https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengal_tiger
As showed, tigers have a natural corridor in ramthanbore, which is quite close to the state of gujarat, where lions are, so in a hypothetical situation, what would happen in a conflict between two of the most powerful of predators in india.
Head of the smithsonian
Biologist John seidensticker:
it has been suggested that the tiger may have a
proportionally smaller head than the lion.
https://books.google.com/books?id=X...a=X&ei=qQCWVL3fDcbx oATVx4GwBg&ved=0CAoQ6AEwAg
http://www.ghumakkar.com/wp-content...in-Zoo-Left-Lion-Middle-tiger-Right-Tiger.jpg
Captive conflict accounts in india:
The Pioneer Mail and Indian Weekly News
LIONESS KILLS TIGRESS. - NAGPUR, 26TH October. In the Maharaj Bagh, while transferring wild animals from one cage to another, a lioness
attacked atigressand killed her. The animal was subsequently captured and placed in its cage.
https://www.google.com/search?q=%22In+the+Maharaj+Bagh% 2C+while+transferring+wild+anima ls+from+one+cage+to+another%2C+a +lioness+attacked%22&hl=en&tbm=b ks&oq=%22In+the+Maharaj+Bagh%2C+ while+transferring+wild+animals+ from+one+cage+to+another%2C+a+li oness+attacked%22&gs_l=heirloom-serp.3...3856.9093.0.9922.2.1.0. 1.0.0.258.258.2-1.1.0....0...1ac.1.34.heirloom-serp..2.0.0.xZLJjaEMlf4
Zoo tiger surrcumbs presented to the Corpo ration zoo by Jamnagar State In 1949 died on Monday of Injuries sustained in a deadly combat with Leo
http://news.google.com/newspapers?id...ith+lion&hl=en
"One of only 70 white tigers left in the world has died a month after being wounded in a fight with two younglions in an Indian zoo.
Nandan Kanan animal park'
http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=MWSB&p_theme= mwsb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=2 00&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB82D10F0087120&p_field_direc t-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sor t=YMD_date
&s_trackval=GooglePM
Double edged sword: Both the tiger and the lion population would be affectedThe NGO claims that the prey base of Kuno is limited, and is not sufficient even for the lions that are to be shifted. So, there would be intense competition between the lions and tigers, straying from Ranthambore, for the same prey. However, it is not just the relocated lions that would be at a disadvantage, as the tigers in Ranthambore could be equally impacted. As competition for prey increases, the lions may venture out of Kuno in search of
food and enter Ranthambore through the shared corridor.
This would then reduce the prey base of the tigers. Not only that, lions may even attack and kill tigers.http://www.indiawest.com/blogs/tiger-lio
Kailash Sankhala Indian naturalist
http://i917.photobucket.com/albums/ad19/JinenFordragon/boldchamppics031-2.jpg
Indian Expert Damoo Dhotre:
http://www.circusesandsideshows.com/...amudhotre.html
THE FAMOUS Dhotre, an Indian animal trainer who
appeared with many European and American circuses during the 1940s and 1950s was once asked whether a lion or a tiger would win in a battle to the death. Dhotre said he would back a lion. although the tiger is faster, the lion is at least equal in strength. Although the tiger is as fierce and savage as any animal in the jungle the lion has boundless courage" he said in his memoirs in 1961 The heavy mane around the lion's neck also makes it difficult for another animal to grip the lion's throat with his teeth, according to Dhotre.
http://www.google.com/search?q=THE+F...rce=newspapers
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K._A._Nilakanta_Sastri
"References to the lion in the Padirruppattu, one to the dread of other animals in mountain slopes haunted by lions, and the other to the lion killing the tiger.
http://www.google.com/search?q=mount...=1&btnG=Search
Ten species olfelida are found S. of the Himalaya, including the lion, tiger, leopard, cheetah, and the true cats (F.catvt).
https://books.google.com/books?pg=PA203&dq=%22years+ago%2 2+lion+tiger+india&id=pkZMAAAAMA AJ&output=text
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayas
http://s12.postimg.org/r5hq2mh9p/Screenshot_57.png
Besides this weird notion, there is also the terrific enthusiasm for
sound. During one of the stretches, the Halliburton voice tells of
looking down into a pit and perceiving an Indian lion, supposed to be
one of the very few in existence, giving battle to a tiger. It is a
thrilling fight, but Mr. Futter has overdone the inoculation of sound.
