the Lord God assist you, Oh Muhammad, with a mighty great victory."

6.The Barcoor Manuscript reports him as having said:

"All Muslims should unite together, and considering the annihilation of infidels as a sacred duty, labour to the utmost of their power, to accomplish that subject."



According to the "History of Mysore" by Lewis Rice

During the rule of Tipu Sultan, only two Hindu temples inside the Srirangapatanam Fort were active while all other Hindu temples were confiscated.In administrative matters, Muslim bias was clearly evident, especially in the matter of taxation. Muslims were exempted from all taxes and those who were converted to Islam had the same concessions. In the case of employment, Hindus were eliminated to the maximum extent possible.The period of Tipu Sultan and his father Hyder Ali from 1766 to 1792 is the darkest phase in Kerala history.



Read more: Tipu Sultan (1750-1799) of India,Cruel Persecutor of the Hindus and St.Thomas Christians of Southern India | Anti Sharia

Ajit Vadakayil: TIPU SULTAN UNMASKED- CAPT AJIT VADAKAYIL

TIPU SULTAN UNMASKED- CAPT AJIT VADAKAYIL

TIPU SULTAN , THE TRUE STORY OF A VILLAIN

It is amazing how Indians accept warped and skewed history written by our invaders.

Opium drug runner German Jew Rothschild's who owned the British East India Company, is hardly known any where in India or the world. Rothschild owns 80% of Israel and runs the US Federal Reserve.

Their wealth in 2011 runs in excess of 300 trillion US dollars, or 300,000 billion dollars. But they don't find a name in the Forbes 500 list.

Forbes was the opium agent of Rothschild in USA. Bill Gates, Carlos Slims, Warren Buffet all with wealth less that 60 billion US dollars take the top three spots, of the richest men in the world.

HOW DID ROTHSCHILD LAY THEIR HANDS ON SO MUCH MONEY?

WELL , TIPU SULTANS GOLD WENT INTO THEIR VAULTS. THEIR FASTEST CLIPPER SHIPS WERE READY TO CART AWAY TONNES GOLD IN 1799 WORTH MORE THAN 300 BILLION , THREE MONTHS BEFORE TIPU WAS KILLED.

FROM WHERE DID TIPU SULTAN GET HIS GOLD?


AFTER ALL HIS PUNJABI MUSLIM FATHER HYDER ALI WAS JUST A ORDINARY SOLDIER NAIK IN THE MYSORE WODEYAR HINDU RULER'S ARMY.

TIPU'S GOLD CAME MAINLY FROM THE VAULTS OF THE TEMPLES OF CALICUT—MY HOME TOWN. THE FRUIT OF 6 MILLENNIUMS OF SPICE TRADE IN A STABLE KINGDOM, NEVER ATTACKED , TILL THE PORTUGUESE CAME WITH THEIR SUPERIOR CANONS TO CALICUT, IN 1498 AS TRADERS.

Most of this pure gold is from the gold minesof Timbuctoo. King Solomon paid in gold for the spices , teak wood and sandalwood

Who are these German Jew Rothschilds?

They made their money by Opium drug smuggling from India to China

They send paid mercenary Hessian German soldiers to USA , well paid with Opium drug money. In USA during the war of Independence ( 1783 ) they supported both the Red coats commanded by British Lord Wellesely, and also the blue coats , who were led by the Opium agents of Rothschild.
Punch into google search THE DIRTY SECRETS OF BOSTON TEA PARTY- VADAKAYIL.

They financed the Battle of Waterloo ( 1815 ) , both sides-- the British as well as the French. They made an ass out of British people who lost their entire wealth in the stock market. Rothschild managed to convince the British that they are losing the Battle of Waterloo, by using a pigeon carrier from the battle field trick--and bought up all their falling stocks.

In 1757 traders Rothschild took over India . The first battle of Independence or the Battle of Plassey was won without firing as single shot- by Robert Clive bribing the King Siraj Ud Daulash's army commander cum brother-in-law Mir Jaffar, to kill him before the battle even started. Of course they fired a lot of shots merrily into the air as propaganda.

In 1799 they used Commander General cum Prime Minister Mir Saadiq to kill Tipu Sultan , and then dressed him up and put him in the battle field outside the fort of Srirangapatnam , to make it appear that he was killed in Battle.

Then of course as usual they fired thousands of rockets and guns merrily into the air, to make it appear that a great storming of the citadel was going on. The British army raped and pillaged at will , the whole night. All this is NOT recorded by British historians. So much heat and smoke was released into the atmosphere , that the next day there was a terrible cloudburst.