On other occasions the scenes are silent and later one hears the
breaking of a tree as it is pushed over by an elephant.
http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?...639C946294D6CF
WILD
An account which took place at india in Surat:
The fauna there includes a few tigers:
https://books.google.com/books?id=63...ed=0CA4Q6AEwBA
Tapi river is the home to the natural habitats of many wild animals
snakes and many more.
http://www.ecoindia.com/rivers/tapi.html
One of the biggest tigers recorded came from surat:
https://books.google.com/books?id=I7...=0CAwQ6AEwAzgK
JUNGLES OF INDIA THRILLING SCENE
Our destination was the province called Guzerat, which is a large peninsula northwest of Bombay. We could have proceeded thither in a short time by sea, but Mr. Barrill took the circuitous land route, in order to see the
country. At the end of the first day's journey we en camped at the base of a range of mountains " the height of which I supposed was fifteen hundred feet. These mountains extend entirely through western India. In the vicinity of our encampment, they were steep and stony. On aU sides were forests of bamboo, presenting a straighter and more regular aspet, than any woodland I had ever HINDOO HABITS….
At Domus, Mr. Barrill disposed of his tusks to a Parsee merchant, for about one-half the price he could have obtained if he had conveyed them to Surat. But he was glad to ged rid of the burden. Domus -n-as a small town. The inhabitants were courteous enough, but we understood that some of them were strongly suspected of being engaged in piracy. Our servants informed us that the Parsees were very numerous in the country northward, and their enterprise was the chief source of its prosperity. At noon the second day after our arrival at Domus, we came within sight of the celebrated city of Surat. Its towers and pagodas gave it an imposing appearance… but as we approached the walls age and decay were strikingly evident. This city is situated on the Taptee, about tvrenty miles from the point where the mouth, or bay, empties into the gulf of Cambay. It is about six miles in circumference, and shaped like a bow, the cord being the Taptee, having near its centre, a small castle garrisoned by a few sepoys and Europeans. On ofner sides, the town is surrounded by a wall, flanked with semicircular towers. Without the walls we found some good European houses, formerly occupied by the French, but now, the residence of English officers; but the houses within the town were very inferior, consisting only of timber frames filled up with bricks, their upper stories projecting over each other. The streets were narrow and irregular. Only small boats,
called ketches, can ascend the river to Surat " yet the city once had a very extensive* commerce.
We remained three days in Surat. During this period, Mr. Barrill made some valuable acquaintance among the English, and purchased some small articles which he deemed necessary for our comfort. We found that nearly all the business of the city was carried on by the Parsees " the Hindoos being generally as indolent as they were superstitious…
The jungle was beautiful and luxuriant " the dark green foliage of the bamboo contrasting finely with the lighter verdure of the palm and the blossoms of numerous other trees for which I had no name. The encounter of the day before had left an impression not easily effaced, and we took care to avoid, as far as we could, consistently with our designs upon the game, the thickest jungle, where it was difficult to see beyond a few yards on each side. The Hindoos were all eye as they marched, and I thought, that each moment, one of them shuddered as if he expected the terrible tiger to spring from the bushes and dash him to the ground. We had proceeded about six or seven niiles, without meeting with any animals, deemed worthy of our rifles, and were growing more confident in our march. ^Lr. Barrill and I had fallen into conversation about the contrast between the forests of India and South Africa, when a tremendous roar, and the shrieks of the Hindoos, rang fearfully in our ears, and brought our shuddering horses to a halt. The case flashed on our eyes we turned. The Parsees stood as if paralyzed " the Hindoos shrieked and danced, and seemed senseless with fright. Hurrying away through the jungle we could occasionally catch a glimpse of the striped hack of a tiger ' and a faint shriek told us what he had dared to seize foi his meal. Humanity and our own burning thirst for distinction in this region, new to us, banished all feelings uf dread, and we started away, with ready rifles in pursuit, the rest of the party following, not knowing what else to do for safety. The tiger had disappeared beneath the thick foliage of the bushes, and the cessation of the victim's shrieks left us no clue to the ferocious animal's whereabouts.
When suddenly, within about fifty yards, sounded the tremendous voice of a lion " a sound we could never forget; and a succession of awful growls, snaps, and loud rustics among the bushes, led us to believe that the two tyrants of the forests were contending for the mastery. Anxious to gain a view of such a fearful struggle, we pressed forward^ till emerging from a clump of bushes, we beheld almost at our horse's feet, the lion and tiger rolling over and over, in a conflict which only death could interrupt. The mangled Hindoo was lying senseless upon his face, within a few yards of the ferocious combatants. We did not fire, but reserved our bullets till the conflict should destroy one of the beasts.