No wall of the fort was breached, as written by British historians . The door of the fort were opened by Mir Sadeeq on 4th May 1799. . All Tipu Sultan loyalists soldiers were sent away to stand in queue for wage distribution.

Tipu himself was having his food, when he was killed by a single shot from close quarters on his left cheek. He was also stabbed three times on his chest and later dumped outside on the field among the dead at dusk .

General David Baird using the light from a flaming torch, noted that the priceless emerald jewels he always wore round his neck was missing though he was lying under dead men . The killers had made him clasp the handle of his sword after breaking it at the hilt and the broken blade part was not seen anywhere around .

The British did great propaganda that Tipu Sultans gunpowder and rockets were wet, as they deliberately flooded the armoury in the basements. Well Tipu Sultan knows where to keep his gunpowder , and flooding factor is always taken into account.

The dirty truth is whatever rockets and gunpowder was supplied to Tipu Sultan by the French was Rothschild's armament goods. The French ruler Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai was under the influence of Rothschild money. A few days after Tipu's treasure was in Rothschilds hands they got rid of Phillipe, and gave him a good pension .

None of the rockets would have exploded even if they were dry. The British had the Maratha army and the Nizam of Hyderabad's soldiers with them just in case Mir Sadiq could not deliver the goods. Mir Sadiq and his assistant Mir Moinuddin , who were bribed by Rothschild man Lord Wellesely , were both murdered by the British and made it appear as if they were killed by Tipu Sultan loyalists. So the British made ousted King Wodeyar, rotting in Tipu's prison , the new king of Mysore.

WHY DID THE BRITISH WAIT TILL 1799 TO TAKE OUT TIPU SULTAN ? WHY WAIT FOR FOUR ANGLO MYSORE WARS?

THE TRUTH IS BY TAKING TIPU SULTANS TWO SONS AS HOSTAGE AFTER THE THIRD BRITISH MYSORE WAR, AND SNATCHING AWAY HALF HIS KINGDOM, THEY GOT HIM TO TRUST THE FRENCH. ( Mossad style deceit )

AND WHO WERE THE FRENCH ? JUST ROTHSCHILD'S STOOGES.

THE BRITISH UNDER ROTHSCHILD ENSURED THAT TIPU SULTAN CLEANED OUT THE GOLD IN NORTH KERALA TEMPLES.

TIPU NEVER FOUGHT WITH THE BRITISH IN KERALA. TIPU SULTAN BEING A MUSLIM HAD THE CONNIVANCE AND TRUST OF LOCAL MAPPILAS , WHO GAVE HIM SECRET INFORMATION --MUSLIM TO MUSLIM .

Today if you come to Kerala, you will ask—why are the Kerala temples all looking as if they have been built yesterday? The reason is Tipu Sultan dug up the foundations of each and every major temple. In 1790 Tipu attacked the South Kerala Kingdom of Travancore in 1790. The fruit of which was a broken leg which made him permanently lame. He lost his sword and this is the sword which Vijay Mallya bought at Sotheby auction.

Recently actor Sanjay Khan had made a TV serial for national channel Doordarshan , to do propaganda from the Muslim perspective. Tipu Sultan was portrayed as a hero and martyr and freedom fighter like Chatrapati Shivaji .

And a few months ago, we had our Muslim minister Salman Khursheed jumping up and down like an orangutan, trying to get Tipu Sultan play enacted in the Rashtrapati Bhavan, and convert him into a Indian freedom fighting hero. He should do that for Ghaznavi too.
Nothing is further from the truth.


The letters which Tipu sent to the French ruler and King of Turkey to attack India and to support him against the British is available in the museums . His serial was based on a false information in a book written in 1976 by Bhagwan Gidwani, who claims that he did 13 years extensive research.

Well , I must say his research is no good. He must know that not a single child in South India is named Tipu—for this name is synonymous to Hitler, or Ravan or Shylock or Judas -- hated by one and all.

Indian government has even released a national stamp with Tipu Sultan's face on it—portraying him as a freedom fighter. By doing that the government in appeasing the Muslim sentiment ( which does not exist for Tipu ) has ignored the feelings of the people of Kerala.

Tipu Sultan destroyed more than 8000 temples in Kerala, Mysore and Tamil nadu.. OK, Calicut temples had gold hidden, but what about Mysore and Tamil Nadu? He tried to made Persian the official language of Mysore by abolishing Kannada, by the new language party were too lazy.


In 1788 Tipu Sultan had razed my hometown Calicut to the ground. Tipu spared Raja of Cochin as he was a vassal of Hyder Ali.

The way Tipus thousands of people is killed in Kerala is too macabre to even describe. They were hung upside down on trees , before being put to the sword and then left to hang there , with terrible stench everywhere. Elephants were used to tear bodies apart. Tipu's soldiers raped at will, but they did NOT have intercourse with attractive dead women like what Timur's Mongol soldiers did.