It was a horrible struggle. The tiger was quite as large as the lion, and much quicker in his movements. But the lion showed a decided superiority of strength, and his great mane effectually covered his head. Still his hack and sides were torn hy the tiger's claws, and for some minutes the contest was doubtful. Both possessed equal courage and determination, and no disposition was evinced to have a drawn battle. It was one of the compensations of nature. The tyrants of the woods, who had so long preyed upon the weaker animals, were now paying each other in due form. Draw near, ye ghosts of mangled cattle, stags and lesser beasts, to gloat over your revenge! Our prescence seemed a matter of indifference to the combatants, so intent were they in that struggle of strength and activity. But the endurance of the lion prevailed " seizing the tiger by the throat, he turned it on its back, and with his strong claws tore open its belly, and, thus put an end to its ferocious life. Hail, king of beasts, for so thou art I This had scarcely been achieved when simultaneotis balls from our rifles, stretched the lion beside the foe whom he had vanquished, and their blood mingled among the grass….
We immediately dismounted, hastened to the wounded Hindoo, while his companions busied themselves in striking their spears into the helpless tiger " and patting the head of the lion. Raising the poor fellow, we found that he was so dreadfully bitten and torn about the throat and breast, that his chance of living was but small. He could not speak. After a short time spent in reeking their cowardly vengeance on the tiger, his Hindoo companions said that they had quite enough of hunting tigers on foot, and that they would take the wounded man back to Elaw as quickly as possible. Mr. Barrill agreed with them that it was the best course they could pursue, and gave them the skin of the tiger to take with them as a kind compensation for their fright. They constructed a rude litter of branches, on which they laid their wounded companion " then skinned the tigers-cutting ofi" his head " while our Parsees were skinning the lion, and then bade us adieu. The lion was not as large as those we had killed in Africa " His skin was of a yellowish hue, the mane being some shades deeper. In other respects, there seemed to be no difference between the lions of Asia and Africa.
The tiger was a beautiful animal, the skin being striped as splendidly as that of the African zebra. The form resembled that of the common cat. The eyes were of a greenish grey color, having a ferocious glare " and the appearance of the teeth and claws was enough to send a thrill of terror through a person of timid nerves. The roar of this monster, which was the first intelligence of his presence we had received, resembled that of the lion, but was not so deep and grand. When enraged as it was during the conflict with the lion, it makes a shrill cry which pierces the ear in a most disagreeable way.
http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbo...1000110811/209
http://www.forgottenbooks.com/readbo...1000110811/211
It states non-fiction:
http://www.readanybook.com/author/peregrine-herne-10860
It states it’s a autobiography:
http://www.gregorrarebooks.com/cgi-b...ml?id=DHdpg6en
Here is Herne being noted as one of the first hunters of his era:
http://www.shakariconnection.com/ear...ter-books.html
There is also a fight in india:
Most think it is a british film, but its actually a american film:
http://www.chicagofilmarchives.org/c...object_id/2728
Castle Films was a
home-movie distributor founded in
California by former
newsreel
cameraman Eugene W. Castle (1897–1960) in 1924. The
company originally produced business and advertising films. By 1931 it had moved its principal office to New York City. In 1937, Castle branched out into
8 mmand
16 mm home movies, buying newsreel footage and old theatrical films for home use. Castle's
first home movie was a newsreel of the
Hindenburg explosion.
[1] That same year, Castle launched his "News Parade" series, a year-in-review newsreel; travelogues followed in 1938. Castle also released sports films, animal adventures, and "old time" movies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle_Films
Gangaikonda Cholapuram Temple Lion Water well
The ganges yamuna
It is known from historical evidence that the 16th and 17th centuries, Ganga-Yamuna region was covered with dense forests. These forests wild
elephant ,
buffalo , rhino,
lion, tigerand bison was the victim of
https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A 4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80
31’st of March, 1851, In the “Landshuter Zeitung” (“Landshut Newspaper”)A drama at the Ganges.
I’ll tell of one of these terrible fights, one you wouldn’t see again in a hundred years, a scene of blood and death that forever will haunt my mind. […] The lion and his rival, the tiger, need air and space in great quantity. Here, and only here, are they really able to live and to rule. […] (A long description of lions and tigers and how fierce both of them are, the actual event follows now) A Malayan slave ran towards us and shouted: “Lion! Lion! Down there, at the river! It’s a big, fierce lion!”
“One more reason to take shelter in the house,” continued the colonel. “Come, my friends, take the weapons! The lion is a troublesome guest.”
We closed the house’s doors; the slaves got weapons and guarded the basement. We, to welcome this guest admirably, climbed up to the gallery from which we could overlook the Ganges. An unusually big lion walked haughtily down there, not looking around as he does when he has to fight an opponent, but instead ambling slowly and thoughtfully like a philosopher, he walked there. He stopped from time to time to rest a minute, and then continued majestically his way. Under a magnificent palm, he stopped, turned around two times, and finally lay down in the shadow. This was the rest of a magnificent ruler that had nothing to fear from any adversary. He rested easily, as do those who have made no enemies.
Scarcely ten minutes had the lion lain there, when suddenly, he jumped up as though struck by lightning, roaring very deeply and scratching the ground with both hind legs, as though challenging an adversary. He lowered his head and, in a single bound, jumped at the palm’s stem to look about, to the right and left. Then he jumped down to ground to wait again, and his gaze lingered at one particular spot on the horizon.
“An enemy seems to approach,” the colonel said, “a terrible enemy, if we look at the lion’s reaction. I predict that it will be a fierce fight, and many rich people would pay a great sum to see it if they were here right now.”
“And why,” I asked, “don’t they stage some fights from time to time, if they would pay so much?”
“Because what we have here is very rare. The lion won’t fight against a human but against a fierce animal, one as strong as he himself, such as a rhinoceros, an elephant, or a tiger.”
“A tiger! It’s really a tiger!” one of us shouted pointing a finger at the dangerous beast which jumped in huge leaps towards the lion. It was breathtaking, our eyes wandered from the lion to the tiger and from the tiger to the lion. The lion still was lurking. It was a terrible spectacle and we wagered who will win. Now they stood eyeball to eyeball with each other. They’d seen each other and wouldn’t leave unless one of them was lying dead at the ground. The tiger was unbelievably huge and beautiful with his long black stripes distributed all over his yellowish body. His fearful eyes seemed to burn, his head was lowered. We stood, at the most, 200 feet away. The sun shone brightly, so we could see their every move. I don’t think I have to mention that our hearts were in our mouths. The tiger closed in on the lion, but the lion remained calm. In the latter, we could see the force of the calmness in his powerful position; in the tiger, one could believe to see the violent tension of someone who has the impudence to disrespect a close danger, one who had the will to assault it. We could see a certain twitch in his legs, but he wasn’t about to flee. Did the crouching tiger want to kill the lion? I believe it did, and I admire the royal tiger’s courage, he would rather lie down in a burning furnace than be accused of cowardice!
The lion had not moved at all, but we could see what was happening inside him by looking at his erected mane. From time to time, his countenance suggested a submissive gesture. But he, the king of animals, didn’t want to show any fear, but rather boldness, to his opponent. A duel was now inevitable. For the tiger it may be a glorious day, but for the lion it was certainly a festive day.
With one leap, they could grab, bite, tear each other; with one leap they’d jump over the space of 20 feet that separated them from each other. Then, they leaped! The crash equaled the crash of two ships in a tempest! We could hear the bones breaking under the weight of their terrible paws, we could see chunks of flesh falling to the ground. They made no sound, but their gruff moaning indicated their rage and pain. Neither showed superiority and we wondered who would win. If the lion were to think that he had overpowered the tiger, the latter could earn the victory with a single move, shattering the surprised lion.
The fight now lasted 10 minutes, and suddenly, as if they came to an agreement, both loosened their grip to gain their breath again. It was the motionlessness of the rage, but it was the calmness of the king. A few moments later, an unexpected incident which resurrected the fight took place: The tiger, which saw not only his defeat but also his death, used the moment. While his opponent was licking his wounded hind leg, he leaped 10 feet up the palm’s stem and stayed there. The lion looked around and couldn’t see his foe anymore; he roared, looked upwards, and he jumped at the tiger. But in this position it was impossible to continue the fight. They knew that only one of them would survive. The tiger jumped down and the lion followed him, but his leg caused him to shiver. A long fight wasn’t possible any more. Their claws were blunted, their jaws were tired, and they had lost much blood.
The fighters’ jaws were wedged in each other as they bit at each others’ heads; we could feel the bones crushing. Suddenly the tiger retreated, wavered and fell down. The lion seized him with his terrible paws and it seemed like he wanted to punish the defeated opponent for his resistance.
He didn’t loosen his grip, the merciless king of the forest, the feared lord of the wilderness; he tore the tiger apart, he crushed its skull. Suddenly a crocodile appeared out of the river. It seized the lion at his injured hind leg and dragged him into the water. The only remains of this fight were the dead tiger under the palm and some read streams of blood on the water surface.
[/b]eA tiger and lion fight near bangalore, the tiger is bitten terribly in
the throat before both injured go seperate ways:
https://news.google.com/newspapers?n...,7165143&hl=en
So most likely, that the 4 lions facing all directions were meant to represent that the lions once ruled the four corners of india.north, south, east and west:
The
pillars of Ashoka are a series of columns dispersed throughout the
Indian subcontinent, erected or at least inscribed with
edicts by the
Mauryan king
Ashoka during his reign in the 3rd century BC.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pillars_of_Ashoka