However they used to line up thousands of Hindu men to get circumcised— stretch out the foreskin, slice with a knife and out—next guy! Then they had to eat beef while bleeding from the tip of the penis, wrapped in a rag.
YouTube

Watch video above by clicking on link -- today even as I write this post, in Libya blacks are made to eat their family and friends, before being lynched by NATO and US supported rebels. For a Hindu, eating beef is worse than cannibalism. Women and children under 18 are NOT allowed to watch this video.

When thousands of Hindus ran away into the forests , Tipu gave his royal word of honour to come back and he would forgive them. As soon as they came back attractive women would be caught as slaves, men and children would be given the option—be killed or get yourself circumcised now! This happened to Kolathiri Raja and he preferred to be pulled apart by elephants than eat beef.
While escaping from Tipu's army, one of the princes of the Chirackal Royal family in North Malabar was captured . As per the accounts of Tipu's own diary , the body of the prince was dragged by elephants through his camp and it was subsequently hung up on a tree along with seventeen of his followers who had been captured alive

Letter written by Tipu Sultan dated January 19, 1790, to Badroos Saman Khan: "Don't you know that I have achieved a great victory recently in Malabar and over 4 lakh Hindus were converted to Islam. I am now determined to march against that 'Cursed Raman Nair' without delay. (Reference is to Rama Varma Raja of Travancore State who was popularly known as Dharma Raja for giving shelter in his state to all those who fled Malabar.). Thinking that he and his subjects would be soon converted to Islam, I am overjoyed and hence abandoned the idea of returning to Srirangapatanam."

Only if the men got circumcised, the family would be spared. Today hardly any Kerala Muslim in Malappuram district know that their forefathers were the same Hindus who stood crying in line by the thousands to get their foreskins sliced off by a crude knife. 25% of Kerala's population is Muslim today. You get a general idea of how many Hindu men got circumcised and how many got killed.
IT WILL BE SUBVERSION OF HISTORY TO SAY THAT ALL CONVERSIONS WERE FORCED. THERE WERE THOUSANDS OF VOLUNTARY CONVERSIONS OF LOW CASTE HINDUS TO ISLAM, DUE TO THE SEVERE HARRASMENT OF HIGHER CASTE HINDUS ESPECIALLY LAND OWNING NAMBOODIRI BRAHMINS.

I WILL BE POSTING ON THIS SOON , TO REVEAL THE SICK MINDSET OF THE NAMBOODIRI CLAN, WHO GOT CARRIED AWAY WITH LORD PARASHURAMA'S PATRONAGE. THEY SUBVERTED THE VEDAS, AND IN THE BARGAIN THEY PAINTED THEMSELVES INTO A CORNER.


The half breed Arabs sailors who had 2 wives here in Kerala and 2 wives out there in Arab lands were , called Mappilas. They have merged with Kerala society today, but these fair skinned folks, will cheer for an Arab team if they play a football match with India.

Most of these fair skinned Mappilas are rich as they grabbed the ancestral lands and tharavadu bungalows of the landlord Hindus who ran away for their dear lives with their families. They were terrorized by Tipu Sultan and also by the dirty antics and daily harassment of these Mappilas, to force hem to run away.

After Tipus death when the British established their rule in Malabar and the exiled Hindu landlords made legal efforts to recover their ancestral landed properties, illegally occupied by the local Mappilas, Mullahs in mosques started preaching to their fanatic followers that "killing of Hindu landlords was a sacred Islamic act," leading to frequent Mappila Lahala outrages in Malabar.

Tipu Sultan got his own son married to such a Mappila Arakkal Biwi—the Queen of Cannanore. This was to score brownies points over Nizam of Hyderabad who had refused to give his daughter to a man of poor lineage —as Hyder Ali was a Punjabi commoner, NOT of Mughal descent..

Tipu Sultan had, ruled his kingdom only for sixteen-and-a-half years, from December 7, 1782 to May 4, 1799. The territory of Malabar was under his effective control only for a short period of eight years—but he sucked out all the wealth using local information from his Kerala Mappila spies. The British were monitoring all this happily.

Let Tipu Sultan with the aid of his Mappila local spies ,do all the temple vault breaking , temple foundation digging , ornament snatching from Kerala women, dirty , undignified , sweaty work and accumulate all the nice gold in some convenient spot, like bees gathering honey — we shall snatch it away for Amschel Mayer Rothschild , at that ripe time in ONE SWIFT AND SINGLE SWIPE.

For this they made Tipu Sultan sign a official document too—The Treaty of Mangalore of 1784- which gave the " suzerainty of Malabar " to him.

In a minor south Kerala Sri Padmanabhaswamy temple 24 billion US dollars worth gold was unearthed in July 2011. The main vault is yet to be opened due to security issues, and a judicial order.

ipu was Hyder Ali's son by his 2nd wife Fakrunissa. When ever Tipu Sultan went on a campaign he used to consult Hindu astrologers at Ranganatha Swami Temple at Srirangapatnam – such was the paradox. He also consulted the Hindu astrologers at Lakshmikanta temple at Kalale.

Hyder Ali first lay siege to Calicut's King Zamorin ( Samoothiri ) in 1766 . The Calicut king committed suicide in , by blowing his gun-powder armoury up. He feared he would be tortured to reveal the whereabouts of his gold vaults. In any case Hyder Ali got his entire gold kept inside the palace. . After 22 years , in 1788 Hyder's son Tipu razed my hometown Calicut again to the ground – he came with elephants, cannons, rockets and more than 68000 soldiers, via the Sultan Battery ghats..

He renamed all the towns with Islamic names. My hometown Kozhikode became Islamabad. Today only Feroke retains the old name. Rest have all been named back to original. British changed Kozhikode again to Calicut. Today once again it is back to Kozhikode , as my passport bears testimony.

Famous ancient temples looted and desecrated as per British records were : Triprangot, Thrichembaram, Thirunavaya, Thiruvannoor, Calicut Thali, Hemambika Temple, the Jain Temple in Palghat, Mammiyur, Parambatali, Venkitangu, Pemmayanadu, Tiruvanjikulam, Terumanam, Vadakhumnnathan Temple of Trichur, Belur Siva Temple, Shri Veliyanattukava, Varakkal, Puthu, Govindapuram, Keraladhiswara, Trikkandiyur, Sukapuram, Bhagavati temple Kodungallur, Maranehei Temple of Aaalvancheiri Tambrakkal, Vengara Temple of Aranadu, Tikulam, Ramanathakra, Azhinjalam Indiannur, Mannur Narayan Kanniar and Vadukunda Siva Temple of Madai.

The biggest loss was the 7000 year old Thirunavazha temple, along with priceless Vedic records. This temple was even older than 6000 year old Guruvayur.

Tipu Sultan was prevented from destroying the Guruvayur temple by Hydrose Kutty, who told him that the 6000 year old black idol has been shifted to the Ambalapuzha Sri Krishna temple in kingdom of Travancore for safekeeping. Even today, daily pujas are conducted in Ambalapuzha Sri Krishna Temple where the idol of Guruvayoor Temple was temporarily installed and worshipped.

I have visited the spot Tipu Sultan fell when I was a young boy of 11. At that time I felt sorry for him , for he was mentioned in my social studies and history book of school as a freedom fighter.

At the spot he had fallen there is a stone memorial , which I had visited, along with his palaces in Srirangapatman- all built with Hindu temple treasures.

n 2003 the sword of Tipu Sultan was bought by Vijay Mallya for a fortune . The sword of Tipu Sultan carried an inscription in Persian: "My victorious Sabre is lightening for the destruction of the unbelievers. Thou art our Lord, make him victorious who promotes the faith of Muhammad. Confound him, who refuses the faith of Muhammad and withold us from those who are so inclined".

This man had NIL respect for other religions— except when he wanted his own future to be known in advance by Hindu astrologers , and when he conducted special pujas to save his own skin.

In Tipu's kingdom Muslims did NOT have to pay taxes—so much for his secular image.


-CAPT AJIT VADAKAYIL

It's a shame that, most of the Indians still believe that Muslims tyrants like Akbar, Tipu and such bast@rds as heroes and call them progressive, secular

 

[Waffen SS]

@kseeker I think those rulers were actually Muslim, but they understood to keep their Government running they also need co-operation from Hindus, which would not be achieved if they follow Religious fundamentalism. Akbar took open policy only to take help from Rajputs.

So its clear they actually wanted to keep their Government running and religious persecution, hence these 2 cant be achieved simultaneously that's why some times they appeased Hindus, it came from Political necessity, not for respect to Hinduism in most cases.

Just like Akbar is said to have respect to Hinduism, thus he withdrawn Jijia tax, if so then why he declared "Jihad" against Mewer? So it is quite clear that those Hindu rulers who will accept Muslim rule will be allowed to practise Hinduism freely those who will not accept will be persecuted.

So it indicates their tolerance mainly came for political need. As they realized to Govern India properly co-operation of Hindus also necessary.

It is like our present political leaders who actually hate Muslims but appease them to get votes.